Cited by 879Language Development and DisordersNeurobiology of Language and BilingualismReading and Literacy Development

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Psycholinguistic Markers for Specific Language Impairment (SLI)

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Conti‐Ramsden, Gina, Botting, Nicola, Faragher, Brian·2001·Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry

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Abstract

In this study 160 children, aged 11 years with a definite history of specific language impairment (SLI), completed four tasks that could be potential positive psycholinguistic markers for this impairment: a third person singular task, a past tense task, a nonword repetition task, and a sentence repetition task. This allowed examination of more than one type of marker simultaneously, facilitating both comparisons between markers and also evaluation of combinations of markers in relation to identifying SLI. The study also provided data regarding the markers in relation to nonverbal IQ, made use of new normative data on all tasks, and examined marker accuracy in relation to current language status. The results show that markers vary in accuracy, with sentence repetition (a previously unused marker) proving to be the most useful. This psycholinguistic marker shows high levels of sensitivity (90%), specificity (85%), and overall accuracy (88%), as well as being able to identify the majority of children whose current language status falls in the normal range despite a history of SLI.

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Background
Verbal and non‐verbal development in SLI children after early intervention
Sajaniemi, N. K., Suhonen, E., & Kontu, E. K. (2008) · Early Child Development and Care · doi:10.1080/03004430802090679 · Cited by 9
The Potential of Past Tense Marking in Oral Reading as a Clinical Marker of Specific Language Impairment in School-Age Children.
Werfel, K. L., Hendricks, A. E., & Schuele, C. (2017) · Journal of Speech, Language and Hearing Research · doi:10.1044/2017_jslhr-l-17-0115 · Cited by 7
Del trastorn específic del llenguatge (TEL) al trastorn del desenvolupament del llenguatge (TDL): un canvi de concepció sobre els trastorns del llenguatge
Aguilar-Mediavilla, E. M., Buil‐Legaz, L., Esteller, À., & Pérez-Castelló, J. A. (2019) · Llengua societat i comunicació · doi:10.1344/lsc-2019.17.7 · Cited by 9
“La limitada imitació de frases i de no paraules s’ha proposat com un marcador del trastorn del desenvolupament del llenguatge en moltes llengües, independent a variables socials i lingüístiques (Conti-Ramsden et al. 2001).”
Background
Is it still autism? The increasing broadening of the autism spectrum
Bertelli, M. O., Boniotti, V., & Scior, K. (2024) · Autism Research · doi:10.1002/aur.3282 · Cited by 10
Morphosyntactic skills in Arabic-speaking children with autism spectrum disorder: Evidence from error patterns in the sentence repetition task
El-Raziq, M. A., Meir, N., & Saiegh‐Haddad, E. (2024) · Autism & Developmental Language Impairments · doi:10.1177/23969415241234649 · Cited by 8
Why Roma Children Need Language Asessments in Romani
Kyuchukov, H., de Villiers, J., & Tabori, A. T. (2017) · Psychology of Language and Communication · doi:10.1515/plc-2017-0011 · Cited by 8
A View of the Lexical–Grammatical Link in Young Latinos With Specific Language Impairment Using Language-Specific and Conceptual Measures
Méndez, L. I., & Simon‐Cereijido, G. (2019) · Journal of Speech Language and Hearing Research · doi:10.1044/2019_jslhr-l-18-0315 · Cited by 8
Russian–German five-year-olds: What omissions in sentence repetition tell us about linguistic knowledge, memory skills and their interrelation
Stadtmiller, E., Lindner, K., Süss, A. M. A., & Gagarina, N. V. (2021) · Journal of Child Language · doi:10.1017/s0305000921000325 · Cited by 8
“In addition, many prominent results in SRT research (including claims about the tests ’ sensitivity and specificity) have been based upon number of errors or error analysis rather than identical repetition (e.g., Conti-Ramsden et al., 2001).”
LITMUS SRep – een zinsherhaaltaak voor het Nederlands
Jong, J. D., Blom, E., & van Dijk, C. N. (2021) · Stem- Spraak- en Taalpathologie · doi:10.21827/32.8310/2021-96 · Cited by 8
Number agreement processing in adolescents with and without developmental language disorder (DLD): evidence from event-related brain potentials
Courteau, É., Royle, P., & Steinhauer, K. (2023) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-023-49121-1 · Cited by 8
“The Recalling sentence task, which marshals lexico-semantic, morphological, and syntactic domains, has been shown to discriminate between typical and disordered language development in English 38 and in French 9,39 .”
BackgroundInfluential
Production of relative clauses in Cantonese-speaking children with and without Developmental Language Disorder
Lai, J., Chan, A., & Kidd, E. (2024) · Brain and Language · doi:10.1016/j.bandl.2024.105425 · Cited by 8
Subject Relative Production in SLI Children during Syntactic Priming and Sentence Repetition
