Event-Triggered Finite-Time Variable Gain ADRC for Master–Slave Teleoperated Parallel Manipulators
Abstract
In this brief, an event-triggered finite time variable gain active disturbance rejection control method is proposed for master-slave teleoperated parallel manipulators with disturbances. The event-triggered finite time variable gain active disturbance rejection control incorporates error-based variable gains and event-triggered mechanisms to improve control performances and reduce communication burden, which includes event-triggered finite time variable gain extended state observer and event-triggered finite time variable gain controller. Furthermore, the explicit feasible solutions in the stability analysis are provided, and the steady-state performance is discussed. Moreover, the Zeno phenomenon is avoided by analyzing the minimum interevent interval. Finally, simulation results and experimental results are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The ESO component has been amended over time to accommodate ADRC operation in industrial applications, including robotic systems, power plants, teleoperation systems, and piezoelectric-related medical fields.
“Therefore, to mitigate the effects of different types of uncertainties acting on a concerned system, the ESO component has been amended over time to accommodate the ADRC operation in industrial applications; for example, in robotic systems [10], power plants [11], teleoperation systems [12], and piezoelectric-related medical fields [13].”
From A comparative study on time-delay estimation for time-delay nonlinear system control (2025) · cites this paper as [12]
Cites
Continuous Finite-Time Attitude Control for Rigid Spacecraft Based on Angular Velocity Observer
Hu, Q., & Jiang, B. (2017) · IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems · doi:10.1109/taes.2017.2773340 · Cited by 209 · see citing works
Active Disturbance Rejection Control for Nonlinear Systems: An Introduction
Guo, B., & Zhao, Z. (2016) · doi:10.1002/9781119239932 · Cited by 176 · see citing works
Toward Event-Triggered Extended State Observer
Huang, Y., Wang, J., Shi, D., & Shi, L. (2017) · IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control · doi:10.1109/tac.2017.2754340 · Cited by 136 · see citing works
On disturbance rejection in magnetic levitation
Wei, W., Xue, W., & Li, D. (2018) · Control Engineering Practice · doi:10.1016/j.conengprac.2018.09.018 · Cited by 124 · see citing works
Event‐triggered sliding mode‐based tracking control for uncertain Euler–Lagrange systems
Kumari, K., Behera, A. K., & Bandyopadhyay, B. (2018) · IET Control Theory and Applications · doi:10.1049/iet-cta.2017.1114 · Cited by 91 · see citing works
Trajectory Tracking Control of Pneumatic Servo System: A Variable Gain ADRC Approach
Zhang, J., Cui, C., Gu, S., Wang, T., & Zhao, L. (2022) · IEEE Transactions on Cybernetics · doi:10.1109/tcyb.2022.3174613 · Cited by 75 · see citing works
Self-citationFinite-Time Trajectory Tracking Control for Rodless Pneumatic Cylinder Systems With Disturbances
Zhao, L., Gu, S., Zhang, J., & Li, S. (2021) · IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics · doi:10.1109/tie.2021.3071707 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Self-citationZheng, Y., Huang, Z., Tao, J., Sun, H., Sun, Q., Sun, M., Dehmer, M., & Chen, Z. (2021) · IEEE Transactions on Circuits & Systems II Express Briefs · doi:10.1109/tcsii.2021.3100853 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Fixed-Time Dynamic Surface Control for Pneumatic Manipulator System With Unknown Disturbances
Zhang, J., Xu, F., Liu, X., Gu, S., & Geng, H. (2022) · IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters · doi:10.1109/lra.2022.3196469 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Self-citationFinite-Time Adaptive Extended State Observer-Based Dynamic Sliding Mode Control for Hybrid Robots
Qin, Q., Gao, G., & Zhong, J. (2022) · IEEE Transactions on Circuits & Systems II Express Briefs · doi:10.1109/tcsii.2022.3172417 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Guo, S., Liu, Z., Yu, J., Huang, P., & Ma, Z. (2021) · IEEE Transactions on Circuits & Systems II Express Briefs · doi:10.1109/tcsii.2021.3121436 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Finite-Time Variable-Gain ADRC for Master–Slave Teleoperated Parallel Manipulators
Gu, S., Zhang, J., & Liu, X. (2023) · IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics · doi:10.1109/tie.2023.3317868 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Self-citationChen, G., & Dong, J. (2023) · IEEE Transactions on Circuits & Systems II Express Briefs · doi:10.1109/tcsii.2023.3285769 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Event-Triggered Intermittent-Based Impulsive Control for Stabilization of Nonlinear Systems
