Cited by 94Chaos-based Image/Signal EncryptionComputer Science and EngineeringAdvanced Steganography and Watermarking Techniques

Color Image Encryption Algorithm Based on DNA Coding and Double Chaos System

Open access
Liu, Qian, Liu, Lingfeng·2020·IEEE Access

Abstract

This paper combines DNA computing with double-chaos systems and proposes an algorithm for color image encryption at the bit level. First, we use Arnold algorithm to scramble the three components of the color image, and the number of iterations was determined by the average of the three components, which improved the scrambling effect of Arnold algorithm. Secondly, after a lot of experiments, we propose a double-chaos system composed of Lorenz chaotic mapping with variable parameters and fourth-order Rossler hyperchaotic mapping to generate three sets of chaotic sequences for diffusion operation. The double-chaos system compensates the pseudo-randomness of the two types of chaotic mappings, making chaotic sequences more difficult to predict. Then, we transform the chaotic component images and chaotic sequences into DNA sequences in accordance with eight DNA coding rules, and the coding rules are determined by plaintext information or generated chaotic sequences. We also perform addition, subtraction, and XOR operations on them. DNA computation can realize color image bit-level diffusion and reduce the computational cost. The plaintext information is embedded in the encryption process to achieve “One-Time Pad”. Simulation experiments and detailed analysis are conducted with the proposed encryption scheme to prove that the algorithm has good security performance and can effectively resist all types of attacks, indicating that the proposed algorithm is competitive.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1109/access.2020.2991420

Cites

5 of 5 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

  • Chaotic systems are highly suitable for cryptographic applications because of their extreme sensitivity to initial conditions, long-term unpredictability, and strong pseudorandomness.

    “Chaotic systems are characterised by their extreme sensitivity to initial conditions and system parameters, resulting in extreme complexity, deterministic and nonlinear characteristics. These properties render chaotic systems highly suitable for cryptographic applications”

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Research works printed but not linked: 35

