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Tunable Coupling Architecture for Fixed-Frequency Transmon Superconducting Qubits
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Implementation of high-fidelity 2-qubit operations is a key ingredient for scalable quantum error correction. In superconducting qubit architectures, tunable buses have been explored as a means to higher-fidelity gates. However, these buses introduce new pathways for leakage. Here we present a modified tunable bus architecture appropriate for fixed-frequency qubits in which the adiabaticity restrictions on gate speed are reduced. We characterize this coupler on a range of 2-qubit devices, achieving a maximum gate fidelity of 99.85%. We further show the calibration is stable over one day.
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“However, with the tuneable coupler55,56 in IBM Quantum Egret and now being developed for the IBM Quantum Heron, this problem no longer exists as qubit frequencies can be designed to be farther apart.”
From High-threshold and low-overhead fault-tolerant quantum memory (2024) · cites this paper as [56]
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“The direct capacitor between Q1 and Q2 adds a positive coupling term gQ1,Q2; thus, the total effective coupling then becomes Jtot ≈ Jbus +gQ1,Q2 [12].”
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Marxer, F., Mrożek, J., Andersson, J., Abdurakhimov, L. V., Ádám, J., Bergholm, V., Beriwal, R., Chan, C. F., Dahl, S., Das, S. R., et al. (2026) · PRX Quantum · doi:10.1103/n86s-2b88 · Cited by 47
Superconducting-Semiconducting Voltage-Tunable Qubits in the Third Dimension
Hazard, T., Kerman, A. J., Serniak, K., & Tahan, C. (2023) · Physical Review Applied · doi:10.1103/physrevapplied.20.034056 · Cited by 8
Robust gates with spin-locked superconducting qubits
Zuk, I., Cohen, D., Gorshkov, A. V., & Retzker, A. (2024) · Physical Review Research · doi:10.1103/physrevresearch.6.013217 · Cited by 7
Fast Z Z -free entangling gates for superconducting qubits assisted by a driven resonator
Huang, Z., Kim, T.-Y., Roy, T., Lu, Y., Romanenko, A., Zhu, S., & Grassellino, A. (2024) · Physical Review Applied · doi:10.1103/physrevapplied.22.034007 · Cited by 7
Virtual- Z Gates and Symmetric Gate Compilation
Vezvaee, A., Tripathi, V., Kowsari, D., Levenson-Falk, E. M., & Lidar, D. A. (2025) · PRX Quantum · doi:10.1103/prxquantum.6.020348 · Cited by 13
Effective nonlocal parity-dependent couplings in qubit chains
Nägele, M., Schweizer, C., Roy, F., & Filipp, S. (2022) · Physical Review Research · doi:10.1103/physrevresearch.4.033166 · Cited by 6
Three-mode tunable coupler for superconducting two-qubit gates
Egorova, E. Y., Kazmina, A. S., Simakov, I. A., Moskalenko, I. N., Abramov, N. N., Kalacheva, D. A., Lubsanov, V. B., Bolgar, A. N., Maleeva, N., & Besedin, I. S. (2025) · Physical Review Applied · doi:10.1103/2h4m-mg2p · Cited by 9
Closed-loop optimization for high-fidelity controlled- Z gates in superconducting qubits
Glaser, N. J., Roy, F., Tsitsilin, I., Koch, L., Bruckmoser, N., Schirk, J., Romeiro, J. H., Huber, G. B. P., Wallner, F., Singh, M., et al. (2025) · Physical Review Applied · doi:10.1103/pckq-2csc · Cited by 12
Efficient Lindblad synthesis for noise model construction
Malekakhlagh, M., Seif, A., Puzzuoli, D., Govia, L. C. G., & van den Berg, E. (2025) · npj Quantum Information · doi:10.1038/s41534-025-01139-1 · Cited by 10
Zhou, K., Xu, J., Su, Q.-P., Zhang, Y., Yu, X., Ma, Z., Zhang, H.-Y., Shi, H.-Y., Zheng, W., Pan, S., et al. (2025) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/5lm1-2kpk · Cited by 5
Scalable protocol to mitigate ZZ crosstalk in universal quantum gates
