Observation of topological phase by use of a laser interferometer
Abstract
We report a direct experimental observation of Pancharatnam's phase, which is closely related to Berry's topological phase. The experiment involves measurement of the phase change in one beam of a laser interferometer as the polarization state of light is taken along a closed circuit on the Poincar\'e sphere. The phase change is found to be equal to half the solid angle subtended by the circuit at the center of the Poincar\'e sphere. Apart from providing a striking demonstration of the topological phase, the experiment demonstrates that unitary time evolution of a system is not essential for the appearance of the topological phase.
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The Berry phase induces an additional term in the equations of motion (ray equations) which describes a polarization-dependent shift of the wave trajectory.
“In particular, it induces an additional term in the equations of motion (ray equations) which describes a polarization-dependent shift of the wave trajectory.”
From Geometrodynamics of polarized light: Berry phase and spin Hall effect in a gradient-index medium (2009) · cites this paper as [26]
This polarization-dependent shift is known as the spin Hall effect of light or optical Magnus effect.
“This effect is known as the spin Hall effect of light or optical Magnus effect [24 -35]”
From Geometrodynamics of polarized light: Berry phase and spin Hall effect in a gradient-index medium (2009) · cites this paper as [26]
This effective magnetic field takes the form of a 'magnetic monopole' located at the origin of p-space.
“Remarkably, this field takes the form of a ' magnetic monopole ' located at the origin of p -space [12,17 -19,26 -35] (cf. [38,39]).”
From Geometrodynamics of polarized light: Berry phase and spin Hall effect in a gradient-index medium (2009) · cites this paper as [26]
The spin Hall effect can be treated as an effective circular birefringence of the inhomogeneous medium, but in fact it arises because of the intrinsic property (spin) of light coupled to a curved ray trajectory.
“It can be treated as an effective circular birefringence of the inhomogeneous medium [25,26], but, in fact, it arises because of the intrinsic property (spin) of light coupled to a curved ray trajectory.”
From Geometrodynamics of polarized light: Berry phase and spin Hall effect in a gradient-index medium (2009) · cites this paper as [26]
Cites
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Phase change during a cyclic quantum evolution
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The Adiabatic Phase and Pancharatnam's Phase for Polarized Light
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Observation of Berry's Topological Phase by Use of an Optical Fiber
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Fractional Quantization of Molecular Pseudorotation in Na3
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Manifestation of Berry’s topological phase in neutron spin rotation
Bitter, T., & Dubbers, D. (1987) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.59.251 · Cited by 267 · see citing works
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Coriolis Effect in Optics: Unified Geometric Phase and Spin-Hall Effect
Bliokh, K. Y., Gorodetski, Y., Kleiner, V., & Hasman, E. (2008) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.101.030404 · Cited by 363 · see citing works
Polarization of light and topological phases
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Self-citationEvolving Geometric Phase and Its Dynamical Manifestation as a Frequency Shift: An Optical Experiment
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Energy exchanges between a rotating retardation plate and a laser beam
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II Quantum Phenomena in Optical Interferometry
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Manifestation of Berry’s phase in image-bearing optical beams
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- Authors
- Bhandari, R., & Samuel, J.
- Affiliations
- Raman Research Institute (IN)
- Venue
- Physical Review Letters
- Publisher
- American Physical Society (APS)
- Published
- 1988-03-28
- Volume
- 60
- Issue
- 13
- Pages
- 1211-1213
- ISSN
- 0031-9007 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2037106029
- Cited by
- 234
- References
- 6
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 2 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 11.44
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Physical Review Letters (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics › Topological Materials and Phenomena
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics › Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics › Quantum Mechanics and Applications
- Keywords
- Pancharatnam phase, Berry phase, topological phases, laser interferometer, Poincaré sphere, polarization state, solid angle, unitary evolution
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