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Human Epidermis Reconstructed by Culture: Is It “Normal”?
Open accessAbstract
Human keratinocytes were grown on a dermal equivalent (or lattice) at the liquid-air interface in an attempt to reconstitute a functional epidermis in vitro. Although the multilayered epithelium thus obtained is well differentiated, as shown by the presence of keratohyaline granules and horny layer, several differences from its in vivo counterpart were also observed: In the reconstructed epidermis, basal keratinocytes do not have the cuboidal shape found in vivo; they synthesize bullous pemphigoid antigen and laminin, but the distribution of these antigens is not linear as in vivo; they contain the plasma-membrane antigens restricted to the basal layer in vivo (VM1, BC1), but these antigens are not polarized; lack of polarization is also evidenced by the distribution of actin. Differentiation markers appear but with a topography slightly different from that of epidermis in vivo; the 67-kD keratin does not appear in the first suprabasal layer as in vivo but above; involucrin, which appears in the granular layers in vivo appears as soon as the cells leave the basal layer. psi 3 antigen and fibronectin found in vivo only in hyperproliferative epidermis (wound healing, psoriasis) are detected. Hyperproliferation would also explain the unexpected straining of basal cells by KL1 monoclonal antibody. Because of the potential clinical or pharmacologic use of artificial epidermis, the question of whether the epidermis obtained in vitro can be considered as "normal" is discussed.
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“Thorough characterization of skin OTC models is imperative for precise modeling utilizing the ALI culture method, which closely mimics the physiological complexity of human skin tissue, including its multilayered structure that comprises three distinct layers: the epidermis, dermis, and the innermost hypodermis [9,24].”
From Diversity of human skin three-dimensional organotypic cultures (2024) · cites this paper as [24]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Asselineau, D., Bernard, B. A., Bailly, C., Darmon, M., & Pruniéras, M.
- Venue
- Journal of Investigative Dermatology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1986-02
- Volume
- 86
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 181-186
- ISSN
- 0022-202X (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2019032943
- Cited by
- 192
- References
- 34
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 3 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 3 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 2
- FWCI
- 4.87
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Investigative Dermatology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Skin and Cellular Biology Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Dermatology › Hair Growth and Disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Wound Healing and Treatments
- Keywords
- reconstructed epidermis, human keratinocytes, dermal equivalent, keratinocyte differentiation, basal keratinocytes, bullous pemphigoid antigen, laminin, plasma membrane antigens, actin polarization, involucrin, fibronectin, hyperproliferation
- MeSH terms
- Dystonin, Epidermal Cells, Collagen Type XVII, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Antigens, Autoantigens, Carrier Proteins, Cell Differentiation, Cells, Cultured, Collagen, Cytoskeletal Proteins, Desmosomes, Epidermis, Humans, Keratins, Laminin, Nerve Tissue Proteins, Non-Fibrillar Collagens
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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