The DOI matches its Crossref record; 2 of the 2 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Digital watermarks for audio signals
Abstract
We present a novel technique for embedding digital "watermarks" into digital audio signals. Watermarking is a technique used to label digital media by hiding copyright or other information into the underlying data. The watermark must be imperceptible or undetectable by the user and should be robust to attacks and other types of distortion. In our method, the watermark is generated by filtering a PN-sequence with a filter that approximates the frequency masking characteristics of the human auditory system. It is then weighted in the time domain to account for temporal masking. We discuss the detection of the watermark and assess the robustness of our watermarking approach to attacks and various signal manipulations.
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Cites
A method for obtaining digital signatures and public-key cryptosystems
Rivest, R. L., Shamir, A., & Adleman, L. (1978) · Communications of the ACM · doi:10.1145/359340.359342 · Cited by 13,462
Secure spread spectrum watermarking for multimedia
Cox, I. J., Kilian, J., Leighton, F. T., & Shamoon, T. (1997) · IEEE Transactions on Image Processing · doi:10.1109/83.650120 · Cited by 5,299
Cited by
Attacks on Copyright Marking Systems
Petitcolas, F. A. P., Anderson, R. J., & Kuhn, M. G. (1998) · Lecture Notes in Computer Science · doi:10.1007/3-540-49380-8_16 · Cited by 835
Watermarks in the Sand: Impossibility of Strong Watermarking for Generative Models
Zhang, H., Edelman, B. L., Francati, D., Venturi, D., Ateniese, G., & Barak, B. (2023) · arXiv · doi:10.48550/arxiv.2311.04378 · Cited by 12
Metadata
- Authors
- Boney, L., Tewfik, A. H., & Hamdy, K. N.
- Venue
- Proceedings of the Third IEEE International Conference on Multimedia Computing and Systems
- Publisher
- IEEE
- Published
- 1996
- Pages
- 473-480
- OpenAlex
- W2096015107
- Cited by
- 456
- References
- 2
- FWCI
- 13.59
- Type
- conference paper
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Digital watermarks for audio signals. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1109/mmcs.1996.535015
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- Boney, L., Tewfik, A. H., & Hamdy, K. N. (1996). Digital watermarks for audio signals. Proceedings of the Third IEEE International Conference on Multimedia Computing and Systems. https://doi.org/10.1109/mmcs.1996.535015
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