The DOI matches its Crossref record; 1 of the 1 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
A Novel Composite Right-/Left-Handed Coupled-Line Directional Coupler With Arbitrary Coupling Level and Broad Bandwidth
Abstract
A novel composite right-/left-handed (CRLH) backward-wave coupled-line directional coupler with arbitrary coupling level and broad bandwidth is presented, explained by even/odd-mode analysis, validated by full-wave simulations, and demonstrated by experiments. First, the CRLH-transmission-line (CRLH TL) theory is given, and a microstrip implementation of a CRLH TL is described. A simple circuit model is then proposed both for the understanding and design of the coupler. The coupler exhibits very unusual characteristics, such as zero electrical length, imaginary even/odd-mode characteristic impedances, and coupling dependence on even/odd attenuation length (instead of propagation length). Both a quasi-0and 3-dB coupler are demonstrated experimentally. The 3-dB coupler exhibits amplitude balance of /spl plusmn/2 dB over a huge bandwidth of 50% (3.5-5.8 GHz), phase balance of 90/spl deg//spl plusmn/5/spl deg/ from 3.0 to 4.0 GHz and directivity of 20 dB.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Negative Refraction Makes a Perfect Lens
Pendry, J. B. (2000) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.85.3966 · Cited by 12,159
Cited by
Metamaterials: a new frontier of science and technology
Liu, Y., & Zhang, X. (2011) · Chemical Society Reviews · doi:10.1039/c0cs00184h · Cited by 1,086
A positive future for double-negative metamaterials
Engheta, N., & Ziolkowski, R. W. (2005) · IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques · doi:10.1109/tmtt.2005.845188 · Cited by 448
Metadata
- Authors
- Caloz, C., Sanada, A., & Itoh, T.
- Venue
- IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques
- Published
- 2004-03
- Volume
- 52
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 980-992
- ISSN
- 0018-9480 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2167027994
- Cited by
- 516
- References
- 1
- FWCI
- 51.34
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: A Novel Composite Right-/Left-Handed Coupled-Line Directional Coupler With Arbitrary Coupling Level and Broad Bandwidth. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1109/tmtt.2004.823579
- The paper
- Caloz, C., Sanada, A., & Itoh, T. (2004). A Novel Composite Right-/Left-Handed Coupled-Line Directional Coupler With Arbitrary Coupling Level and Broad Bandwidth. IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques. https://doi.org/10.1109/tmtt.2004.823579
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
