Cited by 310Psychological Well-being and Life SatisfactionLeadership, Courage, and Heroism StudiesOptimism, Hope, and Well-being

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Character Strengths Before and After September 11

Peterson, Christopher, Seligman, Martin E.P.·2003·Psychological Science

DOI 10.1111/1467-9280.24482

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Abstract

Did Americans change following the September 11 terrorist attacks? We provide a tentative answer with respect to the positive traits included in the Values in Action Classification of Strengths and measured with a self-report questionnaire available on-line and completed by 4,817 respondents. When scores for individuals completing the survey in the 2 months immediately after September 11 were compared with scores for those individuals who completed the survey before September 11, seven character strengths showed increases: gratitude, hope, kindness, leadership, love, spirituality, and teamwork. Ten months after September 11, these character strengths were still elevated, although to a somewhat lesser degree than immediately following the attacks.

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Self-citation

Authors: Peterson, C., & Seligman, M. E. P.
Affiliations: University of Michigan (US)
University of Pennsylvania (US)
Corresponding author: Peterson, Christopher
ORCID: Peterson, Christopher
Seligman, Martin E.P.
Venue: Psychological Science
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Published: 2003-07
Volume: 14
Issue: 4
Pages: 381-384
ISSN: 0956-7976 (ISSN-L)
1467-9280
DOI: 10.1111/1467-9280.24482
OpenAlex: W2130702316
Cited by: 310
References: 11
Citations by year: 2026: 9 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 17 · 2022: 17 · 2021: 27 · 2020: 17 · 2019: 13 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 17 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 11 · 2013: 13 · 2012: 18
FWCI: 13.90
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: journals.sagepub.com/page/policies/text-and-data-mining-license (tdm)
Locations: Psychological Science (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Psychological Well-being and Life Satisfaction
Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Leadership, Courage, and Heroism Studies
Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Optimism, Hope, and Well-being
Keywords: character strengths, September 11 attacks, gratitude, hope, kindness, leadership, love, spirituality, teamwork, positive psychology, terrorism
MeSH terms: Adult, Aircraft, Character, District of Columbia, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Male, New York City, Personality Inventory, Psychometrics, Religion and Psychology, Social Values, Terrorism, Spirituality

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Character Strengths Before and After September 11

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