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Resistance to Botrytis cinerea Induced in Arabidopsis by Elicitors Is Independent of Salicylic Acid, Ethylene, or Jasmonate Signaling But Requires PHYTOALEXIN DEFICIENT3
Open accessAbstract
Oligogalacturonides (OGs) released from plant cell walls by pathogen polygalacturonases induce a variety of host defense responses. Here we show that in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), OGs increase resistance to the necrotrophic fungal pathogen Botrytis cinerea independently of jasmonate (JA)-, salicylic acid (SA)-, and ethylene (ET)-mediated signaling. Microarray analysis showed that about 50% of the genes regulated by OGs, including genes encoding enzymes involved in secondary metabolism, show a similar change of expression during B. cinerea infection. In particular, expression of PHYTOALEXIN DEFICIENT3 (PAD3) is strongly up-regulated by both OGs and infection independently of SA, JA, and ET. OG treatments do not enhance resistance to B. cinerea in the pad3 mutant or in underinducer after pathogen and stress1, a mutant with severely impaired PAD3 expression in response to OGs. Similarly to OGs, the bacterial flagellin peptide elicitor flg22 also enhanced resistance to B. cinerea in a PAD3-dependent manner, independently of SA, JA, and ET. This work suggests, therefore, that elicitors released from the cell wall during pathogen infection contribute to basal resistance against fungal pathogens through a signaling pathway also activated by pathogen-associated molecular pattern molecules.
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Cites
Analysis of Relative Gene Expression Data Using Real-Time Quantitative PCR and the 2−ΔΔCT Method
Livak, K. J., & Schmittgen, T. D. (2001) · Methods · doi:10.1006/meth.2001.1262 · Cited by 180,860
Mutation of the mouse klotho gene leads to a syndrome resembling ageing
Kuro-o, M., Matsumura, Y., Aizawa, H., Kawaguchi, H., Suga, T., Utsugi, T., Ohyama, Y., Kurabayashi, M., Kaname, T., Kume, E., et al. (1997) · Nature · doi:10.1038/36285 · Cited by 3,837
Hemm, M. R., Ruegger, M. O., & Chapple, C. (2003) · The Plant Cell · doi:10.1105/tpc.006544 · Cited by 198
Cited by
Boller, T., & Felix, G. (2009) · Annual Review of Plant Biology · doi:10.1146/annurev.arplant.57.032905.105346 · Cited by 3,387
The structure, function, and biosynthesis of plant cell wall pectic polysaccharides
Caffall, K. H., & Mohnen, D. (2009) · Carbohydrate Research · doi:10.1016/j.carres.2009.05.021 · Cited by 1,645
Sugar transporters for intercellular exchange and nutrition of pathogens
Chen, L.-Q., Hou, B.-H., Lalonde, S., Takanaga, H., Hartung, M. L., Qu, X.-Q., Guo, W.-J., Kim, J.-G., Underwood, W., Chaudhuri, B., et al. (2010) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature09606 · Cited by 1,640
MAPK cascade signalling networks in plant defence
Pitzschke, A., Schikora, A., & Hirt, H. (2009) · Current Opinion in Plant Biology · doi:10.1016/j.pbi.2009.06.008 · Cited by 710
Pattern-recognition receptors in plant innate immunity
Zipfel, C. (2008) · Current Opinion in Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.coi.2007.11.003 · Cited by 658
Metadata
- Authors
- Ferrari, S., Galletti, R., Denoux, C., De Lorenzo, G., Ausubel, F. M., & Dewdney, J.
- Venue
- Plant Physiology
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2007-03-23
- Volume
- 144
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 367-379
- ISSN
- 0032-0889 (ISSN-L)
- 1532-2548
- OpenAlex
- W2122224768
- Cited by
- 423
- References
- 3
- FWCI
- 24.64
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
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- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Resistance to Botrytis cinerea Induced in Arabidopsis by Elicitors Is Independent of Salicylic Acid, Ethylene, or Jasmonate Signaling But Requires PHYTOALEXIN DEFICIENT3. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1104/pp.107.095596
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- Ferrari, S., Galletti, R., Denoux, C., De Lorenzo, G., Ausubel, F. M., & Dewdney, J. (2007). Resistance to Botrytis cinerea Induced in Arabidopsis by Elicitors Is Independent of Salicylic Acid, Ethylene, or Jasmonate Signaling But Requires PHYTOALEXIN DEFICIENT3. Plant Physiology. https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.107.095596
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