The DOI matches its Crossref record; 2 of the 2 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Real-time combined 2D+3D active appearance models
Abstract
Active appearance models (AAMs) are generative models commonly used to model faces. Another closely related types of face models are 3D morphable models (3DMMs). Although AAMs are 2D, they can still be used to model 3D phenomena such as faces moving across pose. We first study the representational power of AAMs and show that they can model anything a 3DMM can, but possibly require more shape parameters. We quantify the number of additional parameters required and show that 2D AAMs can generate model instances that are not possible with the equivalent 3DMM. We proceed to describe how a non-rigid structure-from-motion algorithm can be used to construct the corresponding 3D shape modes of a 2D AAM. We then show how the 3D modes can be used to constrain the AAM so that it can only generate model instances that can also be generated with the 3D modes. Finally, we propose a real-time algorithm for fitting the AAM while enforcing the constraints, creating what we call a "combined 2D+3D AAM".
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Cites
Cootes, T. F., Edwards, G. J., & Taylor, C. J. (2001) · IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence · doi:10.1109/34.927467 · Cited by 5,409
Efficient region tracking with parametric models of geometry and illumination
Hager, G. D., & Belhumeur, P. N. (1998) · IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence · doi:10.1109/34.722606 · Cited by 1,066
Cited by
Koller, O., Forster, J., & Ney, H. (2015) · Computer Vision and Image Understanding · doi:10.1016/j.cviu.2015.09.013 · Cited by 533
Romdhani, S., & Vetter, T. (2005) · 2005 IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR'05) · doi:10.1109/cvpr.2005.145 · Cited by 299
Machine Analysis of Facial Expressions
Pantic, M., & Stewart, M. (2007) · Face Recognition · doi:10.5772/4847 · Cited by 248
3-D Face Detection, Landmark Localization, and Registration Using a Point Distribution Model
Nair, P., & Cavallaro, A. (2009) · IEEE Transactions on Multimedia · doi:10.1109/tmm.2009.2017629 · Cited by 135
Metadata
- Authors
- Xiao, J., Baker, S., Matthews, I., & Kanade, T.
- Venue
- Proceedings of the 2004 IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, 2004. CVPR 2004.
- Publisher
- IEEE
- Published
- 2004-11-13
- Volume
- 2
- Pages
- 535-542
- ISSN
- 1063-6919 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2128958079
- Cited by
- 416
- References
- 2
- FWCI
- 22.79
- Type
- conference paper
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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- Xiao, J., Baker, S., Matthews, I., & Kanade, T. (2004). Real-time combined 2D+3D active appearance models. Proceedings of the 2004 IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, 2004. CVPR 2004. https://doi.org/10.1109/cvpr.2004.1315210
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Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
