Student or educator? Sign up with your school email and get 6 months of Pro free.
CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 320

The DOI matches its Crossref record.

Phase Transitions and Magnetic Monopole Production in the Very Early Universe

Open access
Guth, Alan H., Tye, S. -H. H.·1980·Physical Review Letters
DOI 10.1103/physrevlett.44.631
Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

In grand unified models, the abundance of superheavy magnetic monopoles in the universe can be suppressed if (1) the phase transition which creates the monopoles occurs after much supercooling; and (2) immediately after the phase transition, the effective monopole mass is large compared with the temperature. These requirements impose constraints on the history of the early universe. The Georgi-Glashow SU(5) group probably breaks to SU(4) \ensuremath{\bigotimes} U(1) before it reaches SU(3) \ensuremath{\bigotimes} SU(2) \ensuremath{\bigotimes} U(1).

Overview

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1103/physrevlett.44.631

Cites

Statistics

Verification

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Citations

Cited by

See all 320

Metadata

Authors
Guth, A. H., & Tye, S. H. H.
Venue
Physical Review Letters
Publisher
American Physical Society (APS)
Published
1980-03-10
Volume
44
Issue
10
Pages
631-635
ISSN
0031-9007 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1103/physrevlett.44.631
OpenAlex
W2055148549
Cited by
320
References
0
FWCI
31.80
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
green

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

How to cite

Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.

This page
CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Phase Transitions and Magnetic Monopole Production in the Very Early Universe. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1103/physrevlett.44.631
The paper
Guth, A. H., & Tye, S. H. H. (1980). Phase Transitions and Magnetic Monopole Production in the Very Early Universe. Physical Review Letters. https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.44.631

Data sources

Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.

Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.