Smart Insole-Based Indoor Localization System for Internet of Things Applications
Abstract
With the development of Internet of Things (IoT), indoor localization has been a research focus in recent years. For inertial measurement unit (IMU)-based indoor localization method, zero velocity update (ZUPT) uses the known velocity at stationary epoch as a benchmark to calibrate the velocity drift. However, stationary epoch only takes up 24% of a whole gait cycle time, and the velocity drift at the remaining 76% time is usually estimated according to an assumption that velocity has a linear drift over time, which would introduce errors. In this paper, a two-step velocity calibration method was proposed based on human gait characteristics with Smart Insole: known velocity update (KUPT) and double-foot position calibration (DFPC). KUPT could measure the velocity from heel-strike to toe-off based on the recorded real-time foot angle and the shoe dimensions, which increases the time period when the velocity could be measured from 24% to 62% of a whole gait cycle time. DFPC method could fuse the position information of both feet based on the symmetrical characteristic of human gait to further increase the reliability of the localization results. The statistical result of a 20 times 20-m walking experiment showed that KUPT method was more accurate and reliable than ZUPT method for both feet, and DFPC method could further improve the result of KUPT method. Another experiment about walking in an indoor environment for 91 m showed that the proposed KUPT+DFPC method had an error of about 0.78 m which is acceptable for most IoT applications.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
By using a context-aware knowledge algorithm, user identity could be inferred.
“However, it was observed that by using a context-aware knowledge algorithm, the user identity could be inferred [26].”
From Federated Learning for Privacy Preservation in Smart Healthcare Systems: A Comprehensive Survey (2023) · cites this paper as [26]
Cites
A survey of indoor positioning systems for wireless personal networks
Gu, Y., Lo, A., & Niemegeers, I. G. M. M. (2009) · IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials · doi:10.1109/surv.2009.090103 · Cited by 1,542 · see citing works
Pedestrian Tracking with Shoe-Mounted Inertial Sensors
Foxlin, E. M. (2005) · IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications · doi:10.1109/mcg.2005.140 · Cited by 1,409 · see citing works
Smart Homes that Monitor Breathing and Heart Rate
Adib, F., Mao, H., Kabelac, Z., Katabi, D., & Miller, R. C. (2015) · Proceedings of the 33rd Annual ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems · doi:10.1145/2702123.2702200 · Cited by 916 · see citing works
Ranging in a dense multipath environment using an UWB radio link
Lee, J.-Y., & Scholtz, R. A. (2002) · IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications · doi:10.1109/jsac.2002.805060 · Cited by 804 · see citing works
An introduction to inertial navigation
Woodman, O. J. (2021) · doi:10.48456/tr-696 · Cited by 797 · see citing works
Zero-Velocity Detection—An Algorithm Evaluation
Skog, I., Händel, P., Nilsson, J.-O., & Rantakokko, J. (2010) · IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering · doi:10.1109/tbme.2010.2060723 · Cited by 666 · see citing works
A comparison of Pedestrian Dead-Reckoning algorithms using a low-cost MEMS IMU
Jiménez, A. R., Seco, F. A., Prieto, C., & Guevara, J. (2009) · IEEE International Symposium on Intelligent Signal Processing, · doi:10.1109/wisp.2009.5286542 · Cited by 580 · see citing works
The Effect of Age on Variability in Gait
Gabell, A., & Nayak, U. S. (1984) · Journal of Gerontology · doi:10.1093/geronj/39.6.662 · Cited by 574 · see citing works
Accurate Pedestrian Indoor Navigation by Tightly Coupling Foot-Mounted IMU and RFID Measurements
