The DOI matches its Crossref record; 65 of the 67 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
SINet: A Scale-Insensitive Convolutional Neural Network for Fast Vehicle Detection
Open accessAbstract
Vision-based vehicle detection approaches achieve incredible success in recent years with the development of deep convolutional neural network (CNN). However, existing CNN-based algorithms suffer from the problem that the convolutional features are scale-sensitive in object detection task but it is common that traffic images and videos contain vehicles with a large variance of scales. In this paper, we delve into the source of scale sensitivity, and reveal two key issues: 1) existing RoI pooling destroys the structure of small scale objects and 2) the large intra-class distance for a large variance of scales exceeds the representation capability of a single network. Based on these findings, we present a scale-insensitive convolutional neural network (SINet) for fast detecting vehicles with a large variance of scales. First, we present a context-aware RoI pooling to maintain the contextual information and original structure of small scale objects. Second, we present a multi-branch decision network to minimize the intra-class distance of features. These lightweight techniques bring zero extra time complexity but prominent detection accuracy improvement. The proposed techniques can be equipped with any deep network architectures and keep them trained end-to-end. Our SINet achieves state-of-the-art performance in terms of accuracy and speed (up to 37 FPS) on the KITTI benchmark and a new highway dataset, which contains a large variance of scales and extremely small objects.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“Advanced CNN has achieved good results in object detection; however, CNN is sensitive to scale changes in object detection [17,18].”
From Vision-based vehicle detection and counting system using deep learning in highway scenes (2019) · cites this paper as [18]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Deep Residual Learning for Image Recognition
He, K., Zhang, X., Ren, S., & Sun, J. (2016) · 2016 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR) · doi:10.1109/cvpr.2016.90 · Cited by 235,474
Very Deep Convolutional Networks for Large-Scale Image Recognition
Simonyan, K., & Zisserman, A. (2014) · arXiv · doi:10.48550/arxiv.1409.1556 · Cited by 114,148
LeCun, Y., Bengio, Y., & Hinton, G. (2015) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature14539 · Cited by 84,126
Faster R-CNN: Towards Real-Time Object Detection with Region Proposal Networks
Ren, S., He, K., Girshick, R., & Sun, J. (2017) · IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence · doi:10.1109/tpami.2016.2577031 · Cited by 73,472
You Only Look Once: Unified, Real-Time Object Detection
Redmon, J., Divvala, S., Girshick, R., & Farhadi, A. (2016) · 2016 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR) · doi:10.1109/cvpr.2016.91 · Cited by 53,803
ImageNet Large Scale Visual Recognition Challenge
Russakovsky, O., Deng, J., Su, H., Krause, J., Satheesh, S., Ma, S., Huang, Z., Karpathy, A., Khosla, A., Bernstein, M., et al. (2015) · International Journal of Computer Vision · doi:10.1007/s11263-015-0816-y · Cited by 39,380
Rich Feature Hierarchies for Accurate Object Detection and Semantic Segmentation
Girshick, R., Donahue, J., Darrell, T., & Malik, J. (2014) · 2014 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · doi:10.1109/cvpr.2014.81 · Cited by 32,684
(2016) · Cited by 31,590
Feature Pyramid Networks for Object Detection
Lin, T.-Y., Dollar, P., Girshick, R., He, K., Hariharan, B., & Belongie, S. (2017) · 2017 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR) · doi:10.1109/cvpr.2017.106 · Cited by 30,939
