The DOI matches its Crossref record; 4 of the 4 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Dense coding for continuous variables
Open accessAbstract
A scheme to achieve dense quantum coding for the quadrature amplitudes of the electromagnetic field is presented. The protocol utilizes shared entanglement provided by nondegenerate parametric down-conversion in the limit of large gain to attain high efficiency. For a constraint in the mean number of photons $\mathrm{n\ifmmode \bar{}\else \={}\fi{}}$ associated with modulation in the signal channel, the channel capacity for dense coding is found to be $\mathrm{ln}(1+\mathrm{n\ifmmode \bar{}\else \={}\fi{}}+{n}^{2}),$ which always beats coherent-state communication and surpasses squeezed-state communication for $\mathrm{n\ifmmode \bar{}\else \={}\fi{}}>1.$ For $\mathrm{n\ifmmode \bar{}\else \={}\fi{}}\ensuremath{\gg}1,$ the dense coding capacity approaches twice that of either scheme.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Can Quantum-Mechanical Description of Physical Reality Be Considered Complete?
Einstein, A., Podolsky, B., & Rosen, N. (1935) · Physical Review · doi:10.1103/physrev.47.777 · Cited by 16,654
Teleporting an unknown quantum state via dual classical and Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen channels
Bennett, C. H., Brassard, G., Crépeau, C., Jozsa, R., Peres, A., & Wootters, W. K. (1993) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.70.1895 · Cited by 13,703
Optical Coherence and Quantum Optics
Mandel, L., & Wolf, E. (1995) · doi:10.1017/cbo9781139644105 · Cited by 8,356
Dense Coding in Experimental Quantum Communication
Mattle, K., Weinfurter, H., Kwiat, P. G., & Zeilinger, A. (1996) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.76.4656 · Cited by 1,342
Cited by
Quantum information with continuous variables
Braunstein, S. L., & van Loock, P. (2005) · Reviews of Modern Physics · doi:10.1103/revmodphys.77.513 · Cited by 3,858
Self-citationBeating the channel capacity limit for linear photonic superdense coding
Barreiro, J. T., Wei, T.-C., & Kwiat, P. G. (2008) · Nature Physics · doi:10.1038/nphys919 · Cited by 870
Entanglement-assisted capacity of a quantum channel and the reverse Shannon theorem
Bennett, C. H., Shor, P. W., Smolin, J. A., & Thapliyal, A. V. (2002) · IEEE Transactions on Information Theory · doi:10.1109/tit.2002.802612 · Cited by 698
Nonlinear optical signals and spectroscopy with quantum light
Dorfman, K. E., Schlawin, F., & Mukamel, S. (2016) · Reviews of Modern Physics · doi:10.1103/revmodphys.88.045008 · Cited by 361
Heralded noiseless linear amplification and distillation of entanglement
Xiang, G. Y., Ralph, T. C., Lund, A. P., Walk, N., & Pryde, G. J. (2010) · Nature Photonics · doi:10.1038/nphoton.2010.35 · Cited by 312
Metadata
- Authors
- Braunstein, S. L., & Kimble, H. J.
- Venue
- Physical Review A
- Publisher
- American Physical Society (APS)
- Published
- 2000-03-03
- Volume
- 61
- Issue
- 4
- ISSN
- 0556-2791 (ISSN-L)
- 1050-2947
- 1094-1622
- OpenAlex
- W2019004690
- Cited by
- 460
- References
- 4
- FWCI
- 21.66
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Dense coding for continuous variables. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1103/physreva.61.042302
- The paper
- Braunstein, S. L., & Kimble, H. J. (2000). Dense coding for continuous variables. Physical Review A. https://doi.org/10.1103/physreva.61.042302
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
