The DOI matches its Crossref record; 15 of the 15 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Human-robot interactions during the robot-assisted urban search and rescue response at the World Trade Center
Abstract
The World Trade Center (WTC) rescue response provided an unfortunate opportunity to study the human-robot interactions (HRI) during a real unstaged rescue for the first time. A post-hoc analysis was performed on the data collected during the response, which resulted in 17 findings on the impact of the environment and conditions on the HRI: the skills displayed and needed by robots and humans, the details of the Urban Search and Rescue (USAR) task, the social informatics in the USAR domain, and what information is communicated at what time. The results of this work impact the field of robotics by providing a case study for HRI in USAR drawn from an unstaged USAR effort. Eleven recommendations are made based on the findings that impact the robotics, computer science, engineering, psychology, and rescue fields. These recommendations call for group organization and user confidence studies, more research into perceptual and assistive interfaces, and formal models of the state of the robot, state of the world, and information as to what has been observed.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Murphy, R. R. (2001) · Industrial Robot: An International Journal · doi:10.1108/ir.2001.28.3.266.1 · Cited by 1,052
Self-citation(2008) · Did I Ever Tell You about the Whale? · doi:10.1108/978-1-60752-852-420251005 · Cited by 404
MURPHY, M. (2004) · Cited by 361
CONRO: Towards Deployable Robots with Inter-Robots Metamorphic Capabilities
Castaño, A., Shen, W., & Will, P. M. (2000) · Autonomous Robots · doi:10.1023/a:1008985810481 · Cited by 210
Marsupial and shape-shifting robots for urban search and rescue
Murphy, R. R. (2000) · IEEE Intelligent Systems and their Applications · doi:10.1109/5254.850822 · Cited by 190
Self-citationUrban search and rescue robots: from tragedy to technology
Davids, A. (2002) · IEEE Intelligent Systems · doi:10.1109/5254.999224 · Cited by 184
Kitano, H. (2016) · AI Magazine · doi:10.1609/aimag.v37i1.2642 · Cited by 159
The RoboCup-Rescue project: a robotic approach to the disaster mitigation problem
Tadokoro, S., Kitano, H., Takahashi, T., Noda, I., Matsubara, H., Shinjoh, A., Koto, T., Takeuchi, I., Takahashi, H., Matsuno, F., et al. (2002) · Proceedings - IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation/Proceedings · doi:10.1109/robot.2000.845369 · Cited by 125
Urban search and rescue robots: from tragedy to technology
Davids, A. (2002) · IEEE Intelligent Systems · doi:10.1109/mis.2002.999224 · Cited by 111
A Standard Test Course for Urban Search and Rescue Robots
Jacoff, A. S., Messina, E. R., & Evans, J. (2000) · Cited by 94
Cited by
Human–Robot Interaction: A Survey
Goodrich, M. A., & Schultz, A. C. (2008) · Foundations and Trends® in Human–Computer Interaction · doi:10.1561/1100000005 · Cited by 1,541
Kinematics for multisection continuum robots
Jones, B. A., & Walker, I. D. (2006) · IEEE Transactions on Robotics · doi:10.1109/tro.2005.861458 · Cited by 955
Common metrics for human-robot interaction
Steinfeld, A., Fong, T., Kaber, D., Lewis, M., Scholtz, J., Schultz, A., & Goodrich, M. (2006) · Proceedings of the 1st ACM SIGCHI/SIGART conference on Human-robot interaction · doi:10.1145/1121241.1121249 · Cited by 756
Human–Robot Interaction in Rescue Robotics
Murphy, R. R. (2004) · IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man and Cybernetics, Part C (Applications and Reviews) · doi:10.1109/tsmcc.2004.826267 · Cited by 677
Self-citationHuman Performance Issues and User Interface Design for Teleoperated Robots
Chen, J. Y. C., Haas, E. C., & Barnes, M. J. (2007) · IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man and Cybernetics, Part C (Applications and Reviews) · doi:10.1109/tsmcc.2007.905819 · Cited by 646
Metadata
- Authors
- Casper, J., & Murphy, R. R.
- Venue
- IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Part B (Cybernetics)
- Published
- 2003-06
- Volume
- 33
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 367-385
- ISSN
- 1083-4419 (ISSN-L)
- 1941-0492
- OpenAlex
- W2110795172
- Cited by
- 938
- References
- 15
- FWCI
- 45.17
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Human-robot interactions during the robot-assisted urban search and rescue response at the World Trade Center. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1109/tsmcb.2003.811794
- The paper
- Casper, J., & Murphy, R. R. (2003). Human-robot interactions during the robot-assisted urban search and rescue response at the World Trade Center. IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Part B (Cybernetics). https://doi.org/10.1109/tsmcb.2003.811794
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