Girshick, R. (2015) · 2015 IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV) · doi:10.1109/iccv.2015.169 · Cited by 28,105
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- sermanet, 2013, Overfeat Integrated Recognition Localization and Detection Using Convolutional Networks
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 101–200 of 341
Part-Aware Region Proposal for Vehicle Detection in High Occlusion Environment
Zhang, W., Zheng, Y., Gao, Q., & Mi, Z. (2019) · IEEE Access · doi:10.1109/access.2019.2929432 · Cited by 27
A Lightweight CNN Model for Refining Moving Vehicle Detection From Satellite Videos
Chen, R., Li, X., & Li, S. (2020) · IEEE Access · doi:10.1109/access.2020.3040977 · Cited by 28
LiCaNet: Further Enhancement of Joint Perception and Motion Prediction Based on Multi-Modal Fusion
Khalil, Y. H., & Mouftah, H. T. (2022) · IEEE Open Journal of Intelligent Transportation Systems · doi:10.1109/ojits.2022.3160888 · Cited by 27
A modified deep learning architecture for vehicle detection in traffic monitoring system
Haritha, H., & Thangavel, S. K. (2019) · International Journal of Computers and Applications · doi:10.1080/1206212x.2019.1662171 · Cited by 29
Vehicle Detection and Disparity Estimation Using Blended Stereo Images
Zhou, C., Liu, Y., Sun, Q., & Lasang, P. (2021) · IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Vehicles · doi:10.1109/tiv.2020.3049008 · Cited by 26
Safety and Risk Analysis of Autonomous Vehicles Using Computer Vision and Neural Networks
Dixit, A., Chidambaram, R. K., & Allam, Z. (2021) · Vehicles · doi:10.3390/vehicles3030036 · Cited by 26
Pedestrian- and Vehicle-Detection Algorithm Based on Improved Aggregated Channel Features
Hua, J., Shi, Y., Xie, C., Zhang, H., & Zhang, J. (2021) · IEEE Access · doi:10.1109/access.2021.3057616 · Cited by 24
Double FCOS: A Two-Stage Model Utilizing FCOS for Vehicle Detection in Various Remote Sensing Scenes
Gao, P., Tian, T., Zhao, T., Li, L., Zhang, N., & Tian, J. (2022) · IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing · doi:10.1109/jstars.2022.3181594 · Cited by 24
A lightweight deep neural network with higher accuracy
Zhao, L., Wang, L., Jia, Y., & Cui, Y. (2022) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0271225 · Cited by 24
A Dynamic Transformer Network for Vehicle Detection
Tian, C., Liu, K., Zhang, B., Huang, Z., Lin, C., & Zhang, D. D. (2025) · IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics · doi:10.1109/tce.2025.3565318 · Cited by 24
Shi, P., Jiang, Q., Shi, C., Xi, J., Tao, G., Zhang, S., Zhang, Z., Liu, B., Gao, X., & Wu, Q. (2021) · Remote Sensing · doi:10.3390/rs13163243 · Cited by 25
Dense Traffic Detection at Highway-Railroad Grade Crossings
Guo, F., Jiang, Z., Wang, Y., Chen, C., & Qian, Y. (2022) · IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems · doi:10.1109/tits.2022.3140948 · Cited by 22
Detection Technique Tailored for Small Targets on Water Surfaces in Unmanned Vessel Scenarios
Zhang, J., Huang, W., Zhuang, J., Zhang, R., & Du, X. (2024) · Journal of Marine Science and Engineering · doi:10.3390/jmse12030379 · Cited by 23
Real-Time Monocular Joint Perception Network for Autonomous Driving
Li, K., Xiong, H., Liu, J., Xu, Q. Y., & Wang, J. (2022) · IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems · doi:10.1109/tits.2022.3146087 · Cited by 21
Representative Feature Alignment for Adaptive Object Detection
Xu, S., Zhang, H., Xu, X., Hu, X., Xu, Y., Dai, L., Choi, K., & Heng, P. (2022) · IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology · doi:10.1109/tcsvt.2022.3202094 · Cited by 21
Self-citationYang, Y., Song, H., Sun, S., Zhang, W., Chen, Y., Rakai, L., & Fang, Y. (2021) · Journal of Real-Time Image Processing · doi:10.1007/s11554-021-01121-y · Cited by 22
Built-in Depth-Semantic Coupled Encoding for Scene Parsing, Vehicle Detection, and Road Segmentation
