The DOI matches its Crossref record; 14 of the 14 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Scattering of GPS signals from the ocean with wind remote sensing application
Abstract
A theoretical model that describes the power of a scattered Global Positioning System (GPS) signal as a function of geometrical and environmental parameters has been developed. This model is based on a bistatic radar equation derived using the geometric optics limit of the Kirchhoff approximation. The waveform (i.e., the time-delayed power obtained in the delay-mapping technique) depends on a wave-slope probability density function, which in turn depends on wind. Waveforms obtained for aircraft altitudes and velocities indicate that altitudes within the interval 5-15 km are the best for inferring wind speed. In some regimes, an analytical solution for the bistatic radar equation is possible. This solution allows converting trailing edges of waveforms into a set of straight lines, which could be convenient for wind retrieval. A transition to satellite altitudes, together with satellite velocities, makes the peak power reduction and the Doppler spreading effect a significant problem for wind retrieval based on the delay-mapping technique. At the same time, different time delays and different Doppler shifts of the scattered GPS signal could form relatively small spatial cells on sea surface, suggesting mapping of the wave-slope probability distribution in a synthetic-aperture-radar (SAR) fashion. This may allow more accurate measurements of wind velocity and wind direction.
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Citations
Cites
The scattering of electromagnetic waves from rough surfaces
Beckmann, P., & Spizzichino, A. (1963) · Virtual Defense Library (Ministerio de Defensa) · Cited by 2,911
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Parkinson, B. W., & Spilker, J. J. (1996) · Cited by 2,550
The scattering of electromagnetic waves from rough surfaces
Katzin, M. (1964) · Proceedings of the IEEE · doi:10.1109/proc.1964.3413 · Cited by 1,883
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(1996) · American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics eBooks · doi:10.2514/4.866395 · Cited by 1,371
A unified directional spectrum for long and short wind‐driven waves
Elfouhaily, T., Chapron, B., Katsaros, K. B., & Vandemark, D. (1997) · Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres · doi:10.1029/97jc00467 · Cited by 1,207
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Rihaczek, A. W. (1969) · Virtual Defense Library (Ministerio de Defensa) · Cited by 934
A pasive reflectometry and interferometry system (PARIS) application to ocean altimetry
Martín‐Neira, M. (1993) · ESA journal · Cited by 543
Wave Scattering from Rough Surfaces
Voronovich, A. G. (1999) · Springer series on wave phenomena · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-59936-1 · Cited by 477
Self-citationBarton, D. K. (1988) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 428
Voronovich, A. G. (1994) · Waves in Random Media · doi:10.1088/0959-7174/4/3/008 · Cited by 377
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Cited by
Tutorial on Remote Sensing Using GNSS Bistatic Radar of Opportunity
Zavorotny, V. U., Gleason, S., Cardellach, E., & Camps, A. (2014) · IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Magazine · doi:10.1109/mgrs.2014.2374220 · Cited by 522
Self-citationSpaceborne GNSS reflectometry for ocean winds: First results from the UK TechDemoSat‐1 mission
Foti, G., Gommenginger, C., Jales, P., Unwin, M., Shaw, A., Robertson, C., & Roselló, J. (2015) · Geophysical Research Letters · doi:10.1002/2015gl064204 · Cited by 349
Analysis of CYGNSS Data for Soil Moisture Retrieval
Clarizia, M. P., Pierdicca, N., Costantini, F., & Floury, N. (2019) · IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing · doi:10.1109/jstars.2019.2895510 · Cited by 277
CYGNSS: Enabling the Future of Hurricane Prediction [Remote Sensing Satellites]
Ruf, C., Unwin, M., Dickinson, J., Rose, R., Rose, D., Vincent, M., & Lyons, A. (2013) · IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Magazine · doi:10.1109/mgrs.2013.2260911 · Cited by 256
Time-Series Retrieval of Soil Moisture Using CYGNSS
Al-Khaldi, M. M., Johnson, J. T., O'Brien, A. J., Balenzano, A., & Mattia, F. (2019) · IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing · doi:10.1109/tgrs.2018.2890646 · Cited by 234
Metadata
- Authors
- Zavorotny, V. U., & Voronovich, A. G.
- Venue
- IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing
- Published
- 2000-03
- Volume
- 38
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 951-964
- ISSN
- 0196-2892 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2107580583
- Cited by
- 984
- References
- 14
- FWCI
- 13.38
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
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