The DOI matches its Crossref record; 30 of the 30 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
A Deep Learning Ensemble Approach for Diabetic Retinopathy Detection
Open accessAbstract
Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) is an ophthalmic disease that damages retinal blood vessels. DR causes impaired vision and may even lead to blindness if it is not diagnosed in early stages. DR has five stages or classes, namely normal, mild, moderate, severe and PDR (Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy). Normally, highly trained experts examine the colored fundus images to diagnose this fatal disease. This manual diagnosis of this condition (by clinicians) is tedious and error-prone. Therefore, various computer vision-based techniques have been proposed to automatically detect DR and its different stages from retina images. However, these methods are unable to encode the underlying complicated features and can only classify DR's different stages with very low accuracy particularly, for the early stages. In this research, we used the publicly available Kaggle dataset of retina images to train an ensemble of five deep Convolution Neural Network (CNN) models (Resnet50, Inceptionv3, Xception, Dense121, Dense169) to encode the rich features and improve the classification for different stages of DR. The experimental results show that the proposed model detects all the stages of DR unlike the current methods and performs better compared to state-of-the-art methods on the same Kaggle dataset.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Deep Residual Learning for Image Recognition
He, K., Zhang, X., Ren, S., & Sun, J. (2016) · 2016 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR) · doi:10.1109/cvpr.2016.90 · Cited by 235,474
Densely Connected Convolutional Networks
Huang, G., Liu, Z., Van Der Maaten, L., & Weinberger, K. Q. (2017) · 2017 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR) · doi:10.1109/cvpr.2017.243 · Cited by 48,566
Histograms of Oriented Gradients for Human Detection
Dalal, N., & Triggs, B. (2005) · 2005 IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR'05) · doi:10.1109/cvpr.2005.177 · Cited by 33,584
Rethinking the Inception Architecture for Computer Vision
Szegedy, C., Vanhoucke, V., Ioffe, S., Shlens, J., & Wojna, Z. (2016) · 2016 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR) · doi:10.1109/cvpr.2016.308 · Cited by 32,138
The meaning and use of the area under a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.
Hanley, J. A., & McNeil, B. J. (1982) · Radiology · doi:10.1148/radiology.143.1.7063747 · Cited by 21,856
Xception: Deep Learning with Depthwise Separable Convolutions
Chollet, F. (2017) · 2017 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR) · doi:10.1109/cvpr.2017.195 · Cited by 20,380
Object recognition from local scale-invariant features
Lowe, D. G. (1999) · Proceedings of the Seventh IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision · doi:10.1109/iccv.1999.790410 · Cited by 16,472
The use of the area under the ROC curve in the evaluation of machine learning algorithms
Bradley, A. P. (1997) · Pattern Recognition · doi:10.1016/s0031-3203(96)00142-2 · Cited by 7,217
How transferable are features in deep neural networks?
Yosinski, J., Clune, J., Bengio, Y., & Lipson, H. (2014) · arXiv · doi:10.48550/arxiv.1411.1792 · Cited by 6,061
Face Description with Local Binary Patterns: Application to Face Recognition
Ahonen, T., Hadid, A., & Pietikainen, M. (2006) · IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence · doi:10.1109/tpami.2006.244 · Cited by 5,584
Cited by
A Survey on ensemble learning under the era of deep learning
Yang, Y., Lv, H., & Chen, N. (2023) · Artificial Intelligence Review · doi:10.1007/s10462-022-10283-5 · Cited by 369
Deep learning for diabetic retinopathy detection and classification based on fundus images: A review
Tsiknakis, N., Theodoropoulos, D., Manikis, G., Ktistakis, E., Boutsora, O., Berto, A., Scarpa, F., Scarpa, A., Fotiadis, D. I., & Marias, K. (2021) · Computers in Biology and Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.compbiomed.2021.104599 · Cited by 328
Bernardini, M., Doinychko, A., Romeo, L., Frontoni, E., & Amini, M.-R. (2023) · Computers in Biology and Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.compbiomed.2023.107188 · Cited by 42
Elsharkawy, M., Elrazzaz, M., Sharafeldeen, A., Alhalabi, M., Khalifa, F., Soliman, A., Elnakib, A., Mahmoud, A., Ghazal, M., El-Daydamony, E., et al. (2022) · Sensors · doi:10.3390/s22093490 · Cited by 38
Metadata
- Authors
- Qummar, S., Khan, F. G., Shah, S., Khan, A., Shamshirband, S., Rehman, Z. U., Ahmed Khan, I., & Jadoon, W.
- Venue
- IEEE Access
- Published
- 2019
- Volume
- 7
- Pages
- 150530-150539
- ISSN
- 2169-3536 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2980444207
- Cited by
- 622
- References
- 30
- FWCI
- 33.15
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: A Deep Learning Ensemble Approach for Diabetic Retinopathy Detection. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1109/access.2019.2947484
- The paper
- Qummar, S., Khan, F. G., Shah, S., Khan, A., Shamshirband, S., Rehman, Z. U., Ahmed Khan, I., & Jadoon, W. (2019). A Deep Learning Ensemble Approach for Diabetic Retinopathy Detection. IEEE Access. https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2947484
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.