The DOI matches its Crossref record; 44 of the 44 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
SOCIETAL BELIEFS IN TIMES OF INTRACTABLE CONFLICT: THE ISRAELI CASE
Abstract
Intractable conflicts are characterized as protracted, irreconcilable, violent, of zero‐sum nature, total, and central. They are demanding, stressful, exhausting, and costly both in human and material terms. Societies involved in this type of conflict develop appropriate psychological conditions which enable them to cope successfully with the conflictual situation. The present paper proposes the following societal beliefs which are conducive to the development of these psychological conditions: beliefs about the justness of one's own goals, beliefs about security, beliefs of delegitimizing the opponent, beliefs of positive self‐image, beliefs about patriotism, beliefs about unity and beliefs about peace. These beliefs constitute a kind of ideology which supports the continuation of the conflict. The paper analyzes as an example one such intractable conflict, namely the one between Israel and Arabs, concentrating on the Israeli society. Specifically, it demonstrates the reflection of the discussed societal beliefs in the Israeli school textbooks. Finally, implications of the presented framework for peaceful conflict resolution are discussed.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS
(2023) · JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS · doi:10.58710/jia · Cited by 4,586
Cultural Reproduction and Social Reproduction
Bourdieu, P. (2018) · Knowledge, Education, and Cultural Change · doi:10.4324/9781351018142-3 · Cited by 1,821
Social Conflict: Escalation, Stalemate, and Settlement
Lebow, R. N., Pruitt, D. G., & Rubin, J. Z. (1987) · Political Psychology · doi:10.2307/3790931 · Cited by 1,740
Apple, M. W. (1990) · Taylor & Francis eBooks · doi:10.4324/9780203241219 · Cited by 1,536
Recovered Roots: Collective Memory and the Making of Israeli National Tradition
Quandt, W. B., Zerubavel, Y., & Evron, B. (1996) · Foreign Affairs · doi:10.2307/20047544 · Cited by 1,180
Social influence and social change
Moscovici, S., Sherrard, C., & Heinz, G. (1976) · Cited by 1,075
Game Theory and Political Theory: An Introduction
Ordeshook, P. C. (1986) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511666742 · Cited by 717
Handbook of coping : theory, research, applications
Zeidner, M., & Endler, N. S. (1996) · Cited by 661
Distributive Justice: A Social-Psychological Perspective.
Cook, K. S., & Deutsch, M. (1986) · Administrative Science Quarterly · doi:10.2307/2392976 · Cited by 477
Head, R. G., Snyder, G. H., & Diesing, P. (1978) · Foreign Affairs · doi:10.2307/20040005 · Cited by 467
Cited by
Narrative and the Cultural Psychology of Identity
Hammack, P. L. (2008) · Personality and Social Psychology Review · doi:10.1177/1088868308316892 · Cited by 923
Roccas, S., Klar, Y., & Liviatan, I. (2006) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.91.4.698 · Cited by 544
Collective guilt: Emotional reactions when one's group has done wrong or been wronged
Wohl, M. J. A., Branscombe, N. R., & Klar, Y. (2006) · European Review of Social Psychology · doi:10.1080/10463280600574815 · Cited by 339
Remembering historical victimization: Collective guilt for current ingroup transgressions.
Wohl, M. J. A., & Branscombe, N. R. (2008) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.94.6.988 · Cited by 297
The dominance of fear over hope in the life of individuals and collectives
Jarymowicz, M., & Bar‐Tal, D. (2006) · European Journal of Social Psychology · doi:10.1002/ejsp.302 · Cited by 279
Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Bar‐Tal, D.
- Venue
- International Journal of Conflict Management
- Publisher
- Emerald
- Published
- 1998-01-01
- Volume
- 9
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 22-50
- ISSN
- 1044-4068 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2060992261
- Cited by
- 454
- References
- 44
- FWCI
- 11.49
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: SOCIETAL BELIEFS IN TIMES OF INTRACTABLE CONFLICT: THE ISRAELI CASE. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1108/eb022803
- The paper
- Bar‐Tal, D. (1998). SOCIETAL BELIEFS IN TIMES OF INTRACTABLE CONFLICT: THE ISRAELI CASE. International Journal of Conflict Management. https://doi.org/10.1108/eb022803
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.