Liu, S., Zhang, H., Shao, L., & Yang, J. (2020) · IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems · doi:10.1109/tits.2020.2987819 · Cited by 20
Li, X., Men, F., Lv, S., Jiang, X., Pan, M., Ma, Q., & Yu, H. (2021) · ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information · doi:10.3390/ijgi10080549 · Cited by 21
Zhou, W., Liu, Y., Wang, C., Zhan, Y.-F., Dai, Y., & Wang, R. (2022) · IEEE transactions on intelligent transportation systems (Print) · doi:10.1109/tits.2022.3195509 · Cited by 19
Knowledge Fusion Distillation: Improving Distillation with Multi-scale Attention Mechanisms
Li, L., Su, W., Liu, F., He, M., & Liang, X. (2023) · Neural Processing Letters · doi:10.1007/s11063-022-11132-w · Cited by 23
Guo, F., Wang, Y., & Qian, Y. (2022) · Journal of Industrial Information Integration · doi:10.1016/j.jii.2022.100427 · Cited by 19
Shepelev, V., Aliukov, S. V., Glushkov, A., & Галиевич, Ш. С. (2020) · Journal Of Big Data · doi:10.1186/s40537-020-00324-7 · Cited by 18
CODAN: Counting-driven Attention Network for Vehicle Detection in Congested Scenes
Li, W., Wang, Z., Wu, X. Y., Zhang, J., Peng, Q., & Li, H. (2020) · ACM International Conference on Multimedia (ACM MM) · doi:10.1145/3394171.3413945 · Cited by 19
The data conundrum: compression of automotive imaging data and deep neural network based perception
Chan, P. H., Souvalioti, G., Huggett, A., Kirsch, G., & Donzella, V. (2021) · London Imaging Meeting · doi:10.2352/issn.2694-118x.2021.lim-78 · Cited by 18
Traffic incident detection based on a global trajectory spatiotemporal map
Liang, H., Song, H., Yun, X., Sun, S., Wang, Y., & Zhang, Z. (2021) · Complex & Intelligent Systems · doi:10.1007/s40747-021-00602-8 · Cited by 18
A Traffic Event Detection Method Based on Random Forest and Permutation Importance
Su, Z., Liu, Q., Zhao, C., & Sun, F. (2022) · Mathematics · doi:10.3390/math10060873 · Cited by 18
A Review on Object Detection Based on Deep Convolutional Neural Networks for Autonomous Driving
Lu, J., Tang, S., Wang, J., Zhu, H., & Wang, Y. (2019) · 2019 Chinese Control And Decision Conference (CCDC) · doi:10.1109/ccdc.2019.8832398 · Cited by 17
Unc-SOD: An Uncertainty Learning Framework for Small Object Detection
Yuan, X., Cheng, G., Cheng, J., Yao, R., & Han, J. (2026) · IEEE Transactions on Image Processing · doi:10.1109/tip.2026.3654892 · Cited by 18
A Two-Stage Hybrid Extreme Learning Model for Short-Term Traffic Flow Forecasting
Cui, Z., Huang, B., Dou, H., Cheng, Y., Guan, J., & Zhou, T. (2022) · Mathematics · doi:10.3390/math10122087 · Cited by 17
Saeedizadeh, N., Jalali, S. M. J., Khan, B., & Mohamed, S. M. K. (2025) · Expert Systems · doi:10.1111/exsy.70020 · Cited by 18
Multiscale Gaussian Attention Mechanism for Tiny-Object Detection in Remote Sensing Images
Shi, S., Fang, Q., Xu, X., & Dong, D. (2025) · IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing · doi:10.1109/tgrs.2025.3591260 · Cited by 19
Self-citationOrientation aware weapons detection in visual data: a benchmark dataset
Haq, N. U., Fraz, M. M., Hashmi, T. S. S., & Shahzad, M. S. (2022) · Computing · doi:10.1007/s00607-022-01095-0 · Cited by 16
Retracted: Object Detection of Autonomous Vehicles under Adverse Weather Conditions
Arthi, V., Murugeswari, R., & P, N. (2022) · 2022 International Conference on Data Science, Agents & Artificial Intelligence (ICDSAAI) · doi:10.1109/icdsaai55433.2022.10028795 · Cited by 16
RetractedDALocNet: Improving Localization Accuracy for Domain Adaptive Object Detection
Yu, Y., Xu, X., Hu, X., & Heng, P. (2019) · IEEE Access · doi:10.1109/access.2019.2915607 · Cited by 16
Self-citationEliminating cross-camera bias for vehicle re-identification
Peng, J., Jiang, G., Chen, D., Zhao, T., Wang, H., & Fu, X. (2020) · Multimedia Tools and Applications · doi:10.1007/s11042-020-09987-z · Cited by 15