Liang, Y., Liang, M.-J., Li, S., Wang, Z. D., & Xue, Z. (2024) · Physical Review Applied · doi:10.1103/physrevapplied.21.024016 · Cited by 6
Jin, X. Y., Parrott, Z., Cicak, K., Kotler, S., Lecocq, F., Teufel, J., Aumentado, J., Kapit, E., & Simmonds, R. W. (2025) · Physical Review Applied · doi:10.1103/kmls-lgp5 · Cited by 13
Li, Z., Lü, X., Wang, H., & Wang, Y. (2024) · Physica Scripta · doi:10.1088/1402-4896/ad3d8f · Cited by 5
Capacitively shunted double-transmon coupler realizing bias-free idling and a high-fidelity CZ gate
Li, R., Kubo, K., Ho, Y., Yan, Z., Inoue, S., Nakamura, Y., & Goto, H. (2025) · Physical Review Applied · doi:10.1103/l8tq-7sb3 · Cited by 5
Escaping Detrimental Interactions with Microwave-Dressed Transmon Qubits
Wang, Z. T., Zhao, P., Yang, Z., Tian, Y., Yu, H., & Zhao, S. P. (2023) · Chinese Physics Letters · doi:10.1088/0256-307x/40/7/070304 · Cited by 5
Quantum chip design optimization and automation in superconducting coupler architecture
Li, F.-Y., & Jin, L.-J. (2023) · Quantum Science and Technology · doi:10.1088/2058-9565/ace8b6 · Cited by 4
Crosstalk-Based Parameterized Quantum Circuit Approximation
Ibrahim, M. M. A., Bronn, N. T., & Byrd, G. T. (2023) · IEEE International Conference on Quantum Computing and Engineering (QCE) · doi:10.1109/qce57702.2023.00014 · Cited by 4
Zhang, X., Zhang, X., Chen, C. H., Tang, K., Yi, K., Luo, K., Xie, Z., Chen, Y., & Yan, T. (2025) · Physical Review Applied · doi:10.1103/wgqf-8rcy · Cited by 3
Dai, X., Trappen, R., Yang, R., Disseler, S., Basham, J. I., Gibson, J., Melville, A. J., Niedzielski, B. M., Das, R. N., Kim, D. K., et al. (2024) · Quantum Science and Technology · doi:10.1088/2058-9565/ad1ecf · Cited by 5
Scalable Quantum Processor Based on Superconducting Fluxonium Qubits
Mazhorin, G. S., Kazmina, A. S., Chudakova, T. A., Simakov, I. A., Maleeva, N., Moskalenko, I. N., & Ryazanov, V. V. (2024) · Radiophysics and Quantum Electronics · doi:10.1007/s11141-024-10341-8 · Cited by 3
Precision Frequency Tuning of Tunable Transmon Qubits Using Alternating-Bias Assisted Annealing
Wang, X., Howard, J., Sete, E. A., Stiehl, G. M., Kopas, C., Poletto, S., Wu, X., Field, M., Sharac, N., Eckberg, C., et al. (2024) · IEEE International Conference on Quantum Computing and Engineering (QCE) · doi:10.1109/qce60285.2024.00157 · Cited by 3
Metadata
- Authors
- Stehlik, J., Zajac, D. M., Underwood, D. L., Phung, T., Blair, J., Carnevale, S., Klaus, D., Keefe, G. A., Carniol, A., Kumph, M., Steffen, M., & Dial, O. E.
- Affiliations
- IBM (United States) (US)
- IBM Research - Almaden (US)
- ORCID
- Venue
- Physical Review Letters
- Publisher
- American Physical Society (APS)
- Published
- 2021-08-20
- Volume
- 127
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 080505-080505
- ISSN
- 0031-9007 (ISSN-L)
- 1079-7114
- OpenAlex
- W3196141026
- Semantic Scholar
- ff1016f75b3d25e035add6d5fb668b505a37ac64
- Cited by
- 159
- References
- 29
- Citations by year
- 2026: 21 · 2025: 38 · 2024: 45 · 2023: 27 · 2022: 20 · 2021: 7
- FWCI
- 8.71
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Physical Review Letters (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- arXiv (Cornell University) (submittedVersion)
- arXiv (Cornell University)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics › Quantum Information and Cryptography
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Artificial Intelligence › Quantum Computing Algorithms and Architecture
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › Superconducting and THz Device Technology
- Keywords
- transmon qubits, adiabaticity, gate speed, quantum error correction
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