Jiménez, A. R., Seco, F. A., Prieto, J. C., & Rosas, J. I. G. (2011) · IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement · doi:10.1109/tim.2011.2159317 · Cited by 447 · see citing works
Radar system analysis and modeling
Barton, D. K. (2005) · IEEE Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine · doi:10.1109/maes.2005.1423386 · Cited by 424 · see citing works
Survey of optical indoor positioning systems
Mautz, R., & Tilch, S. (2011) · International Conference on Indoor Positioning and Indoor Navigation · doi:10.1109/ipin.2011.6071925 · Cited by 292 · see citing works
Contactless Respiration Monitoring Via Off-the-Shelf WiFi Devices
Liu, X., Cao, J., Tang, S., Wen, J., & Guo, P. (2015) · IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing · doi:10.1109/tmc.2015.2504935 · Cited by 272 · see citing works
Non-GPS Navigation for Security Personnel and First Responders
Ojeda, L., & Borenstein, J. (2007) · Journal of Navigation · doi:10.1017/s0373463307004286 · Cited by 268 · see citing works
Evaluation of zero-velocity detectors for foot-mounted inertial navigation systems
Skog, I., Nilsson, J.-O., & Handel, P. (2010) · 2010 International Conference on Indoor Positioning and Indoor Navigation · doi:10.1109/ipin.2010.5646936 · Cited by 213 · see citing works
Personal Dead-reckoning System for GPS-denied Environments
Ojeda, L., & Borenstein, J. (2007) · doi:10.1109/ssrr.2007.4381271 · Cited by 189 · see citing works
FootPath: Accurate map-based indoor navigation using smartphones
Link, J. Á. B., Smith, P., Viol, N., & Wehrle, K. (2011) · International Conference on Indoor Positioning and Indoor Navigation · doi:10.1109/ipin.2011.6071934 · Cited by 183 · see citing works
Indoor positioning using smartphone camera
Werner, M., Kessel, M., & Marouane, C. (2011) · International Conference on Indoor Positioning and Indoor Navigation · doi:10.1109/ipin.2011.6071954 · Cited by 176 · see citing works
Self-contained indoor positioning on off-the-shelf mobile devices
Gusenbauer, D., Isert, C., & Krösche, J. (2010) · International Conference on Indoor Positioning and Indoor Navigation · doi:10.1109/ipin.2010.5646681 · Cited by 172 · see citing works
Lythgo, N., Wilson, C. J., & Galea, M. P. (2009) · Gait & Posture · doi:10.1016/j.gaitpost.2009.07.119 · Cited by 169 · see citing works
Personal Navigation via High-Resolution Gait-Corrected Inertial Measurement Units
Bebek, Ö., Suster, M. A., Rajgopal, S., Fu, M. J., Huang, X., Çavuşoğlu, M. C., Young, D. J., Mehregany, M., van den Bogert, A. J., & Mastrangelo, C. H. (2010) · IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement · doi:10.1109/tim.2010.2046595 · Cited by 160 · see citing works
Tutorial: Implementing a Pedestrian Tracker Using Inertial Sensors
Fischer, C., Sukumar, P. T., & Hazas, M. (2012) · IEEE Pervasive Computing · doi:10.1109/mprv.2012.16 · Cited by 149 · see citing works
STPP: Spatial-Temporal Phase Profiling-Based Method for Relative RFID Tag Localization
Shangguan, L., Yang, Z., Liu, A. X., Zhou, Z., & Liu, Y. (2016) · IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking · doi:10.1109/tnet.2016.2590996 · Cited by 141 · see citing works
Activity Sequence-Based Indoor Pedestrian Localization Using Smartphones
Zhou, B., Li, Q., Mao, Q., Tu, W., & Zhang, X. (2014) · IEEE Transactions on Human-Machine Systems · doi:10.1109/thms.2014.2368092 · Cited by 140 · see citing works
Oguntala, G., Abd‐Alhameed, R. A., Jones, S. M., Noras, J., Patwary, M., & Rodrı́guez, J. (2018) · Computer Science Review · doi:10.1016/j.cosrev.2018.09.001 · Cited by 134 · see citing works
Norrdine, A., Kasmi, Z., & Blankenbach, J. (2016) · IEEE Sensors Journal · doi:10.1109/jsen.2016.2585599 · Cited by 116 · see citing works
Infrared Sensor System for Mobile-Robot Positioning in Intelligent Spaces
Martín-Gorostiza, E., Galilea, J. L. L., Meca, F. J. M., Salido-Monzú, D., Espinosa, F., & Puerto, L. P. (2011) · Sensors · doi:10.3390/s110505416 · Cited by 105 · see citing works
