Full Water‐Cycle Monitoring in an Urban Catchment Reveals Unexpected Water Transfers (Detroit MI, USA)
Open accessAbstract
A goal in urban water management is to reduce the volume of stormwater runoff in urban systems and the effect of combined sewer overflows into receiving waters. Effective management of stormwater runoff in urban systems requires an accounting of various components of the urban water balance. To that end, precipitation, evapotranspiration (ET), sewer flow, and groundwater in a 3.40‐hectare sewershed in Detroit, Michigan were monitored to capture the response of the sewershed to stormwater flow prior to implementation of stormwater control measures. Monitoring results indicate that stormflow in sewers was not initiated unless rain depth was 3.6 mm or greater. ET removed more than 40% of the precipitation in the sewershed, whereas pipe flow accounted for 19%–85% of the losses. Flows within the sewer that could not be associated with direct precipitation indicate an unexpected exchange of water between the leaky sewer and the groundwater system, pathways through abandoned or failing residential infrastructure, or a combination of both. Groundwater data indicate that groundwater flows into the leaky combined sewer rather than out. This research demonstrates that urban hydrologic fluxes can modulate the local water cycle in complex ways which affect the efficiency of the wastewater system, effectiveness of stormwater management, and, ultimately, public health.
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In an abandoned residential area in Detroit, a patchwork of crumbling drainage pipes, leaking water pipes, and failing building foundations leads to complex, sometimes horizontal, stormwater flow combined with flow from other sources (urban karst).
“In a stark example, Hoard et al. (2020) were investigating the hydrology of an abandoned residential area in Detroit in anticipation of BMP installation when they detailed what they described as”
From Phase II MS4 challenges: moving toward effective stormwater management for small municipalities (2022) · cites this paper as Hoard et al. 2020
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Phase II MS4 challenges: moving toward effective stormwater management for small municipalities
Rieck, L., Carson, C., Hawley, R. J., Heller, M., Paul, M., Scoggins, M., Zimmerman, M., & Smith, R. F. (2022) · Urban Ecosystems · doi:10.1007/s11252-021-01179-3 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
- Authors
- Hoard, C. J., Haefner, R. J., Shuster, W. D., Pieschek, R. L., & Beeler, S.
- Affiliations
- Upper Midwest Water Science Center (US)
- United States Geological Survey (US)
- Wayne State University (US)
- Drummond Carpenter PLLC Detroit Michigan USA
- Corresponding author
- Haefner, Ralph J.
- Venue
- JAWRA Journal of the American Water Resources Association
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2019-11-20
- Volume
- 56
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 82-99
- ISSN
- 1093-474X (ISSN-L)
- 1752-1688
- PMC
- PMC7425649
- OpenAlex
- W2990958584
- Cited by
- 9
- References
- 1
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 2 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 1
- FWCI
- 0.42
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- JAWRA Journal of the American Water Resources Association (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (DW‐14‐95795201, DW‐14‐95831101)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Environmental Engineering › Urban Stormwater Management Solutions
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Water Science and Technology › Hydrology and Watershed Management Studies
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Civil and Structural Engineering › Water Systems and Optimization
- Keywords
- urban water balance, water cycle monitoring, stormwater runoff, combined sewer overflows, sewer leakage, groundwater-surface water interaction, evapotranspiration, sewer flow, urban hydrology, stormwater management, Detroit
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