Exploring selective attention in ADHD: visual search through space and time
Abstract
BACKGROUND: In order to examine the mechanisms mediating selective attention in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), this study compared the performance of children diagnosed with ADHD to non-clinical controls on a visual search task in three conditions. METHOD: In the single feature condition, the target differed from distractors in terms of shape only, whilst in the conjunction baseline, the target was defined by shape and colour relative to distractors. In the preview condition, the conjunction stimuli were segmented over time, so that one set of distractors appeared first, followed 1000 ms later by the second set with the target. RESULTS: Although children with ADHD were slower overall than controls, RTs revealed no difference in search mechanisms between groups; for all children, search was more efficient in the single feature and preview conditions than in the conjunction baseline. However, children with ADHD made more errors, especially in the conjunction and preview conditions. CONCLUSIONS: Children with ADHD were not impaired in their mechanisms of visual search relative to controls, but their error patterns implied the adoption of a premature response deadline in the conjunction search condition, and an occasional failure to inhibit old items in the preview condition.
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There is ample evidence of impairment in filtering distractors by children with ADHD compared to those without.
“Nevertheless, there appears to be ample evidence of an impairment in the filtering of distractors by children with ADHD compared to those without (e.g. [95,97,101] ).”
From Linking ADHD to the Neural Circuitry of Attention (2017) · cites this paper as [101]
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What does distractibility in ADHD reveal about mechanisms for top-down attentional control?
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- Authors
- Mason, D. J., Humphreys, G. W., & Kent, L. S.
- Affiliations
- University of Birmingham (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Mason, Deanna J.
- ORCID
- Kent, Lindsey S.
- Venue
- Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2003-10-16
- Volume
- 44
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 1158-1176
- ISSN
- 0021-9630 (ISSN-L)
- 1469-7610
- OpenAlex
- W1973274609
- Cited by
- 88
- References
- 3
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 4
- FWCI
- 2.87
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- University of Birmingham Research Portal (University of Birmingham) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Wellcome Trust
- Medical Research Council
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition › Visual Attention and Saliency Detection
- Keywords
- attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, selective attention, visual search, conjunction search, response deadlines, children
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Analysis of Variance, Attention, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Child, Female, Humans, Intelligence Tests, Male, Pattern Recognition, Visual, Reaction Time, Reference Values, Task Performance and Analysis, Time Factors
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