Indoor tracking for mission critical scenarios: A survey
Fuchs, C., Aschenbruck, N., Martini, P., & Wieneke, M. (2010) · Pervasive and Mobile Computing · doi:10.1016/j.pmcj.2010.07.001 · Cited by 100 · see citing works
Cooperative Sensing and Wearable Computing for Sequential Hand Gesture Recognition
Zhang, X., Yang, Z., Chen, T., Chen, D., & Huang, M.-C. (2019) · IEEE Sensors Journal · doi:10.1109/jsen.2019.2904595 · Cited by 91 · see citing works
Self-citationIndoor localization using controlled ambient sounds
Rishabh, I., Kimber, D., & Adcock, J. E. (2012) · International Conference on Indoor Positioning and Indoor Navigation · doi:10.1109/ipin.2012.6418905 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
Location-Based Services and Geo-Information Engineering
Brimicombe, A. J., & Li, C. (2009) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 79 · see citing works
Customizable Pressure Sensor Array: Design and Evaluation
Chen, D., Cai, Y. M., & Huang, M.-C. (2018) · IEEE Sensors Journal · doi:10.1109/jsen.2018.2832129 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Self-citationPedestrian Simultaneous Localization and Mapping in Multistory Buildings Using Inertial Sensors
Puyol, M. G., Bobkov, D., Robertson, P., & Jost, T. (2014) · IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems · doi:10.1109/tits.2014.2303115 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
On Calibrating the Sensor Errors of a PDR-Based Indoor Localization System
Lan, K.-C., & Shih, W.-Y. (2013) · Sensors · doi:10.3390/s130404781 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Using smart-phones and floor plans for indoor location tracking
Lan, K.-C., & Shih, W.-Y. (2014) · IEEE Transactions on Human-Machine Systems · doi:10.1109/thms.2013.2296875 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Pedestrian indoor navigation by aiding a foot-mounted IMU with RFID Signal Strength measurements
Jiménez, A. R., Granja, F. S., Honorato, J. C. P., & Rosas, J. I. G. (2010) · International Conference on Indoor Positioning and Indoor Navigation · doi:10.1109/ipin.2010.5646885 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Assessment of Foot Kinematics During Steady State Running Using a Foot-mounted IMU
Bailey, G. P., & Harle, R. K. (2014) · Procedia Engineering · doi:10.1016/j.proeng.2014.06.009 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Foot-Mounted Inertial Navigation and Cooperative Sensor Fusion for Indoor Positioning
Strömbäck, P., Rantakokko, J., Wirkander, S.-L., Alexandersson, M., Fors, K., Skog, I., & Händel, P. (2010) · Cited by 47 · see citing works
WiBall: A Time-Reversal Focusing Ball Method for Decimeter-Accuracy Indoor Tracking
Zhang, F., Chen, C., Wang, B., Lai, H.-Q., Han, Y., & Liu, K. J. R. (2018) · IEEE Internet of Things Journal · doi:10.1109/jiot.2018.2854825 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Ju, H., Lee, M. S., Park, S. Y., Song, J. W., & Park, C. G. (2015) · Measurement Science and Technology · doi:10.1088/0957-0233/27/1/015702 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
A Novel Map-Based Dead-Reckoning Algorithm for Indoor Localization
Bao, H., & Wong, W. (2014) · Journal of Sensor and Actuator Networks · doi:10.3390/jsan3010044 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
High accuracy UWB localization in dense indoor environments
Kuhn, M., Zhang, C., Merkl, B., Yang, D., Wang, Y., Mahfouz, M. R., & Fathy, A. E. (2008) · IEEE International Conference on Ultra-Wideband (ICUWB) · doi:10.1109/icuwb.2008.4653368 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
A study on indoor pedestrian localization algorithms with foot-mounted sensors
Romanovas, M., Goridko, V., Al-Jawad, A., Schwaab, M., Traechtler, M., Klingbeil, L., & Manoli, Y. (2012) · International Conference on Indoor Positioning and Indoor Navigation · doi:10.1109/ipin.2012.6418886 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Localization using infrared beacons