  1. X. Wu, K. Wang, X. Wang, H. Kan, and J. Kurths, ''Color image DNA encryption using NCA map-based CML and one-time keys,'' Signal Pro- cess., vol. 148, pp. 272-287, Jul. 2018.
  2. J. Fridrich, ''Symmetric ciphers based on two-dimensional chaotic maps,'' Int. J. Bifurcation Chaos, vol. 08, no. 06, pp. 1259-1284, Jun. 1998.
  3. N. K. Pareek, V. Patidar, and K. K. Sud, ''Image encryption using chaotic logistic map,'' Image Vis. Comput., vol. 24, no. 9, pp. 926-934, Sep. 2006.
  4. G. Ye and K.-W. Wong, ''An efficient chaotic image encryption algorithm based on a generalized arnold map,'' Nonlinear Dyn., vol. 69, no. 4, pp. 2079-2087, Sep. 2012.
  5. Y. Zhou, L. Bao, and C. L. P. Chen, ''A new 1D chaotic sys- tem for image encryption,'' Signal Process., vol. 97, pp. 172-182, Apr. 2014.
  6. M. Mollaeefar, A. Sharif, and M. Nazari, ''A novel encryption scheme for colored image based on high level chaotic maps,'' Multimedia Tools Appl., vol. 76, no. 1, pp. 607-629, Jan. 2017.
  7. H. Liu, X. Wang, and A. Kadir, ''Color image encryption using Cho- quet fuzzy integral and hyper chaotic system,'' Optik, vol. 124, no. 18, pp. 3527-3533, Sep. 2013.
  8. A. Kadir, A. Hamdulla, and W.-Q. Guo, ''Color image encryption using skew tent map and hyper chaotic system of 6th-order CNN,'' Optik, vol. 125, no. 5, pp. 1671-1675, Mar. 2014.
  9. X. Wei, L. Guo, Q. Zhang, J. Zhang, and S. Lian, ''A novel color image encryption algorithm based on DNA sequence operation and hyper-chaotic system,'' J. Syst. Softw., vol. 85, no. 2, pp. 290-299, Feb. 2012.
  10. Q. Zhang, L. Guo, and X. Wei, ''A novel image fusion encryption algorithm based on DNA sequence operation and hyper-chaotic system,'' Optik Int. J. Light Electron Opt., vol. 124, no. 18, pp. 3596-3600, Sep. 2013.
  11. C. Li, S. Li, G. Chen, and W. A. Halang, ''Cryptanalysis of an image encryption scheme based on a compound chaotic sequence,'' Image Vis. Comput., vol. 27, no. 8, pp. 1035-1039, Jul. 2009.
  12. E. Solak, R. Rhouma, and S. Belghith, ''Cryptanalysis of a multi-chaotic systems based image cryptosystem,'' Opt. Commun., vol. 283, no. 2, pp. 232-236, Jan. 2010.
  13. Y. Zhang and D. Xiao, ''Cryptanalysis of S-box-only chaotic image ciphers against chosen plaintext attack,'' Nonlinear Dyn., vol. 72, no. 4, pp. 751-756, Jun. 2013.
  14. Ü. Çavuşoğlu, S. Kaçar, I. Pehlivan, and A. Zengin, ''Secure image encryp- tion algorithm design using a novel chaos based S-Box,'' Chaos, Solitons Fractals, vol. 95, pp. 92-101, Feb. 2017.
  15. A. A. A. El-Latif, L. Li, N. Wang, Q. Han, and X. Niu, ''A new approach to chaotic image encryption based on quantum chaotic system, exploiting color spaces,'' Signal Process., vol. 93, no. 11, pp. 2986-3000, Nov. 2013.
  16. J. Liu, H. Jin, L. Ma, Y. Li, and W. Jin, ''Optical color image encryption based on computer generated hologram and chaotic theory,'' Opt. Com- mun., vol. 307, pp. 76-79, Oct. 2013.
  17. D. Huo, D.-F. Zhou, S. Yuan, S. Yi, L. Zhang, and X. Zhou, ''Image encryption using exclusive-OR with DNA complementary rules and double random phase encoding,'' Phys. Lett. A, vol. 383, no. 9, pp. 915-922, Feb. 2019.
  18. Y. Dou, X. Liu, H. Fan, and M. Li, ''Cryptanalysis of a DNA and chaos based image encryption algorithm,'' Optik, vol. 145, pp. 456-464, Sep. 2017.
  19. J. Wu, X. Liao, and B. Yang, ''Image encryption using 2D Hénon- sine map and DNA approach,'' Signal Process., vol. 153, pp. 11-23, Dec. 2018.
  20. G. Maddodi, A. Awad, D. Awad, M. Awad, and B. Lee, ''A new image encryption algorithm based on heterogeneous chaotic neural network generator and dna encoding,'' Multimedia Tools Appl., vol. 77, no. 19, pp. 24701-24725, Oct. 2018.
  21. Q. Zhang and X. Wei, ''A novel couple images encryption algorithm based on DNA subsequence operation and chaotic system,'' Optik, vol. 124, no. 23, pp. 6276-6281, Dec. 2013.
  22. R. Enayatifar, A. H. Abdullah, and I. F. Isnin, ''Chaos-based image encryp- tion using a hybrid genetic algorithm and a DNA sequence,'' Opt. Lasers Eng., vol. 56, pp. 83-93, May 2014.
  23. T. Hu, Y. Liu, L.-H. Gong, S.-F. Guo, and H.-M. Yuan, ''Chaotic image cryptosystem using DNA deletion and DNA insertion,'' Signal Process., vol. 134, pp. 234-243, May 2017.
  24. L. Liu, Q. Zhang, and X. Wei, ''A RGB image encryption algorithm based on DNA encoding and chaos map,'' Comput. Electr. Eng., vol. 38, no. 5, pp. 1240-1248, Sep. 2012.
  25. X.-Y. Wang, H.-L. Zhang, and X.-M. Bao, ''Color image encryption scheme using CML and DNA sequence operations,'' Biosystems, vol. 144, pp. 18-26, Jun. 2016.
  26. H. Liu, X. Wang, and A. Kadir, ''Image encryption using DNA com- plementary rule and chaotic maps,'' Appl. Soft Comput., vol. 12, no. 5, pp. 1457-1466, May 2012.
  27. A. R. Rehman, X. Liao, M. A. Hahsmi, and R. Haider, ''An efficient mixed inter-intra pixels substitution at 2bits-level for image encryption tech- nique using DNA and chaos,'' Optik Int. J. Light Electron Opt., vol. 153, pp. 117-134, Jan. 2018.
  28. Y. Zhang, D. Xiao, W. Wen, and K.-W. Wong, ''On the security of sym- metric ciphers based on DNA coding,'' Inf. Sci., vol. 289, pp. 254-261, Dec. 2014.
  29. R. Guesmi, M. A. B. Farah, A. Kachouri, and M. Samet, ''A novel chaos-based image encryption using DNA sequence operation and secure hash algorithm SHA-2,'' Nonlinear Dyn., vol. 83, no. 3, pp. 1123-1136, Feb. 2016.
  30. P. Zhen, G. Zhao, L. Min, and X. Jin, ''Chaos-based image encryption scheme combining DNA coding and entropy,'' Multimedia Tools Appl., vol. 75, no. 11, pp. 6303-6319, Jun. 2016.
  31. Y.-Q. Zhang, X.-Y. Wang, J. Liu, and Z.-L. Chi, ''An image encryption scheme based on the MLNCML system using DNA sequences,'' Opt. Lasers Eng., vol. 82, pp. 95-103, Jul. 2016.
  32. A. Awad and A. Miri, ''A new image encryption algorithm based on a chaotic DNA substitution method,'' in Proc. IEEE Int. Conf. Commun. (ICC), Jun. 2012, pp. 1011-1015, doi: 10.1109/icc.2012.6363965. · DOI
  33. M. Mahmud, A. R. Rahman, M. Lee, and J.-Y. Choi, ''Evolutionary-based image encryption using RNA codons truth table,'' Opt. Laser Technol., vol. 121, Jan. 2020, Art. no. 105818.
  34. Y.-Q. Zhang and X.-Y. Wang, ''A symmetric image encryption algorithm based on mixed linear-nonlinear coupled map lattice,'' Inf. Sci., vol. 273, pp. 329-351, Jul. 2014.
  35. G. Ye and X. Huang, ''An efficient symmetric image encryption algo- rithm based on an intertwining logistic map,'' Neurocomputing, vol. 251, pp. 45-53, Aug. 2017.

Authors
Liu, Q., & Liu, L.
Affiliations
Nanchang University (CN)
Venue
IEEE Access
Published
2020
Volume
8
Pages
83596-83610
ISSN
2169-3536 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W3021781350
Cited by
94
References
5
Citations by year
2026: 13 · 2025: 16 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 25 · 2022: 17 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 2
FWCI
4.96
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • IEEE Access (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Funders
National Natural Science Foundation of China (61862042)
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition › Chaos-based Image/Signal Encryption
  • Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Artificial Intelligence › Computer Science and Engineering
  • Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition › Advanced Steganography and Watermarking Techniques
Keywords
color image encryption, DNA coding, Arnold cat map, one-time pad, chaotic sequences, image scrambling, encryption security

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review