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An HMM-based speech synthesis system applied to English
Abstract
This paper describes an HMM-based speech synthesis system (HTS), in which the speech waveform is generated from HMM themselves, and applies it to English speech synthesis using the general speech synthesis architecture of Festival. Similarly to other data-driven speech synthesis approaches, HTS has a compact language dependent module: a list of contextual factors. Thus, it could easily be extended to other languages, though the first version of HTS was implemented for Japanese. The resulting run-time engine of HTS has the advantage of being small: less than 1 Mbyte, excluding text analysis part. Furthermore, HTS can easily change voice characteristics of synthesized speech by using a speaker adaptation technique developed for speech recognition. The relation between the HMM-based approach and other unit selection approaches is also discussed.
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Cited by
Voice Conversion Based on Maximum-Likelihood Estimation of Spectral Parameter Trajectory
Toda, T., Black, A. W., & Tokuda, K. (2007) · IEEE Transactions on Audio, Speech and Language Processing · doi:10.1109/tasl.2007.907344 · Cited by 937
Synthetic speech detection through short-term and long-term prediction traces
Borrelli, C., Bestagini, P., Antonacci, F., Sarti, A., & Tubaro, S. (2021) · EURASIP Journal on Information Security · doi:10.1186/s13635-021-00116-3 · Cited by 80
Error-correction detection and response generation in a spoken dialogue system
Bulyko, I., Kirchhoff, K., Ostendorf, M., & Goldberg, J. (2005) · Speech Communication · doi:10.1016/j.specom.2004.09.009 · Cited by 36
Continuous interaction with a virtual human
Reidsma, D., de Kok, I., Neiberg, D., Pammi, S. C., van Straalen, B., Truong, K., & van Welbergen, H. (2011) · Journal on Multimodal User Interfaces · doi:10.1007/s12193-011-0060-x · Cited by 35
Metadata
- Venue
- Proceedings of 2002 IEEE Workshop on Speech Synthesis 2002 WSS-02
- Publisher
- IEEE
- Published
- 2002
- Pages
- 227-230
- OpenAlex
- W344150399
- Cited by
- 319
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 1.63
- Type
- conference paper
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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