Brassart, É., Pégard, C., & Mouaddib, M. (2000) · Robotica · doi:10.1017/s0263574799001927 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Bumping: A Bump-Aided Inertial Navigation Method for Indoor Vehicles Using Smartphones
Tan, G., Lu, M., Jiang, F., Chen, K., Huang, X., & Wu, J. (2013) · IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems · doi:10.1109/tpds.2013.194 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
An Optimal Enhanced Kalman Filter for a ZUPT-Aided Pedestrian Positioning Coupling Model
Fan, Q., Zhang, H., Sun, Y., Zhu, Y., Zhuang, X., Jia, J., & Zhang, P. (2018) · Sensors · doi:10.3390/s18051404 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
High-precision and robust indoor localization based on foot-mounted inertial sensors
Ruppelt, J. P., Kronenwett, N., Scholz, G., & Trommer, G. F. (2016) · IEEE/ION Position Location and Navigation Symposium · doi:10.1109/plans.2016.7479684 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Chen, D., Cai, Y. M., Cui, J., Chen, J., Jiang, H., & Huang, M.-C. (2018) · Smart Health · doi:10.1016/j.smhl.2018.05.003 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Self-citationHuman Locomotion: The Conservative Management of Gait Related Disorders
Michaud, T. C. (2011) · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Romanovas, M., Goridko, V., Klingbeil, L., Bourouah, M., Al-Jawad, A., Traechtler, M., & Manoli, Y. (2013) · Lecture notes in geoinformation and cartography · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-34203-5_9 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Chen, D., Chen, J., Jiang, H., & Huang, M.-C. (2017) · IEEE/ACM Conference on Connected Health: Applications, Systems and Engineering Technologies · doi:10.1109/chase.2017.116 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Self-citationPerformance Analysis of Magnetic Indoor Local Positioning System
Wroble, K. (2015) · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Approaching on-line estimation of swimming instantaneous velocity using a wearable IMU
Dadashi, F., Millet, G. P., & Aminian, K. (2014) · Infoscience (Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne) · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
1 of the 53 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Federated Learning for Privacy Preservation in Smart Healthcare Systems: A Comprehensive Survey
Ali, M., Naeem, F., Tariq, M., & Kaddoum, G. (2023) · IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics · doi:10.1109/jbhi.2022.3181823 · Cited by 366 · see citing works
Deep-Learning-Based Pedestrian Inertial Navigation: Methods, Data Set, and On-Device Inference
Chen, C., Zhao, P., Lu, C. X., Wang, W., Markham, A., & Trigoni, N. (2020) · IEEE Internet of Things Journal · doi:10.1109/jiot.2020.2966773 · Cited by 162 · see citing works
Pedestrian Dead Reckoning With Wearable Sensors: A Systematic Review
Hou, X., & Bergmann, J. (2020) · IEEE Sensors Journal · doi:10.1109/jsen.2020.3014955 · Cited by 142 · see citing works
Ray, P. P., Dash, D., & Kumar, N. (2020) · Computer Communications · doi:10.1016/j.comcom.2020.05.029 · Cited by 117 · see citing works
Wearable Gait Recognition Systems Based on MEMS Pressure and Inertial Sensors: A Review
Li, W., Lu, W., Sha, X., Xing, H., Lou, J., Sun, H., & Zhao, Y. (2021) · IEEE Sensors Journal · doi:10.1109/jsen.2021.3131582 · Cited by 87 · see citing works
Bring Gait Lab to Everyday Life: Gait Analysis in Terms of Activities of Daily Living
Chen, D., Cai, Y. M., Qian, X., Ansari, R., Xu, W., Chu, K., & Huang, M.-C. (2019) · IEEE Internet of Things Journal · doi:10.1109/jiot.2019.2954387 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
Self-citationSmart insoles review (2008-2021): Applications, potentials, and future
