The DOI matches its Crossref record; 16 of the 16 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Block4Forensic: An Integrated Lightweight Blockchain Framework for Forensics Applications of Connected Vehicles
Open accessAbstract
Today's vehicles are becoming cyber-physical systems that not only communicate with other vehicles but also gather various information from hundreds of sensors within them. These developments help create smart and connected (e.g., self-driving) vehicles that will introduce significant information to drivers, manufacturers, insurance companies, and maintenance service providers for various applications. One such application that is becoming crucial with the introduction of self-driving cars is forensic analysis of traffic accidents. The utilization of vehicle-related data can be instrumental in post-accident scenarios to discover the faulty party, particularly for self-driving vehicles. With the opportunity of being able to access various information in cars, we propose a permissioned blockchain framework among the various elements involved to manage the collected vehicle-related data. Specifically, we first integrate vehicular public key infrastructure (VPKI) to the proposed blockchain to provide membership establishment and privacy. Next, we design a fragmented ledger that will store detailed data related to vehicles such as maintenance information/ history, car diagnosis reports, and so on. The proposed forensic framework enables trustless, traceable, and privacy-aware post-accident analysis with minimal storage and processing overhead.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Some of them propose new platforms just at a concept level [45,51,52,75,77,83,84,88,89,91], some of them present proofs of their concepts [76,79,81], and only three of them present a real implementation based on real blockchains: [78,80,82].”
From A Review of Blockchain-Based Systems in Transportation (2019) · cites this paper as [91]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash SystemPreprint
Nakamoto, S. (2019) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.3440802 · Cited by 14,677
BlockChain: A Distributed Solution to Automotive Security and Privacy
Dorri, A., Steger, M., Kanhere, S. S., & Jurdak, R. (2017) · IEEE Communications Magazine · doi:10.1109/mcom.2017.1700879 · Cited by 807
Survey of consensus protocols on blockchain applications
Sankar, L. S., Sindhu, M., & Sethumadhavan, M. (2017) · International Conference on Advanced Computing and Communication Systems (ICACCS) · doi:10.1109/icaccs.2017.8014672 · Cited by 473
Li, J., Lu, H., & Guizani, M. (2014) · IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems · doi:10.1109/tpds.2014.2308215 · Cited by 278
Future challenges for smart cities: Cyber-security and digital forensics
Baig, Z. A., Szewczyk, P., Valli, C., Rabadia, P., Hannay, P., Chernyshev, M., Johnstone, M., Kerai, P., Ibrahim, A., Sansurooah, K., et al. (2017) · Digital Investigation · doi:10.1016/j.diin.2017.06.015 · Cited by 274
Consensus in the Age of BlockchainsPreprint
Bano, S., Sonnino, A., Al-Bassam, M., Azouvi, S., McCorry, P., Meiklejohn, S., & Danezis, G. (2017) · arXiv (Cornell University) · doi:10.48550/arxiv.1711.03936 · Cited by 253
Forensic-by-Design Framework for Cyber-Physical Cloud Systems
Rahman, N. H. A., Glisson, W. B., Yang, Y., & Choo, K. R. (2016) · IEEE Cloud Computing · doi:10.1109/mcc.2016.5 · Cited by 169
Berger, C., & Rumpe⋆, B. (2014) · arXiv (Cornell University) · doi:10.48550/arxiv.1409.0413 · Cited by 71
Log Your Car: The Non-invasive Vehicle Forensics
Mansor, H., Markantonakis, K., Akram, R. N., Mayes, K. E., & Gurulian, I. (2016) · IEEE International Conference on Trust, Security and Privacy in Computing and Communications (TrustCom) · doi:10.1109/trustcom.2016.0164 · Cited by 50
Digital Forensics for IoT and WSNs