Mixed Stage Partial Network and Background Data Augmentation for Surveillance Object Detection
Chen, P.-Y., Hsieh, J.-W., Gochoo, M., & Chen, Y. (2022) · IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems · doi:10.1109/tits.2022.3206709 · Cited by 14
Dynamic Feature Focusing Network for small object detection
Jing, R., Zhang, W., Li, Y., Li, W., & Liu, Y. (2024) · Information Processing & Management · doi:10.1016/j.ipm.2024.103858 · Cited by 15
Making You Only Look Once Faster: Toward Real-Time Intelligent Transportation Detection
Dai, Y., Liu, W., Xie, W., Liu, R., Zheng, Z., Long, K., Wang, L., Mao, L., Qiu, Q., & Ling, G. (2022) · IEEE Intelligent Transportation Systems Magazine · doi:10.1109/mits.2022.3201400 · Cited by 15
Li, C., Qu, Z., & Wang, S.-Y. (2023) · IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems · doi:10.1109/tits.2023.3240616 · Cited by 14
Optimizing Road Traffic Surveillance: A Robust Hyper-Heuristic Approach for Vehicle Segmentation
Rodríguez-Esparza, E., Ramos-Soto, O., Masegosa, A. D., Onieva, E., Oliva, D. A., Arriandiaga, A., & Ghosh, A. (2024) · IEEE Access · doi:10.1109/access.2024.3369039 · Cited by 13
Defect Detection Scheme for Key Equipment of Transmission Line for Complex Environment
Wang, J., Deng, F., & Wei, B. (2022) · Electronics · doi:10.3390/electronics11152332 · Cited by 13
Zhang, X., & Zhu, X. (2019) · ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information · doi:10.3390/ijgi8110483 · Cited by 13
Bouderbal, I., Amamra, A., & Benatia, M. A. (2021) · Lecture notes in networks and systems · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-69418-0_3 · Cited by 13
AlexDarkNet: Hybrid CNN architecture for real-time Traffic monitoring with unprecedented reliability
Bhardwaj, R. J., & Rao, D. S. (2024) · Neural Computing and Applications · doi:10.1007/s00521-024-09450-2 · Cited by 12
Vehicle detection in varied weather conditions using enhanced deep YOLO with complex wavelet
Kiran, V. K., Dash, S., & Parida, P. (2024) · Engineering Research Express · doi:10.1088/2631-8695/ad507d · Cited by 14
Pouliot, D., Alavi, N., Wilson, S., Duffe, J., Pasher, J., Davidson, A., Daneshfar, B., & Lindsay, E. (2021) · Remote Sensing · doi:10.3390/rs13040634 · Cited by 15
Dai, X., Yuan, X., Liu, P., & Wei, X. (2019) · IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems · doi:10.1109/tits.2019.2918227 · Cited by 12
Kl-Divergence-Based Region Proposal Network For Object Detection
Seo, G., Yoo, J., Cho, J., & Kwak, N. (2020) · Proceedings - International Conference on Image Processing · doi:10.1109/icip40778.2020.9191075 · Cited by 12
Learning to Separate: Detecting Heavily-Occluded Objects in Urban Scenes
Yang, C., Ablavsky, V., Wang, K., Feng, Q., & Betke, M. (2020) · Lecture notes in computer science · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-58523-5_31 · Cited by 12
A real-time multi-vehicle tracking framework in intelligent vehicular networks
Fu, H., Guan, J., Feng, J., Wang, C., & Ma, H. (2021) · China Communications · doi:10.23919/jcc.2021.06.008 · Cited by 12
Zhang, G., Wang, L., & Chen, Z. (2024) · Remote Sensing · doi:10.3390/rs16152722 · Cited by 13
R-Net: Recursive decoder with edge refinement network for salient object detection
Wang, H., Zhao, Y., Zhang, F., Gui, G., Yu, L., Chen, B., Liao, M., Yang, C., & Gui, W. (2024) · Expert Systems with Applications · doi:10.1016/j.eswa.2024.125562 · Cited by 11
CFENet: Contextual Feature Enhancement Network for Tiny Object Detection in Aerial Images
Hu, H., Chen, S.-B., & Tang, J. (2025) · IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing · doi:10.1109/tgrs.2025.3556469 · Cited by 13
Real-Time Vehicle Detection in Satellite Videos: Transitioning From Large Scenes to Clusters
