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Cited by 256

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 28 of the 28 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Feedback gains for correcting small perturbations to standing posture

He, J., Levine, W.S., Loeb, G.E.·1991·IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control
DOI 10.1109/9.73565
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Abstract

A dynamical model of the neuro-musculo-skeletal mechanics of a cat hindlimb is developed to investigate the feedback regulation of standing posture under small perturbations. The model is a three-joint limb, moving only in the sagittal plane, driven by 10 musculotendon actuators, each with response dynamics dependent on activation kinetics and muscle kinematics. Under small perturbations, the nonlinear postural regulation mechanism is approximately linear. Sensors exist which could provide state feedback. Thus, the linear quadratic regulator is proposed as a model for the structure of the feedback controller for regulation of small perturbations. System states are chosen to correspond to the known outputs of physiological sensors: muscle forces (sensed by tendon organs), a combination of muscle lengths and velocities (sensed by spindle organs), joint angles and velocities (sensed by joint receptors), and motoneuron activities (sensed by Renshaw cells). Thus, the feedback gain matrices computed can be related to the spinal neural circuits. Several proposals for control strategy have been tested under this formulation. It is shown that a strategy of regulating all the states leads to controllers that best mimic the externally measured behavior of real cats.>

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Metadata

Authors
He, J., Levine, W. S., & Loeb, G. E.
Venue
IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control
Publisher
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Published
1991-03
Volume
36
Issue
3
Pages
322-332
ISSN
0018-9286 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1109/9.73565
OpenAlex
W2165346682
Cited by
256
References
28
FWCI
6.11
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed

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CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Feedback gains for correcting small perturbations to standing posture. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1109/9.73565
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He, J., Levine, W. S., & Loeb, G. E. (1991). Feedback gains for correcting small perturbations to standing posture. IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control. https://doi.org/10.1109/9.73565

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Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

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