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Robustness of quantum gates in the presence of noise
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We define several quantitative measures of the robustness of a quantum gate against noise. Exact analytic expressions for the robustness against depolarizing noise are obtained for all bipartite unitary quantum gates, and it is found that the controlled-NOT gate is the most robust two-qubit quantum gate, in the sense that it is the quantum gate which can tolerate the most depolarizing noise and still generate entanglement. Our results enable us to place several analytic upper bounds on the value of the threshold for quantum computation, with the best bound in the most pessimistic error model being ${p}_{\mathrm{th}}<~0.5.$
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“At criticality, this entropy scales as c/ 6 log( L/π sin( lπ/L ))+ A [188-190].”
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“For systems with open boundary conditions, a fit to c/ 6 log( L/π sin( lπ/L ))+ A (excluding small values of l ) yields the effective central charge c [188-190].”
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Metadata
- Authors
- Harrow, A. W., & Nielsen, M. A.
- Affiliations
- The University of Queensland (AU)
- Venue
- Physical Review A
- Publisher
- American Physical Society (APS)
- Published
- 2003-07-11
- Volume
- 68
- Issue
- 1
- ISSN
- 0556-2791 (ISSN-L)
- 1050-2947
- 1094-1622
- OpenAlex
- W1545271014
- Cited by
- 164
- References
- 23
- Citations by year
- 2026: 10 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 7.07
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- arxiv.org
- Locations
- Physical Review A (publishedVersion)
- arXiv (Cornell University) (submittedVersion)
- CERN Document Server (European Organization for Nuclear Research) (submittedVersion)
- arXiv (Cornell University)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Artificial Intelligence › Quantum Computing Algorithms and Architecture
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics › Quantum Information and Cryptography
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics › Quantum Mechanics and Applications
- Keywords
- depolarizing noise, CNOT gate, two-qubit gates, entanglement generation, noise immunity
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