The DOI matches its Crossref record; 12 of the 12 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Black hole entropy in canonical quantum gravity and superstring theory
Open accessAbstract
In this paper the entropy of an eternal Schwarzschild black hole is studied in the limit of an infinite black hole mass. The problem is addressed from the point of view of both canonical quantum gravity and superstring theory. The entropy per unit area of a free scalar field propagating in a fixed black hole background is shown to be quadratically divergent near the horizon. It is shown that such quantum corrections to the entropy per unit area are equivalent to the quantum corrections to the gravitational coupling. Unlike field theory, superstring theory provides a set of identifiable configurations which give rise to the classical contribution to the entropy per unit area. These configurations can be understood as open superstrings with both ends attached to the horizon. The entropy per unit area is shown to be finite to all orders in superstring perturbation theory. The importance of these conclusions to the resolution of the problem of black hole information loss is reiterated.
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“In particular, in scenarios of gravity induced due to matter loops [221,222], the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy is solely due to entanglement due to vacuum fluctuations [223][224][225], where the UV-cutoff dependence can be absorbed in a renormalization of Newton's constant [130].”
From Three-Dimensional Quantum Black Holes: A Primer (2024) · cites this paper as [130]
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“A simple way to resolve this paradox is to invoke the philosophy of black hole complementarity [254,255] which postulates that the violation cannot be observed operationally via a quantum complexity conjecture due to Harlow and Hayden [256]”
From Holographic spacetime, black holes and quantum error correcting codes: a review (2022) · cites this paper as [255]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe check wasn’t confident either way, so it gives no verdict — never disputed.
In the citing paper
“and superluminal communication [10,11,12,13]”
From The generalized second law implies a quantum singularity theorem (2013) · cites this paper as [11]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredIn the citing paper
“In addition, the well-known statement that 'a black hole has no hair'-i.e., from a distance all black holes with the same charge and angular momentum look essentially alike - is now known to be not always true 91 -93 .”
From Ultimate physical limits to computation (2000) · cites this paper as [92]
In the citing paper
“Thence, the generalized entropy is UV finite and independent of the UV cutoff [130][131][132].”
From Three-Dimensional Quantum Black Holes: A Primer (2024) · cites this paper as [130]
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Citations
Cites
Notes on black-hole evaporation
Unruh, W. G. (1976) · Physical Review D · doi:10.1103/physrevd.14.870 · Cited by 4,850
Action integrals and partition functions in quantum gravity
Gibbons, G. W., & Hawking, S. W. (1977) · Physical Review D · doi:10.1103/physrevd.15.2752 · Cited by 3,449
Srednicki, M. (1993) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.71.666 · Cited by 1,858
On the quantum structure of a black hole
't Hooft, G. (1985) · Nuclear Physics B · doi:10.1016/0550-3213(85)90418-3 · Cited by 1,311
Callan, C. G., Giddings, S. B., Harvey, J. A., & Strominger, A. (1992) · Physical Review D · doi:10.1103/physrevd.45.r1005 · Cited by 1,131
The stretched horizon and black hole complementarity
Susskind, L., Thorlacius, L., & Uglum, J. (1993) · Physical Review D · doi:10.1103/physrevd.48.3743 · Cited by 1,081
Self-citationEvaluation of the one loop string path integral
Polchinski, J. (1986) · Communications in Mathematical Physics · doi:10.1007/bf01210791 · Cited by 587
Some Speculations About Black Hole Entropy in String Theory
Susskind, L. (1998) · WORLD SCIENTIFIC eBooks · doi:10.1142/9789814447232_0007 · Cited by 292
Self-citationBlack hole entropy and the dimensional continuation of the Gauss-Bonnet theorem
Máximo Bañados, A., Teitelboim, C., & Zanelli, J. (1994) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.72.957 · Cited by 244
Some Speculations about Black Hole Entropy in String TheoryPreprint
Susskind, L. (1993) · arXiv (Cornell University) · doi:10.48550/arxiv.hep-th/9309145 · Cited by 118
Self-citationMöbius infinity subtraction and effective action in the σ-model approach to closed string theory
Tseytlin, A. A. (1988) · Physics Letters B · doi:10.1016/0370-2693(88)90421-2 · Cited by 67
Renormalization of the Möbius volume
Liu, J., & Polchinski, J. (1988) · Physics Letters B · doi:10.1016/0370-2693(88)91566-3 · Cited by 63
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Microscopic origin of the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy
Strominger, A., & Vafa, C. (1996) · Physics Letters B · doi:10.1016/0370-2693(96)00345-0 · Cited by 3,072
Colloquium : Area laws for the entanglement entropy
Eisert, J., Cramer, M., & Plenio, M. B. (2010) · Reviews of Modern Physics · doi:10.1103/revmodphys.82.277 · Cited by 2,873
Microscopic origin of the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy
Strominger, A., & Vafa, C. (1996) · CERN Document Server (European Organization for Nuclear Research) · Cited by 2,109
Aspects of holographic entanglement entropy
Ryu, S., & Takayanagi, T. (2006) · Journal of High Energy Physics · doi:10.1088/1126-6708/2006/08/045 · Cited by 1,969
Bousso, R. (2002) · Reviews of Modern Physics · doi:10.1103/revmodphys.74.825 · Cited by 1,741
Metadata
- Authors
- Susskind, L., & Uglum, J.
- Affiliations
- Stanford University (US)
- ORCID
- Susskind, Leonard
- Venue
- Physical Review D
- Publisher
- American Physical Society (APS)
- Published
- 1994-08-15
- Volume
- 50
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 2700-2711
- ISSN
- 0556-2821 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2174613881
- Cited by
- 754
- References
- 11
- Citations by year
- 2026: 16 · 2025: 38 · 2024: 47 · 2023: 24 · 2022: 30 · 2021: 32 · 2020: 41 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 23 · 2017: 18 · 2016: 23 · 2015: 18 · 2014: 22 · 2013: 13 · 2012: 12
- FWCI
- 32.39
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- arxiv.org
- Locations
- Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- arXiv (Cornell University) (submittedVersion)
- CERN Document Server (European Organization for Nuclear Research) (submittedVersion)
- arXiv (Cornell University)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Nuclear and High Energy Physics › Black Holes and Theoretical Physics
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Nuclear and High Energy Physics › Noncommutative and Quantum Gravity Theories
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Statistical and Nonlinear Physics › Statistical Mechanics and Entropy
- Keywords
- black hole entropy, Schwarzschild black hole, canonical quantum gravity, superstring theory, quadratic divergences, open superstring, black hole information loss
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