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HVDC Connection of Offshore Wind Farms to the Transmission System
Abstract
This paper presents a technical and economic analysis to evaluate the benefits and drawbacks of grid connecting offshore wind farms through a dc link. A first case, concerning a 100-MW wind farm, is thoroughly investigated and cases of larger wind farms (200 and 500 MW) are presented. Three different transmission solutions are compared: 150-kV ac, 400-kV ac, and high-voltage dc based on voltage sourced converters (VSC-HVDC). After a brief overview of the features of these connection solutions, the related operational aspects are evaluated. An economic assessment compares the dc connection option to the ac alternatives, taking into account the investment, operation, and maintenance costs, and the negative valorization of losses and energy not supplied. Economic assessment includes sensitivity analyses of parameters, which could impact the 100-MW wind farm: distance, component costs, dc converter reliability, and dc converter losses.
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Cited by
High-power wind energy conversion systems: State-of-the-art and emerging technologies
Yaramasu, V., Wu, B., Sen, P. C., Kouro, S., & Narimani, M. (2015) · Proceedings of the IEEE · doi:10.1109/jproc.2014.2378692 · Cited by 991
Dekka, A., Wu, B., Fuentes, R. L., Perez, M., & Zargari, N. R. (2017) · IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics · doi:10.1109/jestpe.2017.2742938 · Cited by 576
A Steady-State Analysis Method for a Modular Multilevel Converter
Song, Q., Liu, W., Li, X., Rao, H., Xu, S., & Li, L. (2013) · IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics · doi:10.1109/tpel.2012.2227818 · Cited by 503
An enhanced MMC topology with DC fault ride-through capability
Li, X., Liu, W., Song, Q., Rao, H., & Xu, S. (2013) · IECON 2013 - 39th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society · doi:10.1109/iecon.2013.6700152 · Cited by 92
Metadata
- Authors
- Bresesti, P., Kling, W. L., Hendriks, R. L., & Vailati, R.
- Venue
- IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion
- Published
- 2007-03
- Volume
- 22
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 37-43
- ISSN
- 0885-8969 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2120308393
- Cited by
- 750
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 20.48
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: HVDC Connection of Offshore Wind Farms to the Transmission System. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1109/tec.2006.889624
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- Bresesti, P., Kling, W. L., Hendriks, R. L., & Vailati, R. (2007). HVDC Connection of Offshore Wind Farms to the Transmission System. IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion. https://doi.org/10.1109/tec.2006.889624
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