Pan, J., Gu, Y., Gao, G., & Wu, S. (2025) · IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing · doi:10.1109/tgrs.2025.3581150 · Cited by 15
Learning a Layout Transfer Network for Context Aware Object Detection
Wang, T., He, X., Cai, Y., & Xiao, G. (2019) · IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems · doi:10.1109/tits.2019.2939213 · Cited by 11
Small vehicle classification in the wild using generative adversarial network
Wang, X., Chen, X., & Wang, Y. (2020) · Neural Computing and Applications · doi:10.1007/s00521-020-05331-6 · Cited by 11
Learning to See in Nighttime Driving Scenes with Inter-frequency Priors
Fan, Z., Wu, X., Chen, X., & Li, Y. (2023) · IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Workshops (CVPRW) · doi:10.1109/cvprw59228.2023.00444 · Cited by 10
Wang, H., Chaw, J. K., Goh, S. K., Shi, L., Tin, T. T., Huang, N., & Gan, H. (2024) · IEEE Access · doi:10.1109/access.2024.3442484 · Cited by 12
The Role of AI in Smart Mobility: A Comprehensive Survey
Coco, M. D., Carcagnì, P., Trilles, S., Iskandaryan, D., & Leo, M. (2025) · Electronics · doi:10.3390/electronics14091801 · Cited by 12
Multiscale Feature Learning Based on Enhanced Feature Pyramid for Vehicle Detection
Nguyen, H. (2021) · Complexity · doi:10.1155/2021/5555121 · Cited by 10
Bayati, M. A. Z. A., & Çakmak, M. (2023) · International Journal of Image Graphics and Signal Processing · doi:10.5815/ijigsp.2023.05.02 · Cited by 10
Vehicle Detection in UAV Aerial Images Based on Improved YOLOv3
Zhang, S., Chai, L., & Jin, L. (2020) · IEEE International Conference on Networking, Sensing and Control (ICNSC) · doi:10.1109/icnsc48988.2020.9238059 · Cited by 10
Vehicle Detection in Remote Sensing Image Based on Machine Vision
Zhou, L., Chang, Z., Yan, H., Zuo, X., Qiao, B., Zhou, B., Fan, M., & Liu, Y. (2021) · Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience · doi:10.1155/2021/8683226 · Cited by 10
Zhang, X. X., Lu, X. Y., & Peng, L. (2022) · International Journal of Remote Sensing · doi:10.1080/01431161.2021.2008543 · Cited by 10
Recent Advances in Vision-Based On-Road Behaviors Understanding: A Critical Survey
Trabelsi, R., Khemmar, R., Decoux, B., Ertaud, J.-Y., & Boutteau, R. (2022) · Sensors · doi:10.3390/s22072654 · Cited by 10
Orientation Aware Object Detection with Application to FirearmsPreprint
Iqbal, J., Munir, M. A., Mahmood, A., Ali, A. R., & Ali, M. (2019) · arXiv (Cornell University) · doi:10.13140/rg.2.2.34648.75522 · Cited by 10
Partner learning: A comprehensive knowledge transfer for vehicle re-identification
Qian, W., He, Z., Chen, C., & Peng, S. (2022) · Neurocomputing · doi:10.1016/j.neucom.2022.01.043 · Cited by 9
Farag, W., & Fayed, M. (2025) · Journal of Control and Decision · doi:10.1080/23307706.2025.2469893 · Cited by 12
Vision technologies in autonomous vehicles: progress, methodologies, and key challenges
Kumar, H., Mamoria, P., & Dewangan, D. K. (2025) · International Journal of Systems Assurance Engineering and Management · doi:10.1007/s13198-025-02912-3 · Cited by 12
Boroujeni, S. P. H., Mehrabi, N., Alzorgan, H., Fazeli, M., & Razi, A. (2026) · Image and Vision Computing · doi:10.1016/j.imavis.2026.105944 · Cited by 9
A Multibranch Object Detection Method for Traffic Scenes
Feng, J., Wang, F., Feng, S., & Peng, Y. (2019) · Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience · doi:10.1155/2019/3679203 · Cited by 9
Research on Object Detection Algorithm Based on Multilayer Information Fusion
Chen, B.-Y., Shen, Y.-K., & Sun, K. (2020) · Mathematical Problems in Engineering · doi:10.1155/2020/9076857 · Cited by 9
Vehicle Detection with Self-Training for Adaptative Video Processing Embedded Platform
Cygert, S., & Czyżewski, A. (2020) · Applied Sciences · doi:10.3390/app10175763 · Cited by 11
Hashemi, S., Emami, H., & Sangar, A. B. (2021) · International Journal of Communication Systems · doi:10.1002/dac.4928 · Cited by 9
