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Cited by 17Migration and Labor DynamicsMigration, Refugees, and IntegrationEuropean Law and Migration

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Projecting the fiscal impact of immigration in the European Union

Open access
Christl, Michael, Bélanger, Alain, Conte, Alessandra, Mazza, Jacopo, Narazani, Edlira·2022·Fiscal Studies
DOI 10.1111/1475-5890.12314
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Abstract

Abstract The increasing flow of immigrants into Europe over the last decade has generated a range of considerations in the policy agenda of many receiving countries. One of the main considerations for policymakers and public opinion alike is whether immigrants contribute their ‘fair’ share to their host country's tax and welfare system. In this paper, we assess the net fiscal impact of intra‐EU and extra‐EU migration in 27 European Union (EU) Member States. We find that migrants in the EU, on average, contribute more than natives to welfare states. However, when we take an age‐specific life‐cycle perspective, we find that natives generally show a higher net fiscal contribution than both groups of migrants. Among migrants, extra‐EU migrants contribute less than intra‐EU migrants. We then use a demographic microsimulation model to project the potential net fiscal impact of migration in the EU into the future. We show that despite the fact that intra‐EU migration contributes to reduce the strong negative impact of population ageing, its contribution is not sufficient to offset the negative fiscal consequences.

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Metadata

Authors
Christl, M., Bélanger, A., Conte, A., Mazza, J., & Narazani, E.
Affiliations
  • European Commission (BE)
  • Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (CA)
  • Utrecht University (NL)
Corresponding author
Christl, Michael
ORCID
Venue
Fiscal Studies
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2022-12
Volume
43
Issue
4
Pages
365-385
ISSN
  • 0143-5671 (ISSN-L)
  • 1475-5890
DOI
10.1111/1475-5890.12314
OpenAlex
W4312081217
Cited by
17
References
0
Citations by year
2026: 4 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 4
FWCI
4.68
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Fiscal Studies (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • Utrecht University Repository (Utrecht University) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
  • EspaceINRS (National Institute for Scientific Research (Canada)) (submittedVersion)
  • Social Science Open Access Repository (GESIS – Leibniz Institute for the Social Sciences) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Migration and Labor Dynamics
  • Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Migration, Refugees, and Integration
  • Social Sciences › Law › European Law and Migration
Keywords
immigration, intra-European migration, tax contribution, life cycle perspective, population aging, EU member states, public finance

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CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Projecting the fiscal impact of immigration in the European Union. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1111/1475-5890.12314
The paper
Christl, M., Bélanger, A., Conte, A., Mazza, J., & Narazani, E. (2022). Projecting the fiscal impact of immigration in the European Union. Fiscal Studies. https://doi.org/10.1111/1475-5890.12314