Zhuang, J., Peng, S., & Wang, Y. (2022) · IEEE Transactions on Circuits & Systems II Express Briefs · doi:10.1109/tcsii.2022.3204570 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Gu, S., Zhang, J., & Li, Y. (2022) · IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I Regular Papers · doi:10.1109/tcsi.2022.3224746 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Self-citationWu, Z., Zhang, J., Wei, S., & Chen, D. (2023) · Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine · doi:10.1016/j.cmpb.2023.107646 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Self-citationCui, B., Zhang, L., Xia, Y., & Zhang, J. (2022) · IEEE Transactions on Circuits & Systems II Express Briefs · doi:10.1109/tcsii.2022.3179315 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Self-citationImproved Grey Wolf Optimizer Tuned Active Disturbance Rejection Control for Ship Heading
Ren, J., Chen, Z., Yang, Y., Sun, M., & Sun, Q. (2022) · IEEE Transactions on Circuits & Systems II Express Briefs · doi:10.1109/tcsii.2022.3211838 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
A Novel Interaction Controller Design for Robotic Manipulators With Arbitrary Convergence Time
Yang, Y., Hua, C., & Li, J. (2021) · IEEE Transactions on Circuits & Systems II Express Briefs · doi:10.1109/tcsii.2021.3128958 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Finite-Time Composite Disturbance Rejection Control for Discrete-Time Markovian Jump Systems
Zhang, J., Wu, Z., & Xia, Y. (2021) · IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control · doi:10.1109/tac.2021.3136775 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Self-citationTrajectory Tracking Control for Delta Parallel Manipulators: A Variable Gain ADRC Approach
Gu, S., Zhang, J., Zou, S., Zhao, K., & Ma, Z. (2022) · IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters · doi:10.1109/lra.2022.3184766 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Self-citationMagnetic Robot for Endovascular Intervention: Performance Evaluation
Wei, S., Zhang, J., Wu, Z., & Chen, D. (2024) · IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics · doi:10.1109/tie.2023.3340205 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Self-citation
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Telemanipulated Vascular Intervention System for Minimally Invasive Surgery
Wei, S., Wu, Z., Zhang, J., Gu, S., Geng, Z., Luo, J., Gao, Y., & Li, Z. (2024) · IEEE Transactions on Medical Robotics and Bionics · doi:10.1109/tmrb.2024.3473299 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Self-citationMu, S., SHIBATA, S., Baba, D., & Oshita, R. (2025) · Actuators · doi:10.3390/act14050250 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
A comparative study on time-delay estimation for time-delay nonlinear system control
Nahri, S. N. F., Department of Electrical Engineering, F. O. E. A. T. B. E., Du, S., van Wyk, B. J., & Ajayi, O. K. (2025) · AIMS Electronics and Electrical Engineering · doi:10.3934/electreng.2025015 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Gu, S., Liu, S., Yan, M., & Zhao, D. (2026) · IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics · doi:10.1109/tie.2025.3647879 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Self-citationWang, M., Liu, J., & Mo, L. (2025) · Journal of Vibration and Control · doi:10.1177/10775463251359713
Gu, S., Wang, Y., Liu, S., Yan, M., & Zhao, D. (2025) · IEEE Transactions on Automation Science and Engineering · doi:10.1109/tase.2025.3646645
Self-citationZhu, J., JIANG, Y., & Luo, S. (2026) · IEEE Data Driven Control and Learning Systems Conference (DDCLS) · doi:10.1109/ddcls71227.2026.11610356
- Authors
- Gu, S., Zhang, J., & Liu, X.
- Affiliations
- Beijing Institute of Technology (CN)
- Venue
- IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs
- Published
- 2024-07
- Volume
- 71
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 3383-3387
- ISSN
- 1549-7747 (ISSN-L)
- 1558-3791
- OpenAlex
- W4391326592
- Cited by
- 7
- References
- 22
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 1
- FWCI
- 0.94
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- Locations
- IEEE Transactions on Circuits & Systems II Express Briefs (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Natural Science Foundation of China (U22A2048)
- Science and Technology Innovation Program of Beijing Institute of Technology, China (2022CX01009)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Mechanical Engineering › Teleoperation and Haptic Systems
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Control and Systems Engineering › Adaptive Control of Nonlinear Systems
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Control and Systems Engineering › Stability and Control of Uncertain Systems
- Keywords
- event-triggered control, finite-time control, variable gain control, active disturbance rejection control, master-slave teleoperation, parallel manipulators, extended state observer, communication burden reduction, Zeno behavior avoidance, disturbance rejection
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review