The DOI matches its Crossref record; 24 of the 24 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
What is a Smart Building?
Open accessAbstract
Purpose: – Within the building sector a lack of clarity in terminology does not help designers, clients or researchers. Non-domestic buildings have shown rapid increases in the use of advanced technology and control systems with varying drivers, many of which are labelled as intelligent. The term smart has been used interchangeably with intelligent without any clear distinction between the two. If the term Smart Buildings represented a separate, more advanced grouping, it would provide an opportunity to focus the future progress of non-domestic building development. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach: – Drawing upon academic and industrial literature and experience, this paper reviews the scope of Intelligent Buildings and the current available definitions of Smart Buildings to form a clear definition of both smart and Intelligent Buildings. Findings: – These definitions define the border between the intelligent and the (more advanced) Smart Building. The upper bound of the Smart Building is defined by (the future development of) the predictive building. Originality/value: – This work provides a clear focus which will allow the progression of the non-domestic building sector by providing guidance and aspiration, as well as providing a platform upon which a large amount of technical work can be based.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Learning to Implement Enterprise Systems: An Exploratory Study of the Dialectics of Change
Robey, D., Ross, J. W., & Boudreau, M.-C. (2002) · Journal of Management Information Systems · doi:10.1080/07421222.2002.11045713 · Cited by 1,023 · cited 1×
“Enterprise in the context of non-domestic buildings consists of a combination of hardware and/or software used to overcome fragmented, non-compatible, non-proprietary legacy systems (Robey et al., 2002) in order to allow the building operation to be optimised towards the building function.”
Shaikh, P. H., Nor, N. B. M., Nallagownden, P., Elamvazuthi, I., & Ibrahim, T. (2014) · Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.rser.2014.03.027 · Cited by 866
Dounis, A. I., & Caraiscos, C. (2009) · Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.rser.2008.09.015 · Cited by 851
The dark side of occupants’ behaviour on building energy use
Masoso, O. T., & Grobler, L. J. (2010) · Energy and Buildings · doi:10.1016/j.enbuild.2009.08.009 · Cited by 683
How smart are our environments? An updated look at the state of the art
Cook, D. J., & Das, S. K. (2007) · Pervasive and Mobile Computing · doi:10.1016/j.pmcj.2006.12.001 · Cited by 589
Occupancy-driven energy management for smart building automation
Agarwal, Y., Balaji, B., Gupta, R., Lyles, J., Wei, M., & Weng, T. (2010) · Proceedings of the 2nd ACM Workshop on Embedded Sensing Systems for Energy-Efficiency in Building · doi:10.1145/1878431.1878433 · Cited by 570
Toward intelligent machine-to-machine communications in smart grid
Fadlullah, Z. M., Fouda, M. M., Kato, N., Takeuchi, A., Iwasaki, N., & Nozaki, Y. (2011) · IEEE Communications Magazine · doi:10.1109/mcom.2011.5741147 · Cited by 518
GhaffarianHoseini, A., Dahlan, N. D., Berardi, U., GhaffarianHoseini, A., Makaremi, N., & GhaffarianHoseini, M. (2013) · Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.rser.2013.01.010 · Cited by 439
Intelligent building research: a review
Wong, J. K. W., Li, H., & Wang, S. W. (2005) · Automation in Construction · doi:10.1016/j.autcon.2004.06.001 · Cited by 408
Bourgeois, D., Reinhart, C., & Macdonald, I. (2006) · Energy and Buildings · doi:10.1016/j.enbuild.2006.03.002 · Cited by 300
Cited by
Park, J. Y., & Nagy, Z. (2018) · Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.rser.2017.09.102 · Cited by 299
Liaqat, R., Sajjad, I. A., Waseem, M., & Alhelou, H. H. (2021) · IEEE Access · doi:10.1109/access.2021.3123196 · Cited by 39
Bim-based Digital Twin development for university Campus management. Case study ETSICCP
Pavón, R. M., Alberti, M. G., Álvarez, A. A. A., & Cepa, J. J. (2025) · Expert Systems with Applications · doi:10.1016/j.eswa.2024.125696 · Cited by 32
IoT-Based Energy Efficiency in Smart Homes by Smart Lighting Solutions
Ayan, O., & Turkay, B. (2020) · 2020 21st International Symposium on Electrical Apparatus & Technologies (SIELA) · doi:10.1109/siela49118.2020.9167065 · Cited by 31
Bayasgalan, A., Park, Y. S., Koh, S. B., & Son, S.-Y. (2024) · Energies · doi:10.3390/en17194794 · Cited by 30
Metadata
- Authors
- Buckman, A. H., Mayfield, M., & B.M. Beck, S.
- Venue
- Smart and Sustainable Built Environment
- Publisher
- Emerald
- Published
- 2014-09-09
- Volume
- 3
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 92-109
- ISSN
- 2046-6099 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2029882909
- Cited by
- 318
- References
- 24
- FWCI
- 13.24
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: What is a Smart Building? https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1108/sasbe-01-2014-0003
- The paper
- Buckman, A. H., Mayfield, M., & B.M. Beck, S. (2014). What is a Smart Building? Smart and Sustainable Built Environment. https://doi.org/10.1108/sasbe-01-2014-0003
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
