The DOI matches its Crossref record; 5 of the 5 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
A 28-nm Compute SRAM With Bit-Serial Logic/Arithmetic Operations for Programmable In-Memory Vector Computing
Abstract
This article proposes a general-purpose hybrid in-/near-memory compute SRAM (CRAM) that combines an 8T transposable bit cell with vector-based, bit-serial in-memory arithmetic to accommodate a wide range of bit-widths, from single to 32 or 64 bits, as well as a complete set of operation types, including integer and floating-point addition, multiplication, and division. This approach provides the flexibility and programmability necessary for evolving software algorithms ranging from neural networks to graph and signal processing. The proposed design was implemented in a small Internet of Things (IoT) processor in the 28-nm CMOS consisting of a Cortex-M0 CPU and 8 CRAM banks of 16 kB each (128 kB total). The system achieves 475-MHz operation at 1.1 V and, with all CRAMs active, produces 30 GOPS or 1.4 GFLOPS on 32-bit operands. It achieves an energy efficiency of 0.56 TOPS/W for 8-bit multiplication and 5.27 TOPS/W for 8-bit addition at 0.6 V and 114 MHz.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Processing in-static/dynamic RAM has recently been studied as an in-memory computing paradigm to tackle the data movement (von Neumann) bottleneck in modern computing systems.
“SRAM and DRAM, for example, are commercially applied in CPUs for storage in multiple hierarchy levels, from the cache to the main memory [150]; thus, as Table 1 indicates, processing in-static/dynamic RAM has recently been studied as an in-memory computing paradigm to tackle the data movement (von Neumann) bottleneck in modern computing systems.”
From Brain-inspired computing systems: a systematic literature review (2024) · cites this paper as [150]
Citations
Cites
Deep Residual Learning for Image Recognition
He, K., Zhang, X., Ren, S., & Sun, J. (2016) · 2016 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR) · doi:10.1109/cvpr.2016.90 · Cited by 235,474
ImageNet classification with deep convolutional neural networks
Krizhevsky, A., Sutskever, I., & Hinton, G. E. (2017) · Communications of the ACM · doi:10.1145/3065386 · Cited by 112,155
LeCun, Y., Bengio, Y., & Hinton, G. (2015) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature14539 · Cited by 84,126
Biswas, A., & Chandrakasan, A. P. (2019) · IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits · doi:10.1109/jssc.2018.2880918 · Cited by 414
A 64-Tile 2.4-Mb In-Memory-Computing CNN Accelerator Employing Charge-Domain Compute
Valavi, H., Ramadge, P. J., Nestler, E., & Verma, N. (2019) · IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits · doi:10.1109/jssc.2019.2899730 · Cited by 328
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 31
- 2018, Cuda-convnet
- 2017, ARM Cortex-M Series
- 10.1109/ISCA.2018.00040 · DOI
- seo, 2011, A 45 nm CMOS neuromorphic chip with a scalable architecture for learning in networks of spiking neurons, Proc IEEE Custom Integr Circuits Conf (CICC), 1
- 10.1109/JSSC.2018.2841824 · DOI
- 10.1109/ISCA.2018.00040 · DOI
- 10.1145/3123939.3123977 · DOI
- 10.1109/HPCA.2016.7446049 · DOI
- chen, 2018, A 65 nm 1 Mb nonvolatile computing-in-memory ReRAM macro with sub-16 ns multiply-and-accumulate for binary DNN AI edge processors, IEEE Int Solid-State Circuits Conf (ISSCC) Dig Tech Papers, 494
- 10.1109/CICC.2017.7993629 · DOI
- 10.1109/JSSC.2016.2642198 · DOI
- 10.1109/JSSC.2017.2782087 · DOI
- 10.1109/ISSCC.2019.8662435 · DOI
- jia, 2018, A microprocessor implemented in 65 nm CMOS with configurable and bit-scalable accelerator for programmable in-memory computing, arXiv 1811 04047
- 10.1109/JSSC.2018.2871623 · DOI
- 10.1145/3140659.3080246 · DOI
- 10.1109/JSSC.2018.2865489 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1109/CICC.1992.591879 · DOI
- 10.1109/ICRC.2016.7738698 · DOI
- horowitz, 2014, Computing’s energy problem (and what we can do about it), IEEE ISSCC Dig Tech Papers, 10
- 10.1109/JSSC.2018.2885559 · DOI
- 10.1109/JSSC.2013.2258815 · DOI
- smets, 2019, A 978GOPS/W flexible streaming processor for real-time image processing applications in 22 nm FDSOI, IEEE ISSCC Dig Tech Papers, 44
- 10.1145/216585.216588 · DOI
- 10.1109/ISCA.2018.00015 · DOI
- 10.1109/JSSC.2017.2776302 · DOI
- 10.1109/ISSCC.2019.8662419 · DOI
- jeloka, 2016, A 28 nm configurable memory (TCAM/BCAM/SRAM) using push-rule 6T bit cell enabling logic-in-memory, IEEE J Solid-State Circuits, 51, 1009, 10.1109/JSSC.2016.2515510 · DOI
- 10.1109/JSSC.2017.2776309 · DOI
- denyer, 1985, VLSI Signal Processing A Bit-Serial Approach
- 10.1109/TC.1982.1676015 · DOI
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Brain-inspired computing systems: a systematic literature review
Zolfagharinejad, M., Alegre-Ibarra, U., Chen, T., Kinge, S., & van der Wiel, W. G. (2024) · The European Physical Journal B · doi:10.1140/epjb/s10051-024-00703-6 · Cited by 39
Metadata
- Authors
- Wang, J., Wang, X., Eckert, C., Subramaniyan, A., Das, R., Blaauw, D., & Sylvester, D.
- Affiliations
- University of Michigan (US)
- ORCID
- Venue
- IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits
- Published
- 2020-01
- Volume
- 55
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 76-86
- ISSN
- 0018-9200 (ISSN-L)
- 1558-173X
- OpenAlex
- W2976137532
- Cited by
- 244
- References
- 5
- Citations by year
- 2026: 29 · 2025: 48 · 2024: 42 · 2023: 55 · 2022: 32 · 2021: 25 · 2020: 13
- FWCI
- 6.29
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- Locations
- IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Semiconductor Research Corporation
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › Low-power high-performance VLSI design
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › Advanced Memory and Neural Computing
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Hardware and Architecture › Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques
- Keywords
- in-memory computing, near-memory computing, bit-serial arithmetic, 8T SRAM, 28nm CMOS, energy efficiency, neural network hardware
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review