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The DOI matches its Crossref record; 23 of the 23 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

LSTM recurrent networks learn simple context-free and context-sensitive languages

Gers, F.A., Schmidhuber, E.·2001·IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks

Abstract

Previous work on learning regular languages from exemplary training sequences showed that long short-term memory (LSTM) outperforms traditional recurrent neural networks (RNNs). We demonstrate LSTMs superior performance on context-free language benchmarks for RNNs, and show that it works even better than previous hardwired or highly specialized architectures. To the best of our knowledge, LSTM variants are also the first RNNs to learn a simple context-sensitive language, namely a(n)b(n)c(n).

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Metadata

Authors
Gers, F. A., & Schmidhuber, E.
Venue
IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks
Published
2001
Volume
12
Issue
6
Pages
1333-1340
ISSN
1045-9227 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2121029939
Cited by
722
References
23
FWCI
9.53
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed

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CoChat. (2026). Citation check: LSTM recurrent networks learn simple context-free and context-sensitive languages. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1109/72.963769
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Gers, F. A., & Schmidhuber, E. (2001). LSTM recurrent networks learn simple context-free and context-sensitive languages. IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks. https://doi.org/10.1109/72.963769

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