Karabiyik, Ü., & Akkaya, K. (2019) · Studies in systems, decision and control · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-92384-0_6 · Cited by 34
Conducting forensic investigations of cyber attacks on automobile in-vehicle networks
Nilsson, D. K., & Larson, U. E. (2008) · doi:10.4108/e-forensics.2008.32 · Cited by 32
Conducting forensic investigations of cyber attacks on automobile in-vehicle networks
Nilsson, D. K., & Larson, U. E. (2008) · doi:10.5555/1363217.1363228 · Cited by 28
BUILDING AN INTELLIGENT ASSISTANT FOR DIGITAL FORENSICS
Karabiyik, Ü. (2015) · doi:10.13140/rg.2.1.1620.2727 · Cited by 14
THE USE OF EVENT DATA RECORDER (EDR) – BLACK BOX
Nowacki, G., Niedzicka, A., & Krysiuk, C. (2014) · DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) · doi:10.12913/22998624.1091881 · Cited by 6
Efficient safety message forwarding using multi-channels in low density VANETs
Cho, J., Uluagac, A. S., Copeland, J. A., & Chang, Y. (2014) · Globecom · doi:10.1109/glocom.2014.7036786 · Cited by 1
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 2
- cachin, 0, Architecture of the Hyperledger Blockchain Fabric, Proc Wksp Distributed Cryptocurrencies and Consensus Ledgers
- 2016, IEEE Standard for Wireless Access in Vehicular Environments (WAVE)
Cited by
Sorted by citations
A Survey on the Internet of Things (IoT) Forensics: Challenges, Approaches, and Open Issues
Stoyanova, M., Nikoloudakis, Y., Panagiotakis, S., Pallis, E., & Markakis, E. K. (2020) · IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials · doi:10.1109/comst.2019.2962586 · Cited by 852
Li, J., Greenwood, D. J., & Kassem, M. (2019) · Automation in Construction · doi:10.1016/j.autcon.2019.02.005 · Cited by 721
Cyber-physical systems security: Limitations, issues and future trends
Yaacoub, J.-P. A., Salman, O., Noura, H., Kaaniche, N., Chehab, A., & Malli, M. A. (2020) · Microprocessors and Microsystems · doi:10.1016/j.micpro.2020.103201 · Cited by 512
Privacy-Preserving Solutions for Blockchain: Review and Challenges
Bernal Bernabe, J., Canovas, J. L., Hernandez-Ramos, J. L., Torres Moreno, R., & Skarmeta, A. (2019) · IEEE Access · doi:10.1109/access.2019.2950872 · Cited by 459
“Furthermore, Block4Forensic is proposed by [219] as a vehicular forensics system provides a decentralized blockchain-based approach to gather relevant”
BackgroundBlockchain for the Internet of Vehicles Towards Intelligent Transportation Systems: A Survey
Mollah, M. B., Zhao, J., Niyato, D., Guan, Y. L., Yuen, C., Sun, S., Lam, K.-Y., & Koh, L. H. (2020) · IEEE Internet of Things Journal · doi:10.1109/jiot.2020.3028368 · Cited by 464
Metadata
- Authors
- Cebe, M., Erdin, E., Akkaya, K., Aksu, H., & Uluagac, S.
- Affiliations
- Florida International University (US)
- Venue
- IEEE Communications Magazine
- Published
- 2018-10
- Volume
- 56
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 50-57
- ISSN
- 0163-6804 (ISSN-L)
- 1558-1896
- OpenAlex
- W2786393483
- Cited by
- 326
- References
- 16
- Citations by year
- 2026: 20 · 2025: 21 · 2024: 30 · 2023: 42 · 2022: 46 · 2021: 66 · 2020: 47 · 2019: 45 · 2018: 9
- FWCI
- 67.38
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- arxiv.org
- Locations
- IEEE Communications Magazine (publishedVersion)
- arXiv (Cornell University) (submittedVersion)
- Bilkent University Institutional Repository (Bilkent University) (submittedVersion)
- arXiv (Cornell University)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Information Systems › Blockchain Technology Applications and Security
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs)
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Information Systems › Blockchain Technology in Education and Learning
- Keywords
- blockchain, connected vehicles, autonomous vehicles, permissioned blockchain, vehicle data management, privacy, traceability, cyber-physical systems
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review