Yao, Y., Shi, Z., Hu, H., Li, J., Wang, G., & Liu, L. (2023) · Remote Sensing · doi:10.3390/rs15194825 · Cited by 8
Ghaffarpasand, O., Almojarkesh, A., Morris, S., Stephens, E., Chalabi, A., Almojarkesh, U., Almojarkesh, Z., & Pope, F. D. (2023) · Sensors · doi:10.3390/s23156964 · Cited by 8
Rajan, V. A., Sakhamuri, S., Nayaki, A. P., Agarwal, S., Aeron, A., & Shri, M. L. (2024) · International Conference on Trends in Quantum Computing and Emerging Business Technologies (TQCEBT) · doi:10.1109/tqcebt59414.2024.10545157 · Cited by 8
Small object detection combining attention mechanism and a novel FPN
Chen, J., Liu, S., Zhao, L., Chen, D., & Wei-hua, Z. (2021) · Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems · doi:10.3233/jifs-211905 · Cited by 9
Multi-Pedestrian Tracking Based on KC-YOLO Detection and Identity Validity Discrimination Module
Li, J., Wu, W., Zhang, D., Fan, D., Jiang, J., Lu, Y., Gao, E., & Yue, T. (2023) · Applied Sciences · doi:10.3390/app132212228 · Cited by 8
A lightweight vehicle detection network fusing feature pyramid and channel attention
Lu, J. G., Huang, T., Zhang, Q., Chen, X., & Zhou, J. (2024) · Internet of Things · doi:10.1016/j.iot.2024.101166 · Cited by 8
Power Quality Improvement of Integrated PV System with PID Controller Based Shunt Active Filter
Reddy, D. R., Aravindh, V., Kondalu, M., Reddy, C. R., Sekhar, O. C., & Pandian, A. (2022) · IEEE North Karnataka Subsection Flagship International Conference (NKCon) · doi:10.1109/nkcon56289.2022.10126567 · Cited by 7
A Multi-scale Feature Fusion Network Focusing on Small Objects in UAV-View
Li, J., Yu, C., Wei, W., Li, J., Huang, K., Hussian, A., Liu, X., & Zhou, Y. (2025) · Cognitive Computation · doi:10.1007/s12559-025-10445-x · Cited by 12
Liang, Q. (2021) · Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience · doi:10.1155/2021/6170070 · Cited by 7
Efficient multi-model integration neural network framework for nighttime vehicle detection
Li, J., Xiao, D., & Yang, Q. (2022) · Multimedia Tools and Applications · doi:10.1007/s11042-022-12857-5 · Cited by 7
Deshmukh, P., Majhi, S., Sahoo, U. K., & Das, S. K. (2023) · Transportation Letters · doi:10.1080/19427867.2023.2250622 · Cited by 7
Transfer Learning of Pre-Trained CNN Models for Fingerprint Liveness Detection
Samma, H., & Suandi, S. A. (2020) · IntechOpen eBooks · doi:10.5772/intechopen.93473 · Cited by 7
A Study for Selecting the Best One-Stage Detector for Autonomous Driving
Chun, D., Choi, J., Kim, H., & Lee, H. (2019) · International Technical Conference on Circuits/Systems, Computers and Communications (ITC-CSCC) · doi:10.1109/itc-cscc.2019.8793291 · Cited by 7
Lu, F., Xie, F., Shen, S., Yang, J., Zhao, J., Sun, R., & Huang, L. (2020) · Applied Sciences · doi:10.3390/app10175883 · Cited by 7
Occlusion-Aware Detection for Internet of Vehicles in Urban Traffic Sensing Systems
Chen, L., Ruan, Y., Fan, H., Zhu, H., Chen, X., & Chen, Q. (2020) · Mobile Networks and Applications · doi:10.1007/s11036-020-01668-3 · Cited by 7
Vehicle Detection in Deep LearningPreprint
Xiao, Y. (2019) · arXiv (Cornell University) · doi:10.48550/arxiv.1905.13390 · Cited by 8
Self-citationMachine Learning-Based Real-Time Traffic Control System
Jain, S., Singh, A., Shah, S. N., Lalam, R., & Saxena, D. (2021) · IEEE Mysore Sub Section International Conference (MysuruCon) · doi:10.1109/mysurucon52639.2021.9641643 · Cited by 6
Deep Learning Methods Application for Object Detection Tasks Using Unmanned Aerial Vehicles
Babaryka, A., Katerynchuk, I., Klymash, M. M., & ЧЕСАНОВСЬКИЙ, І. (2022) · IEEE International Conference on Advanced Trends in Radioelectronics, Telecommunications and Computer Engineering (TCSET) · doi:10.1109/tcset55632.2022.9766891 · Cited by 6
Semi‐MoreGAN: Semi‐supervised Generative Adversarial Network for Mixture of Rain Removal