Coco, M. I., Garraffa, M., & Branigan, H. P. (2012) · eScholarship (California Digital Library) · Cited by 8
Investigation of the language tasks to include in a short‐language measure for children in the early school years
Matov, J., Mensah, F. K., Cook, F., & Reilly, S. (2018) · International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders · doi:10.1111/1460-6984.12378 · Cited by 9
“…were investigated by measuring their agreement across the full scale of an omnibus measure and accuracy to distinguish LL. Previous studies that have investigated the value of combining tasks have only measured accuracy (Archibald and Joanisse 2009, Conti-Ramsden et al. 2001, Poll et al. 2010).”
BackgroundResultInfluential
The working memory of individuals with Down Syndrome
Doerr, E. M., Carretti, B., & Lanfranchi, S. (2019) · International review of research in developmental disabilities · doi:10.1016/bs.irrdd.2019.06.006 · Cited by 8
Nonword Repetition in Terms of Subtypes of Children with Speech Sound Disorders
Ha, S. (2020) · Eon'eo cheong'gag jang'ae yeon'gu/Communication sciences & disorders · doi:10.12963/csd.20763 · Cited by 8
Sentence repetition and non-word repetition in early total French immersion
Scheidnes, M. (2019) · Applied Psycholinguistics · doi:10.1017/s0142716419000420 · Cited by 7
Children With Developmental Language Disorder Have Lower Quality of Life Than Children With Typical Development and Children With Cochlear Implants
Haukedal, C. L., Wie, O. B., Schauber, S. K., & Torkildsen, J. V. K. (2023) · Journal of Speech Language and Hearing Research · doi:10.1044/2023_jslhr-22-00742 · Cited by 9
Longitudinal Effects on Early Adolescent Language: A Twin Study
Harlaar, N., DeThorne, L. S., Mahurin‐Smith, J., Betancourt, M. A., & Petrill, S. A. (2016) · Journal of Speech Language and Hearing Research · doi:10.1044/2016_jslhr-l-15-0257 · Cited by 8
Changes in English Past Tense Use by Bilingual School-Age Children With and Without Developmental Language Disorder
Jacobson, P. F., & Yu, Y. H. (2018) · Journal of Speech Language and Hearing Research · doi:10.1044/2018_jslhr-l-17-0044 · Cited by 9
The Changing Perception of Communication Needs—A Litmus Test for the Warnock Legacy
Law, J. (2019) · Frontiers in Education · doi:10.3389/feduc.2019.00042 · Cited by 8
The Morphosyntactic Abilities of Bilingual Malay Preschool Children Based on the Malay and English Sentence Repetition Tasks
Hamim, Z. H., Razak, R. A., & Hamid, B. A. (2021) · Pertanika journal of social science & humanities · doi:10.47836/pjssh.29.1.04 · Cited by 7
“The high diagnostic accuracy, specificity, and sensitivity of SR have made the task to be a reliable measure of language impairment (Conti-Ramsden et al., 2001; Leclercq et al., 2014; Marinis & Armon-Lotem, 2015; Orlovska & Rascevska, 2014; Riches, 2012; Riches et al., 2010; Seeff-Gabriel et al., 2010; Stokes et al.,…”
Background
Promoting Language Skills in Children With Neuromotor and Intellectual Disorders: Telepractice at the Time of SARS-CoV-2
Micheletti, S., Galli, J., Scaglioni, V., Renzetti, S., Scarano, E., Foresti, V., & Fazzi, E. M. (2021) · American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology · doi:10.1044/2021_ajslp-20-00222 · Cited by 7
Phonological characteristics of novel gesture production in children with developmental language disorder: Longitudinal findings
Factor, L., & Goffman, L. (2021) · Applied Psycholinguistics · doi:10.1017/s0142716421000540 · Cited by 7
“The CELF-4 Recalling Sentences subtest scores at time point three were entered as the language outcome variable because this task has been found to be both sensitive and specific to language impairment status (Archibald & Joanisse, 2009; Conti-Ramsden et al., 2001).”
Method
Special Needs Assessment in Bilingual School-Age Children in Germany
Hertel, I., Chilla, S., & Ibrahim, L. A. (2021) · Languages · doi:10.3390/languages7010004 · Cited by 7
Nonword repetition to identify DLD in older school-age children
Thordardottir, E. T., & Reid, H. J. (2022) · Enfance · doi:10.3917/enf2.221.0059 · Cited by 6
Insights from real-time comprehension of Spanish verbal tense in children with developmental language disorder: An eye-tracking study
Christou, S., Andreu, L., Coloma, C. J., Guerra, E., Araya, C., Rodríguez‐Ferreiro, J., & Sanz‐Torrent, M. (2022) · Applied Psycholinguistics · doi:10.1017/s0142716422000042 · Cited by 8
“…children with DLD, for example, the most significant problems appear in the production of the verbal inflections of the third person singular and past and present progressive tenses (Conti-Ramsden et al., 2001; Hoover et al., 2012; Leonard et al., 1997; Rice et al., 1995; Rice & Wexler, 1996).”
BackgroundInfluential
Impact of Nonmainstream Dialect Use in Language Assessment with Young African American English-Speaking Children
Lee‐James, R., & Johnson, L. (2022) · Literacy studies · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-80072-7_18 · Cited by 8
The Association of Sentence Imitation with Other Language Domains in Bilingual Children
Grech, H. (2022) · Journal of Child Science · doi:10.1055/s-0042-1743528 · Cited by 7

