Student or educator? Sign up with your school email and get 6 months of Pro free.
Cited by 514

The DOI matches its Crossref record.

Homodyne detection in magnetic resonance imaging

Noll, D.C., Nishimura, D.G., Macovski, A.·1991·IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging

Abstract

Magnetic detection of complex images in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is immune to the effects of incidental phase variations, although in some applications information is lost or images are degraded. It is suggested that synchronous detection or demodulation can be used in MRI systems in place of magnitude detection to provide complete suppression of undesired quadrature components, to preserve polarity and phase information, and to eliminate the biases and reduction in signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and contrast in low SNR images. The incidental phase variations in an image are removed through the use of a homodyne demodulation reference, which is derived from the image or the object itself. Synchronous homodyne detection has been applied to the detection of low SNR images, the reconstruction of partial k-space images, the simultaneous detection of water and lipid signals in quadrature, and the preservation of polarity in inversion-recovery images.

Overview

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1109/42.79473

Cites

Statistics

Verification

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Citations

Cites

No references could be resolved yet.

Research works printed but not linked: 31

  1. 10.1002/mrm.1910140107 · doi:10.1002/mrm.1910140107
  2. 10.1002/mrm.1910030104 · doi:10.1002/mrm.1910030104
  3. 10.1002/j.1538-7305.1948.tb01334.x · DOI · Paper page
  4. 10.1002/mrm.1910110202 · doi:10.1002/mrm.1910110202
  5. margosian, 1986, Faster MR imaging: Imaging with half the data, Health Care Instrum, 1, 195
  6. 10.1148/radiology.161.2.3763926 · DOI · Paper page
  7. 10.1002/mrm.1910080112 · doi:10.1002/mrm.1910080112
  8. 10.1109/IEMBS.1989.95888 · doi:10.1109/iembs.1989.95888
  9. 10.1016/0730-725X(87)90402-4 · doi:10.1016/0730-725x(87)90402-4
  10. oh, 1987, Faster magnetic resonance imaging by use of 3-quarter matrix data, Proc 7th Annu Meet Soc Magn Res Med, 455
  11. 10.1016/0730-725X(88)90444-4 · doi:10.1016/0730-725x(88)90444-4
  12. 10.1097/00004728-198805010-00022 · doi:10.1097/00004728-198805010-00022
  13. 10.1002/mrm.1910020110 · doi:10.1002/mrm.1910020110
  14. macovski, 1988, Applications of homodyne detection using separate reference acquisition, Proc 7th Annu Meet Soc Magn Res Med, 983
  15. 10.1002/mrm.1910040506 · doi:10.1002/mrm.1910040506
  16. macovski, 1988, Homodyne detection for improved SNR and partiak �-space reconstructions, Proc 7th Annu Meet Soc Magn Res Med, 815
  17. ziemer, 1976, Principles of Communications
  18. 10.1109/TMI.1984.4307681 · doi:10.1109/tmi.1984.4307681
  19. carlson, 1986, Communication Systems
  20. taub, 1986, Principles of Communication Systems
  21. middleton, 1960, An Introduction to Statistical Communication Theory
  22. meyer, 1987, Square spiral fast imaging: Interleaving and off-resonance effects, ?roc 6th Ann Meet Soc Mag Res Med, 230
  23. 10.1118/1.596304 · doi:10.1118/1.596304
  24. 10.1118/1.595732 · doi:10.1118/1.595732
  25. 10.1002/mrm.1910100207 · doi:10.1002/mrm.1910100207
  26. glasford, 1955, Fundamentals of Television Engineering
  27. bracewell, 1978, The Fourier Transform arid Its Applications
  28. paltiel, 1985, Separate water and lipid images obtained by a single scan, Proc 4th Annu Meet Soc Magn Res Med, 172
  29. patrick, 1985, Water/fat separation and chemical shift artifact correction using a single scan, Proc 4th Annu Meet Soc Magn Res Med, 174
  30. 10.1148/radiology.153.1.6089263 · DOI · Paper page
  31. 10.1016/0730-725X(86)90921-5 · doi:10.1016/0730-725x(86)90921-5

Cited by

See all 514

Metadata

Authors
Noll, D. C., Nishimura, D. G., & Macovski, A.
Venue
IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging
Published
1991-06
Volume
10
Issue
2
Pages
154-163
ISSN
0278-0062 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2106263593
Cited by
514
References
0
FWCI
3.75
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

How to cite

Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.

This page
CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Homodyne detection in magnetic resonance imaging. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1109/42.79473
The paper
Noll, D. C., Nishimura, D. G., & Macovski, A. (1991). Homodyne detection in magnetic resonance imaging. IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging. https://doi.org/10.1109/42.79473

Data sources

Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.

Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.