Shen, Y., Wang, Y., Wei, M., Chen, H., Xie, H., Cheng, G., & Wang, F. L. (2022) · Computer Graphics Forum · doi:10.1111/cgf.14690 · Cited by 6
Self-citationEnhanced real-time road-vehicles’ detection and tracking for driving assistance
Farag, W., & Nadeem, M. (2024) · International Journal of Knowledge-based and Intelligent Engineering Systems · doi:10.3233/kes-230062 · Cited by 7
Traffic state prediction using conditionally Gaussian observed Markov fuzzy switching model
Bouyahia, Z., Haddad, H., Derrode, S., & Wojciech Pieczynski, E. (2022) · Journal of Intelligent Transportation Systems · doi:10.1080/15472450.2022.2069498 · Cited by 6
Waqar, M., Ishaq, M., Afzal, M. H., & Iqbal, S. (2023) · International Conference on Computing, Mathematics and Engineering Technologies (iCoMET) · doi:10.1109/icomet57998.2023.10099381 · Cited by 6
Continual Learning with Bayesian Model Based on a Fixed Pre-Trained Feature ExtractorPreprint
Yang, Y., Cui, Z., Xu, J., Zhong, C., Zheng, W., & Wang, R. (2022) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.4152856 · Cited by 6
Deep Learning for Small and Tiny Object Detection: A Survey
Kos, A., Belter, D., & Majek, K. (2023) · Pomiary, Automatyka, Robotyka · doi:10.14313/par_249/85 · Cited by 7
Liu, W., Deng, T., & Yan, F. (2025) · IEEE International Conference on Acoustics Speech and Signal Processing · doi:10.1109/icassp49660.2025.10889912 · Cited by 5
Vehicle detection in CCTV with global-guided self-attention and convolution
Guo, Y., Yamamoto, Y., Yaginuma, H., & Taniguchi, Y. (2025) · Complex & Intelligent Systems · doi:10.1007/s40747-025-02073-7 · Cited by 6
Metadata
- Authors
- Hu, X., Xu, X., Xiao, Y., Chen, H., He, S., Qin, J., & Heng, P.-A.
- Affiliations
- South China University of Technology (CN)
- Chinese University of Hong Kong (HK)
- Hong Kong Polytechnic University (HK)
- Venue
- IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems
- Published
- 2019-03
- Volume
- 20
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 1010-1019
- ISSN
- 1524-9050 (ISSN-L)
- 1558-0016
- OpenAlex
- W2795812085
- Cited by
- 341
- References
- 67
- Citations by year
- 2026: 16 · 2025: 39 · 2024: 39 · 2023: 55 · 2022: 56 · 2021: 51 · 2020: 45 · 2019: 38
- FWCI
- 17.02
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- arxiv.org
- Licence
- Locations
- IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems (publishedVersion)
- arXiv (Cornell University) (submittedVersion)
- Singapore Management University Institutional Knowledge (InK) (Singapore Management University) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Rare & Special e-Zone (The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology) (submittedVersion)
- arXiv (Cornell University)
- Funders
- National Natural Science Foundation of China (61772206, U1611461, 61472145, 61702194)
- Special Fund of Science and Technology Research and Development on Application from Guangdong Province (2016B010124011, 2016B010127003)
- Guangdong High-level Personnel of Special Support Program (2016TQ03X319)
- Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province (2017A030311027, 2017A030312008)
- Major Project in Industrial Technology in Guangzhou (2018-0601-ZB-0271)
- Hong Kong Polytechnic University (1-ZE8J)
- Hong Kong Ph.D. Fellowship
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition › Advanced Neural Network Applications
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Automotive Engineering › Autonomous Vehicle Technology and Safety
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition › Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques
- Keywords
- vehicle detection, scale variance, small object detection, traffic images, KITTI dataset, real-time detection
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review