The DOI matches its Crossref record; 26 of the 26 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
A cross-sectional evaluation of opt-in testing for sexually transmitted and blood-borne infections in three Canadian provincial correctional facilities: a missed opportunity for public health?
Abstract
Purpose Incarceration provides an opportunity for screening and treatment of sexually transmitted and blood-borne infections (STBBIs) in high-risk groups. The purpose of this paper is to determine positivity rates of STBBI screening within correctional facilities using opt-in strategies and estimate the proportion of admissions tested. Design/methodology/approach A cross-sectional, retrospective review of testing data from January 2012 to August 2015 from three provincial correctional facilities located in Alberta, Canada was completed. Analysis variables included STBBI, gender, facility, collection year and age. STBBI-stratified analysis was performed to identify correlates for positivity using univariate and logistic regressions. Findings Overall prevalence of chlamydia was 11.2 percent and gonorrhea was 3.5 percent; correlates for both were younger age and facility type. The syphilis prevalence rate was 3.2 percent; correlates included being female, older age, adult facilities, with later years being protective. In total, 14 (0.3 percent) newly diagnosed HIV cases were found, prevalence increased with age. HBV prevalence was 1.7 percent with no significant correlations. Nearly one-tenth (n=422) of those screened for HCV antibody were positive; all variables were significantly correlated. Overall estimates of the proportion of admissions tested by STBBI were low and ranged from 4.8 to 16.1 percent. Originality/value This study found high rates of STBBI in correctional facilities and showed that only a small proportion of the population was tested using an opt-in strategy. Shifting to an “opt-out” strategy may be warranted.
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“Opt-out screening has the potential to substantially increase the number tested and the number of chlamydia and gonorrhea infections detected (381–385).”
From Sexually Transmitted Infections Treatment Guidelines, 2021 (2021) · cites this paper as [385]
Citations
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Is Incarceration a Contributor to Health Disparities? Access to Care of Formerly Incarcerated Adults
Kulkarni, S. P., Baldwin, S. B., Lightstone, A. S., Gelberg, L., & Diamant, A. L. (2010) · Journal of Community Health · doi:10.1007/s10900-010-9234-9 · Cited by 134
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- 2009, HIV/AIDS, and hepatitis services in Illinois county jails, Sexually Transmitted Diseases, 36, S37
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Sexually Transmitted Infections Treatment Guidelines, 2021
Workowski, K. A., Bachmann, L. H., Chan, P. A., Johnston, C. M., Muzny, C. A., Park, I., Reno, H., Zenilman, J. M., & Bolan, G. A. (2021) · MMWR. Recommendations and Reports · doi:10.15585/mmwr.rr7004a1 · Cited by 3,018
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Metadata
- Authors
- Gratrix, J., Smyczek, P., Bertholet, L., Lee, M. C., Pyne, D., Woods, D., Courtney, K., & Ahmed, R.
- Affiliations
- Alberta Health Services (CA)
- University of Alberta (CA)
- Venue
- International Journal of Prisoner Health
- Publisher
- Emerald
- Published
- 2019-08-29
- Volume
- 15
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 273-281
- ISSN
- 1744-9200 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2947614125
- Cited by
- 9
- References
- 26
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 2 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 3
- FWCI
- 0.96
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- International Journal of Prisoner Health (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Microbiology › Reproductive tract infections research
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Criminal Justice and Corrections Analysis
- Keywords
- sexually transmitted and blood-borne infections, prison population, chlamydia, gonorrhea, syphilis, HIV, hepatitis B, hepatitis C, opt-out testing
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Age Factors, Canada, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Hepatitis, Humans, Male, Mass Screening, Middle Aged, Prisons, Public Health, Retrospective Studies, Sex Factors, Sexually Transmitted Diseases, HIV Infections, Blood-Borne Pathogens, Young Adult
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