Almuteb, I., Hua, R., & Wang, Y. (2022) · Smart Health · doi:10.1016/j.smhl.2022.100301 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Shi, X., Wang, Z., Zhao, H., Qiu, S., Liu, R., Lin, F., & Tang, K. W. (2022) · IEEE Transactions on Human-Machine Systems · doi:10.1109/thms.2022.3228515 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Velostat Sensor Array for Object Recognition
Yuan, L., Qu, H., & Li, J. (2021) · IEEE Sensors Journal · doi:10.1109/jsen.2021.3132793 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Personalized Stride-Length Estimation Based on Active Online Learning
Wang, Q., Luo, H., Ye, L., Men, A., Zhao, F., Huang, Y., & Ou, C. (2020) · IEEE Internet of Things Journal · doi:10.1109/jiot.2020.2971318 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Spatial-temporal constrained particle filter for cooperative target tracking
Xu, C., Wang, X., Duan, S., & Wan, J. (2020) · Journal of Network and Computer Applications · doi:10.1016/j.jnca.2020.102913 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Ubiquitous Fall Hazard Identification With Smart Insole
Chen, D., Asaeikheybari, G., Chen, H., Xu, W., & Huang, M.-C. (2020) · IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics · doi:10.1109/jbhi.2020.3046701 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Self-citationA survey of Internet of medical things: technology, application and future directions
He, P., Huang, D., Wu, D., He, H., Wei, Y., Cui, Y., Wang, R., & Peng, L. (2024) · Digital Communications and Networks · doi:10.1016/j.dcan.2024.11.013 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Textile-film sensors for a comfortable intelligent pressure-sensing insole
He, Y., Lin, M., Wang, X., Liu, K., Liu, H., He, T., & Zhou, P. (2021) · Measurement · doi:10.1016/j.measurement.2021.109943 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Precise step counting algorithm for pedestrians using ultra-low-cost foot-mounted accelerometer
Bi, J., Wang, J., Yu, B., Yao, G., Wang, Y., Cao, H., Huang, L. H., & Xing, H. (2025) · Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence · doi:10.1016/j.engappai.2025.110619 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Self-citationFloor Map-Aware Particle Filtering Based Indoor Navigation System
Junoh, S. A., Subedi, S., & Pyun, J.-Y. (2021) · IEEE Access · doi:10.1109/access.2021.3102992 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Mode-Independent Stride Length Estimation With IMUs in Smartphones
Bo, F., Li, J., & Wang, W. (2022) · IEEE Sensors Journal · doi:10.1109/jsen.2022.3148313 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Smart Cushion-Based Activity Recognition: Prompting Users to Maintain a Healthy Seated Posture
Ma, C., Li, W., Gravina, R., Du, J., Li, Q., & Fortino, G. (2020) · IEEE Systems Man and Cybernetics Magazine · doi:10.1109/msmc.2019.2962226 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Zheng, J., Cao, H., Chen, D., Ansari, R., Chu, K.-C., & Huang, M.-C. (2020) · IEEE Sensors Journal · doi:10.1109/jsen.2020.2986768 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Self-citationSmart IoT System for Automatic Detection and Protection from Indoor Hazards: An Experimental Study
Islam, R., Hossain, M. I., Rahman, M. S., Kabir, S., Sohan, M. S. R., & Shufian, A. (2022) · IEEE Region Humanitarian Technology Conference · doi:10.1109/r10-htc54060.2022.9929677 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
A survey of step length estimation models based on inertial sensors for indoor navigation systems
Soni, R., & Trapasiya, S. (2021) · International Journal of Communication Systems · doi:10.1002/dac.5053 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Wearable-Gait-Analysis-Based Activity Recognition: A Review
