Cited by 615Archaeology and ancient environmental studiesCultural Heritage Materials AnalysisSoil and Environmental Studies

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The survival of organic matter in bone: a review

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Collins, M. J., Nielsen–Marsh, C. M., Hiller, J., Smith, C. I., Roberts, J. P., Prigodich, R. V., Wess, T. J., Csapò, J., Millard, A. R., Turner–Walker, G.·2002·Archaeometry

DOI 10.1111/1475-4754.t01-1-00071

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Abstract

If bone is considered as a composite of collagen (protein) and bioapatite (mineral), then three pathways of diagenesis are identified: (1) chemical deterioration of the organic phase; (2) chemical deterioration of the mineral phase; and (3) (micro) biological attack of the composite. The first of these three pathways is relatively unusual and will only occur in environments that are geochemically stable for bone mineral. However, because rates of biomolecular deterioration in the burial environment are slow, such bones would yield useful biomolecular information. In most environments, bones are not in thermodynamic equilibrium with the soil solution, and undergo chemical deterioration (path 2). Dissolution of the mineral exposes collagen to biodeterioration, and in most cases the initial phase of dissolution will be followed by microbial attack (path 3). Biological attack (3) also proceeds by initial demineralization; therefore paths 2 and 3 are functionally equivalent. However,in a bone that follows path 3 the damage is more localized than in path 2, and regions equivalent to path 1 may therefore exist outside these zones of destruction. Other biomolecules, such as blood proteins, cellular lipids and DNA, exist within the physiological spaces within bone.For these biomolecules, death history may be particularly important for their survival.

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Microfocused X-ray methodologies for the biogeochemical study of archaeological and modern otoliths
Cook, P. K. (2015) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/b5e36300za6f9z4c27za043z03cd33782d1b
Taphonomie osseuse humaine au micro-scanner
Garff, E. L. (2018) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/e077192cze703z4d59zb9c5z69b5d20815f8
Functional Analysis of the Lithic Assemblages from the Middle and Upper Paleolithic sites of Khorramabad Valley (Western Iran), with special reference to Kaldar Cave
Tumung, L. (2019) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/0b6124a8z76edz4b05z870az1817cbc53f4a
Two stage reorganization of bone apatite during heating
Bibko, A. A., Shendrik, R. Y., Bukharova, O. V., Antonov, M. S., Khrushcheva, M. O., & Lychagin, D. V. (2026) · МИНЕРАЛОГИЯ (MINERALOGY) · doi:10.35597/2313-545x-2026-12-1-6
Etudes de signatures ultrasonores de l'os en vue d'une datation post mortem
Angermuller, A. (2021) · doi:10.70675/d849fd68z428cz4bffzab83z3b5dba810d86
Origine, évolution et extinction de Sylviornis neocaledoniae, oiseau non-volant de Nouvelle-Calédonie
Riamon, S. (2022) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/f974be0dz0867z4e9cz9f8cz453cc20fccaa
Étude isotopique de populations de Gaule du Nord durant le Second Âge du Fer : climat, alimentation, migrations
Clauzel, T. (2022) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/5b2f22f2z4862z4a89z85f8zd561f86737e7
Submerged Archaeoanthrosols of the estearias (stilt villages) in Maranhão: A new frontier in Pedoarchaeology in Brazil
da Silva, A. L. S., Schaefer, C. E. G. R., Ker, J. C., Navarro, A. G., Siqueira, R. G., Firmino, F. H. T., & Silva, M. B. E. (2026) · Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo · doi:10.36783/18069657rbcs20250065
Multimodal imaging and molecular analysis of a 350-year-old purple heron mummy
Lackner, M., Zelger, B. G., Schirmer, M., Unterberger, S. H., Pallua, A., Schäfer, G., Sieß, M., Brosch, I., Zelger, B., Degenhart, G., et al. (2026) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-026-49212-9
“These findings indicate excellent conservation of the lacuno-canalicular network despite centuries of glacial entombment 9,12 .”
Microstructural electromechanical coupling changes in bone under sepsis
Tang, C., Xing, Y., Tian, J., & Sun, Y. (2026) · Journal of Biomechanics · doi:10.1016/j.jbiomech.2026.113351
Proteomic profiling of bone for the estimation of post-mortem interval and post-mortem submersion interval: a systematic review
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“Bone tissue particularly cortical and trabecular bone has been studied for its proteomic potential due to its preservation characteristics and resistance to environmental degradation compared to soft tissues [22].”
Tiny Hopes─Assessing Protein Preservation in Collagen-Depleted Bones
Végh, E. I., Afjehi‐Sadat, L., Giannì, M., Horejs, B., Yazbeck, C., & Higham, T. (2026) · Journal of Proteome Research · doi:10.1021/acs.jproteome.5c01274

Authors: Collins, M. J., Nielsen–Marsh, C. M., Hiller, J., Smith, C. I., Roberts, J. P., Prigodich, R. V., Wess, T. J., Csapò, J., Millard, A. R., & Turner–Walker, G.
Affiliations: Newcastle University (GB)
Trinity College (US)
University of Stirling (GB)
Durham University (GB)
ORCID: Collins, M. J.
Smith, C. I.
Millard, A. R.
Venue: Archaeometry
Publisher: Wiley
Published: 2002-08
Volume: 44
Issue: 3
Pages: 383-394
ISSN: 0003-813X (ISSN-L)
1475-4754
DOI: 10.1111/1475-4754.t01-1-00071
OpenAlex: W1980807649
Semantic Scholar: 4c01539cadd487be926e662eff3dc1e017160333
Cited by: 615
References: 113
Citations by year: 2026: 28 · 2025: 28 · 2024: 27 · 2023: 31 · 2022: 43 · 2021: 60 · 2020: 43 · 2019: 34 · 2018: 32 · 2017: 36 · 2016: 30 · 2015: 29 · 2014: 35 · 2013: 25 · 2012: 23
FWCI: 4.25
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Licence: onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor, 137 d)
Locations: Archaeometry (publishedVersion)
Durham Research Online (Durham University) (acceptedVersion)
Durham Research Online (Durham University) (submittedVersion)
White Rose Research Online (University of Leeds, The University of Sheffield, University of York) (submittedVersion)
Durham Research Online (Durham University) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
Newcastle University ePrints (Newcastle Univesity)
Funders: Durham University
Topics: Social Sciences › Archeology › Archaeology and ancient environmental studies
Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Archeology (arts and humanities) › Cultural Heritage Materials Analysis
Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Soil Science › Soil and Environmental Studies
Keywords: bone diagenesis, organic matter preservation, collagen degradation, demineralization, bone DNA, plasma proteins, cellular lipids

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The survival of organic matter in bone: a review

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