Rotational Frequency Shift of a Light Beam
Abstract
We explain the rotational frequency shift of a light beam in classical terms and measure it using a mm-wave source. The shift is equal to the total angular momentum per photon multiplied by the angular velocity between the source and observer. This is analogous to the translational Doppler shift, which is equal to the momentum per photon multiplied by the translational velocity. We show that the shifts due to the spin and orbital angular momentum components of the light beam act in an additive way.
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In the momentum representation, the spin-orbit interaction of light acquires the same form as the spin-orbit interaction of electrons stemming from the Dirac equation.
“In such representation, the spin-orbit interaction of light, Eq. (3.16), acquires the same form as the spin-orbit interaction of electrons stemming from the Dirac equation [29,32,54,81 -83].”
From Geometrodynamics of polarized light: Berry phase and spin Hall effect in a gradient-index medium (2009) · cites this paper as [81]
A curvilinear coordinate system based on unit vectors (u1, u2, t) is the only orthogonal coordinate system in the vicinity of the ray trajectory.
“It is worth noticing that a curvilinear coordinate systems based on unit vectors 1 2 ( , , ) u u t is the only orthogonal coordinate system in the vicinity of the ray trajectory [81,87,157].”
From Geometrodynamics of polarized light: Berry phase and spin Hall effect in a gradient-index medium (2009) · cites this paper as [81]
Cites
Orbital angular momentum of light and the transformation of Laguerre-Gaussian laser modes
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Self-citationTurnbull, G. A., Robertson, D. A., SMITH, G. M., Allen, L., & Padgett, M. J. (1996) · Optics Communications · doi:10.1016/0030-4018(96)00070-3 · Cited by 460 · see citing works
Self-citationCourtial, J., Dholakia, K., Robertson, D. A., Allen, L., & Padgett, M. J. (1998) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.80.3217 · Cited by 294 · see citing works
Self-citationGaretz, B. A. (1981) · Journal of the Optical Society of America · doi:10.1364/josa.71.000609 · Cited by 175 · see citing works
Garetz, B. A., & Arnold, S. (1979) · Optics Communications · doi:10.1016/0030-4018(79)90230-x · Cited by 137 · see citing works
Azimuthal doppler shift in light beams with orbital angular momentum
Allen, L., Babiker, M., & Power, W. L. (1994) · Optics Communications · doi:10.1016/0030-4018(94)00484-6 · Cited by 122 · see citing works
Self-citationBialynicki-Birula, I., & Białynicka-Birula, Z. (1997) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.78.2539 · Cited by 116 · see citing works
Doppler effect induced by rotating lenses
Nienhuis, G. (1996) · Optics Communications · doi:10.1016/0030-4018(96)00295-7 · Cited by 100 · see citing works
Energy exchanges between a rotating retardation plate and a laser beam
Bretenaker, F., & Le Floch, A. (1990) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.65.2316 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Quarter wave plates for submillimeter wavelengths
van Vliet, A. H. F., & de Graauw, T. (1981) · International Journal of Infrared and Millimeter Waves · doi:10.1007/bf01007414 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
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Goos–Hänchen and Imbert–Fedorov beam shifts: an overview
Bliokh, K. Y., & Aiello, A. (2013) · Journal of Optics · doi:10.1088/2040-8978/15/1/014001 · Cited by 639 · see citing works
Geometrodynamics of polarized light: Berry phase and spin Hall effect in a gradient-index medium
Bliokh, K. Y. (2009) · Journal of Optics A: Pure and Applied Optics · doi:10.1088/1464-4258/11/9/094009 · Cited by 217 · see citing works
Manifestation of the rotational Doppler effect by use of an off-axis optical vortex beam
Basistiy, I. V., Slyusar, V. V., Soskin, M. S., Vasnetsov, M. V., & Bekshaev, A. Y. (2003) · Optics Letters · doi:10.1364/ol.28.001185 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
Basistiy, I. V., Bekshaev, A. Y., Vasnetsov, M. V., Slyusar, V. V., & Soskin, M. S. (2002) · Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Physics Letters · doi:10.1134/1.1533771 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Spin-orbit interactions of light in isotropic media
Bliokh, K. Y., Aiello, A., & Alonso, M. A. (2012) · The Angular Momentum of Light · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511795213.009 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
- Authors
- Courtial, J., Robertson, D. A., Dholakia, K., Allen, L., & Padgett, M. J.
- Affiliations
- University of St Andrews (GB)
- Venue
- Physical Review Letters
- Publisher
- American Physical Society (APS)
- Published
- 1998-11-30
- Volume
- 81
- Issue
- 22
- Pages
- 4828-4830
- ISSN
- 0031-9007 (ISSN-L)
- 1079-7114
- OpenAlex
- W2001028235
- Cited by
- 329
- References
- 10
- Citations by year
- 2026: 13 · 2025: 14 · 2024: 15 · 2023: 29 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 19 · 2019: 21 · 2018: 15 · 2017: 17 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 9
- FWCI
- 1.71
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Physical Review Letters (publishedVersion)
- ENLIGHTEN (Jurnal Bimbingan dan Konseling Islam) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics › Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics › Laser-Matter Interactions and Applications
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics › Quantum and Classical Electrodynamics
- Keywords
- spin angular momentum, orbital angular momentum, millimeter-wave measurement, classical optics
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