Ansah, S., & Chen, D. (2022) · International Journal on Smart Sensing and Intelligent Systems · doi:10.2478/ijssis-2022-0021 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Self-citationXia, M. Y., & Shi, C. (2020) · IEEE Access · doi:10.1109/access.2020.3000313 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Smart Insole Based Shuffling Detection System for Improved Gait Analysis in Parkinson’s Disease
Ansah, S., Olugbon, F., Arthanat, S., LaRoche, D. P., & Chen, D. (2023) · Wearable and Implantable Body Sensor Networks · doi:10.1109/bsn58485.2023.10331076 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Self-citationShi, X., Wang, Z., Qiu, S., Lin, F., Liu, R., Tang, K. W., Hou, P., Chu, Q., & Chen, Y. (2025) · Information Fusion · doi:10.1016/j.inffus.2025.103115 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Real-Time Pedestrian Tracking Terminal Based on Adaptive Zero Velocity Update
Wei, R., Xu, H., Yang, M., Yu, X., Xiao, Z., & Yan, B. (2021) · Sensors · doi:10.3390/s21113808 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Hua, R., Marin-Quiros, S., Mohan, H. K., & Wang, Y. (2022) · Review of Scientific Instruments · doi:10.1063/5.0091254 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
The Extended Kalman Filter With Reduced Computation Time for Pedestrian Dead Reckoning
Yamagishi, S., & Jing, L. (2023) · IEEE Sensors Letters · doi:10.1109/lsens.2023.3331513 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Zero Velocity Detection for Pedestrian Inertial Navigation Based on Spatiotemporal Feature Fusion
Wang, X., Feng, K., Li, J., Guo, X., Han, H., & Cao, S. (2024) · IEEE Sensors Journal · doi:10.1109/jsen.2024.3491161 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Lakshmanan, L., Gupta, M. D., Fatema, A., & Hussain, A. M. (2023) · IEEE International Conference on Flexible and Printable Sensors and Systems (FLEPS) · doi:10.1109/fleps57599.2023.10220401 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
A Cost Effective Smart Insole System for Real Time Gait Analysis
Antoniou, N., Hadjiantonis, A. M., Kyriacou, C., & Konstantinidis, A. (2023) · Proceedings of IEEE Sensors/Proceedings of IEEE Sensors ... · doi:10.1109/sensors56945.2023.10325292 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
A Feasible Model Training for LSTM-Based Dual Foot-Mounted Pedestrian INS
Wu, C.-J., Kuo, C., Lin, Y., & Liu, W. (2021) · IEEE Sensors Journal · doi:10.1109/jsen.2021.3070534 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Stride Length Estimation with Motion Data from the Contralateral Foot
Ansah, S., & Chen, D. (2025) · IEEE/ACM Conference on Connected Health: Applications, Systems and Engineering Technologies · doi:10.1145/3721201.3724418 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Self-citation(2023) · Academic Journal of Agricultural Sciences · doi:10.38007/ajas.2023.040104 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Psychological and physiological computing based on multi-dimensional foot information
Li, S., Yao, H., Peng, R., Ma, Y., Zhang, B., Zhao, Z., Zhang, J., Chen, S., Wu, S., & Shu, L. (2025) · Artificial Intelligence Review · doi:10.1007/s10462-024-11087-5 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Ying, Q., Cao, Z., Wu, Z., Deng, W., Zhong, Y., Diao, Y., & Cai, X. (2025) · Proceedings of the ACM on Interactive Mobile Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies · doi:10.1145/3749551 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Yamagishi, S., & Jing, L. (2024) · IEEE Journal of Indoor and Seamless Positioning and Navigation · doi:10.1109/jispin.2024.3509801 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
MKC-LSSVM: A Robust Motion Classification for ZUPT of Foot-Mounted Inertial Navigation
