Entrepreneurial leadership behaviour of primary school principals across Europe: a comparative study

“In the face of these challenges, traditional leadership models appear inadequate, necessitating the exploration of new leadership dimensions (Balasi et al., 2023).”

“…from a lack of clear definitions and objectives, insufficient curriculum alignment, and limited resources and institutional support, highlighting the need for targeted training programmes and improved resource allocation to bridge the gap between policy and classroom practice (Balasi et al., 2023).”

“The combination of these indicators provides a comprehensive view of leadership effectiveness in driving organizational success (Abubakar et al., 2018; Balasi et al., 2023; Shaleha et al., 2023; Sumarno, 2021).”

“By doing this, we can take a step toward a more diverse and egalitarian educational system in which aptitude and vision, rather than gender, determine leadership (Balasi et al., 2023).”

“Chen 2007; Currie et al. 2008; Miao et al. 2019; Ali et al. 2023; Balasi et al. 2023; Ahmed and Lucianetti 2024), the three dimensions are the basis of a style-based conception of entrepreneurial leadership, while others (eg.”

“These findings are consistent with (Balasi et al. 2023), who argue that entrepreneurial leadership enhances school innovativeness and adaptability.”

“In the context of madrasahs, where education is grounded in both academic and religious values, the principal’s leadership strategy must harmonize these dual aspects effectively (Balasi et al., 2023; Mgaiwa & Hamis, 2022; Shava & Heystek, 2021).”

“By learning or participating in entrepreneurship activities, students can anticipate various problems that may arise when they practice these activities after graduation (Balasi et al., 2023).”

“Across 14 European countries, Balasi et al. (2023) found that school autonomy predicts entrepreneurial leadership behavior among primary school principals.”

“…valuable empirical insights into entrepreneurial leadership behaviour, principal entrepreneurial competence, entrepreneurship education, school leadership in autonomous systems, and teacher entrepreneurial behaviour (Balasi et al., 2023; Demirbilek, 2024; Ho et al., 2024; Syafrudin et al., 2023).”

“This suggests that external pressures can inhibit leaders from fully leveraging their intrinsic motivation for innovation (Balasi et al ., 2023).”

“…Personal pengembangan karakter Secara teoritis, pendekatan personal dalam pengembangan karakter siswa menunjukkan bahwa strategi ini secara signifikan memperkuat hubungan antara staf pendidikan dan siswa, serta meningkatkan efektivitas bimbingan (Ashton-Hay et al., 2022);Balasi et al., 2023).”

“This approach will allow developing the leadership qualities of future teachers, which will be reflected in the competence and acquisition of practical skills (Balasi et al., 2023).”