Authors: Conti‐Ramsden, G., Botting, N., & Faragher, B.
Affiliations: University of Manchester (GB)
ORCID: Conti‐Ramsden, Gina
Botting, Nicola
Venue: Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry
Publisher: Wiley
Published: 2001-09
Volume: 42
Issue: 6
Pages: 741-748
ISSN: 0021-9630 (ISSN-L)
1469-7610
DOI: 10.1111/1469-7610.00770
OpenAlex: W2131789329
Cited by: 879
References: 33
Citations by year: 2026: 18 · 2025: 24 · 2024: 31 · 2023: 45 · 2022: 40 · 2021: 43 · 2020: 96 · 2019: 39 · 2018: 47 · 2017: 60 · 2016: 40 · 2015: 47 · 2014: 52 · 2013: 35 · 2012: 48
FWCI: 22.28
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Licence: onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor, 767 d)
Locations: Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Research Explorer (The University of Manchester) (submittedVersion)
Funders: Nuffield Foundation
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Language Development and Disorders
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neurobiology of Language and Bilingualism
Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Reading and Literacy Development
Keywords: specific language impairment, psycholinguistic markers, sentence imitation, non-word repetition, third person singular, nonverbal intelligence, reference values, diagnostic accuracy, language assessment, children
MeSH terms: Child, Cognition, Female, Humans, Language Disorders, Language Tests, Male, Psycholinguistics, Psychological Tests, Sensitivity and Specificity

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Psycholinguistic Markers for Specific Language Impairment (SLI)

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