Wang, G., Zhou, D., Yang, C., & Ma, L. (2025) · IEEE Sensors Journal · doi:10.1109/jsen.2025.3554016 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Ghoreishi, N., Olugbon, F., LaCourse, J. R., Arthanat, S., LaRoche, D. P., & Chen, D. (2023) · IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference (BioCAS) · doi:10.1109/biocas58349.2023.10388547 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Self-citationInertial Sensors Integrated with Clothing to Localize People Inside Buildings
Kawecki, J., Oleksy, P., & Januszkiewicz, Ł. (2020) · International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications · doi:10.24425/ijet.2019.130265 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Novel Indoor Sensor/Access-Point Placement for Full Line-of-Sight (LoS) Coverage
Gadiraju, V. M., Tsai, H.-Y., Neupane, P., Wu, H., & Huang, S. C.-H. (2025) · IEEE Sensors Journal · doi:10.1109/jsen.2025.3535661 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Internet of Things Technologies for Occupational Health and Safety: A Review
Zikas, S., Panagiotakopoulos, T., & Kiouvrekis, Y. (2026) · Internet of Things · doi:10.1016/j.iot.2026.101886 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Ansah, S., & Chen, D. (2026) · IEEE Access · doi:10.1109/access.2026.3661925 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Self-citationHuman Bipedal Locomotion-Based Indoor Location Tracking Using Fiber-Optic Sensors
Guan, Q., Chen, T., Ding, L., Zhong, S., & Wang, G. (2024) · IEEE Sensors Journal · doi:10.1109/jsen.2024.3370100 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Time-Reversal-Based Correction Algorithms for $\omega$-Free Trajectory Reconstruction Method
Liu, X., Zhou, Q., Cheng, C., & Wang, X. (2024) · IEEE Signal Processing Letters · doi:10.1109/lsp.2024.3363633
Detecting Feet's Bending Patterns With Smart Insoles
Zhong, Y., Ying, Q., & Cai, X. (2024) · IEEE International Conference on Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning (PRML) · doi:10.1109/prml62565.2024.10779792
Yu, X., Chen, M., Zhang, G., & Li, W. J. (2024) · IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Biomimetics (ROBIO) · doi:10.1109/robio64047.2024.10907544
Personalization of optimizing athlete training plans using gated recurrent unit (GRU)
Zhang, S., & Toldoya, J. A. D. (2025) · Journal of Computational Methods in Sciences and Engineering · doi:10.1177/14727978251358609
Orthotic Footwear Designed for Individuals with Clubfoot and Ankle Misalignment
Sharmila, P., Jegatha, R., Ilakkiya, J., Archana, B., Swathy, S., & Dharshini, K. (2026) · International Conference on Emerging Trends and Innovations in ICT (ICEI) · doi:10.1109/icei65890.2026.11447653
Jia, H., Yu, B., Li, H., Pan, S., & Du, D. (2026) · IEEE Sensors Journal · doi:10.1109/jsen.2026.3682561
Ghoreishi, N., Ansah, S., Lu, J., Lu, W., Moon, S., Delgado, F., & Chen, D. (2026) · JMIR mhealth and uhealth · doi:10.2196/93877
Self-citation
- Authors
- Chen, D., Cao, H., Chen, H., Zhu, Z., Qian, X., Xu, W., & Huang, M.-C.
- Affiliations
- Case Western Reserve University (US)
- University at Buffalo, State University of New York (US)
- Venue
- IEEE Internet of Things Journal
- Published
- 2019-08
- Volume
- 6
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 7253-7265
- ISSN
- 2327-4662 (ISSN-L)
- 2372-2541
- OpenAlex
- W2944417826
- Cited by
- 51
- References
- 53
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 1
- FWCI
- 2.25
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- Locations
- IEEE Internet of Things Journal (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Science Foundation (NSF-1664368)
- Ohio Bureau of Workers’ Compensation: Ohio Occupational Safety and Health Research Program
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Aerospace Engineering › Inertial Sensor and Navigation
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Gait Recognition and Analysis
- Keywords
- indoor positioning, smart insoles, inertial measurement unit, zero velocity update, human walking, foot angle, wearable sensors, Internet of Things
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review