The DOI matches its Crossref record; 3 of the 3 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Baking Neural Radiance Fields for Real-Time View Synthesis
Open accessAbstract
Neural volumetric representations such as Neural Radiance Fields (NeRF) have emerged as a compelling technique for learning to represent 3D scenes from images with the goal of rendering photorealistic images of the scene from unobserved viewpoints. However, NeRF’s computational requirements are prohibitive for real-time applications: rendering views from a trained NeRF requires querying a multilayer perceptron (MLP) hundreds of times per ray. We present a method to train a NeRF, then precompute and store (i.e. "bake") it as a novel representation called a Sparse Neural Radiance Grid (SNeRG) that enables real-time rendering on commodity hardware. To achieve this, we introduce 1) a reformulation of NeRF’s architecture, and 2) a sparse voxel grid representation with learned feature vectors. The resulting scene representation retains NeRF’s ability to render fine geometric details and view-dependent appearance, is compact (averaging less than 90 MB per scene), and can be rendered in real-time (higher than 30 frames per second on a laptop GPU). Actual screen captures are shown in our video.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Image quality assessment: from error visibility to structural similarity
Wang, Z., Bovik, A. C., Sheikh, H. R., & Simoncelli, E. P. (2004) · IEEE Transactions on Image Processing · doi:10.1109/tip.2003.819861 · Cited by 57,892
The Unreasonable Effectiveness of Deep Features as a Perceptual Metric
Zhang, R., Isola, P., Efros, A. A., Shechtman, E., & Wang, O. (2018) · 2018 IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · doi:10.1109/cvpr.2018.00068 · Cited by 14,623
Fourier Features Let Networks Learn High Frequency Functions in Low Dimensional Domains
Tancik, M., Srinivasan, P. P., Mildenhall, B., Fridovich-Keil, S., Raghavan, N., Singhal, U., Ramamoorthi, R., Barron, J. T., & Ng, R. (2020) · arXiv · doi:10.48550/arxiv.2006.10739 · Cited by 1,459
Self-citation
Cited by
3D Gaussian Splatting for Real-Time Radiance Field Rendering
Kerbl, B., Kopanas, G., Leimkuehler, T., & Drettakis, G. (2023) · ACM Transactions on Graphics · doi:10.1145/3592433 · Cited by 6,025
Direct Voxel Grid Optimization: Super-fast Convergence for Radiance Fields Reconstruction
Sun, C., Sun, M., & Chen, H.-T. (2022) · 2022 IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR) · doi:10.1109/cvpr52688.2022.00538 · Cited by 939
PlenOctrees for Real-time Rendering of Neural Radiance Fields
Yu, A., Li, R., Tancik, M., Li, H., Ng, R., & Kanazawa, A. (2021) · 2021 IEEE/CVF International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV) · doi:10.1109/iccv48922.2021.00570 · Cited by 854
KiloNeRF: Speeding up Neural Radiance Fields with Thousands of Tiny MLPs
Reiser, C., Peng, S., Liao, Y., & Geiger, A. (2021) · 2021 IEEE/CVF International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV) · doi:10.1109/iccv48922.2021.01407 · Cited by 668
RegNeRF: Regularizing Neural Radiance Fields for View Synthesis from Sparse Inputs
Niemeyer, M., Barron, J. T., Mildenhall, B., Sajjadi, M. S. M., Geiger, A., & Radwan, N. (2022) · 2022 IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR) · doi:10.1109/cvpr52688.2022.00540 · Cited by 609
Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Hedman, P., Srinivasan, P. P., Mildenhall, B., Barron, J. T., & Debevec, P.
- Venue
- 2021 IEEE/CVF International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV)
- Publisher
- IEEE
- Published
- 2021-10
- Pages
- 5855-5864
- OpenAlex
- W3202753943
- Cited by
- 451
- References
- 3
- FWCI
- 65.31
- Type
- conference paper
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Baking Neural Radiance Fields for Real-Time View Synthesis. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1109/iccv48922.2021.00582
- The paper
- Hedman, P., Srinivasan, P. P., Mildenhall, B., Barron, J. T., & Debevec, P. (2021). Baking Neural Radiance Fields for Real-Time View Synthesis. 2021 IEEE/CVF International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV). https://doi.org/10.1109/iccv48922.2021.00582
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
