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Design and Stability of Load-Side Primary Frequency Control in Power Systems
Open accessAbstract
We present a systematic method to design ubiquitous continuous fast-acting distributed load control for primary frequency regulation in power networks, by formulating an optimal load control (OLC) problem where the objective is to minimize the aggregate cost of tracking an operating point subject to power balance over the network. We prove that the swing dynamics and the branch power flows, coupled with frequency-based load control, serve as a distributed primal-dual algorithm to solve OLC. We establish the global asymptotic stability of a multimachine network under such type of load-side primary frequency control. These results imply that the local frequency deviations on each bus convey exactly the right information about the global power imbalance for the loads to make individual decisions that turn out to be globally optimal. Simulations confirm that the proposed algorithm can rebalance power and resynchronize bus frequencies after a disturbance with significantly improved transient performance.
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Boyd, S., & Vandenberghe, L. (2004) · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511804441 · Cited by 56,601
Cited by
Yi, P., Hong, Y., & Liu, F. (2016) · Automatica · doi:10.1016/j.automatica.2016.08.007 · Cited by 478
A quantitative framework for layered multirate control: Toward a theory of control architecture
Matni, N., Ames, A. D., & Doyle, J. C. (2024) · IEEE Control Systems · doi:10.1109/mcs.2024.3382388 · Cited by 39
Wang, X., & Chen, X. (2026) · IEEE Transactions on Power Systems · doi:10.1109/tpwrs.2026.3684791
Metadata
- Authors
- Zhao, C., Topcu, U., Li, N., & Low, S.
- Venue
- IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control
- Published
- 2014-05
- Volume
- 59
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 1177-1189
- ISSN
- 0018-9286 (ISSN-L)
- 1558-2523
- OpenAlex
- W2027270344
- Cited by
- 466
- References
- 1
- FWCI
- 27.42
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
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- Zhao, C., Topcu, U., Li, N., & Low, S. (2014). Design and Stability of Load-Side Primary Frequency Control in Power Systems. IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control. https://doi.org/10.1109/tac.2014.2298140
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