The Banff 2019 Kidney Meeting Report (I): Updates on and Clarification of Criteria for T Cell- and Antibody‐mediated Rejection
Open accessAbstract
The XV. Banff conference for allograft pathology was held in conjunction with the annual meeting of the American Society for Histocompatibility and Immunogenetics in Pittsburgh, PA (USA) and focused on refining recent updates to the classification, advances from the Banff working groups, and standardization of molecular diagnostics. This report on kidney transplant pathology details clarifications and refinements to the criteria for chronic active (CA) T cell-mediated rejection (TCMR), borderline, and antibody-mediated rejection (ABMR). The main focus of kidney sessions was on how to address biopsies meeting criteria for CA TCMR plus borderline or acute TCMR. Recent studies on the clinical impact of borderline infiltrates were also presented to clarify whether the threshold for interstitial inflammation in diagnosis of borderline should be i0 or i1. Sessions on ABMR focused on biopsies showing microvascular inflammation in the absence of C4d staining or detectable donor-specific antibodies; the potential value of molecular diagnostics in such cases and recommendations for use of the latter in the setting of solid organ transplantation are presented in the accompanying meeting report. Finally, several speakers discussed the capabilities of artificial intelligence and the potential for use of machine learning algorithms in diagnosis and personalized therapeutics in solid organ transplantation.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The challenges ahead for bringing AI to transplant pathology are implementing digital workflows to routinely scan histological slides and collaborating between centers to establish image databases and bring existing AI tools to transplant pathology.
“Challenges that lie ahead are the implementation of digital workflows to routinely scan histological slides, and collaboration between centers to establish image databases and bring the existing AI tools to transplant pathology (57).”
From Artificial Intelligence: Present and Future Potential for Solid Organ Transplantation (2022) · cites this paper as [57]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
The Banff 97 working classification of renal allograft pathology
Racusen, L. C., Solez, K., Colvin, R. B., Bonsib, S. M., de Castro, M. C. R., Cavallo, T., Croker, B. P., Demetris, A. J., Drachenberg, C. B., Fogo, A. B., et al. (1999) · Kidney International · doi:10.1046/j.1523-1755.1999.00299.x · Cited by 3,026 · see citing works
Self-citationBajema, I. M., Wilhelmus, S., Alpers, C. E., Bruijn, J. A., Colvin, R. B., Cook, H. T., D’Agati, V. D., Ferrario, F., Haas, M., Jennette, J. C., et al. (2018) · Kidney International · doi:10.1016/j.kint.2017.11.023 · Cited by 1,065 · see citing works
Self-citationRacusen, L. C., Colvin, R. B., Solez, K., Mihatsch, M. J., Halloran, P. F., Campbell, P. M., Cecka, M. J., Cosyns, J., Demetris, A. J., Fishbein, M. C., et al. (2003) · American Journal of Transplantation · doi:10.1034/j.1600-6143.2003.00072.x · Cited by 1,053 · see citing works
Self-citationHaas, M., Loupy, A., Lefaucheur, C., Roufosse, C. A., Glotz, D., Serón, D., Nankivell, B. J., Halloran, P. F., Colvin, R. B., Akalin, E., et al. (2017) · American Journal of Transplantation · doi:10.1111/ajt.14625 · Cited by 1,045 · see citing works
Self-citationLoupy, A., Haas, M., Solez, K., Racusen, L. C., Glotz, D., Serón, D., Nankivell, B. J., Colvin, R. B., Afrouzian, M., Akalin, E., et al. (2016) · American Journal of Transplantation · doi:10.1111/ajt.14107 · Cited by 629 · see citing works
Self-citationLoupy, A., Aubert, O., Orandi, B. J., Naesens, M., Bouatou, Y., Raynaud, M., Divard, G., Jackson, A. M., Viglietti, D., Giral, M., et al. (2019) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.l4923 · Cited by 354 · see citing works
Self-citationDeep Learning-Based Histopathologic Assessment of Kidney Tissue
Hermsen, M., de Bel, T., den Boer, M., Steenbergen, E. J., Kers, J., Florquin, S., Roelofs, J. J. T. H., Stegall, M. D., Alexander, M. P., Smith, B. H., et al. (2019) · Journal of the American Society of Nephrology · doi:10.1681/asn.2019020144 · Cited by 344 · see citing works
Nickeleit, V., Singh, H. K., Randhawa, P. S., et al. (2017) · Journal of the American Society of Nephrology · doi:10.1681/asn.2017050477 · Cited by 204 · see citing works
Self-citationDeep Learning Global Glomerulosclerosis in Transplant Kidney Frozen Sections
Marsh, J. N., Matlock, M. K., Kudose, S., Liu, T., Stappenbeck, T. S., Gaut, J. P., & Swamidass, S. J. (2018) · IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging · doi:10.1109/tmi.2018.2851150 · Cited by 174 · see citing works
Lefaucheur, C., Viglietti, D., Bouatou, Y., et al. (2019) · Kidney International · doi:10.1016/j.kint.2019.01.030 · Cited by 160 · see citing works
Self-citationSenev, A., Coemans, M., Lerut, E., et al. (2018) · American Journal of Transplantation · doi:10.1111/ajt.15074 · Cited by 157 · see citing works
Nankivell, B. J., Shingde, M. V., Keung, K. L., et al. (2017) · American Journal of Transplantation · doi:10.1111/ajt.14609 · Cited by 139 · see citing works
Self-citationHaas, M. (2015) · American Journal of Transplantation · doi:10.1111/ajt.13661 · Cited by 118 · see citing works
Self-citationREEVE, J. P., Böhmig, G. A., Eskandary, F. A., et al. (2019) · American Journal of Transplantation · doi:10.1111/ajt.15351 · Cited by 115 · see citing works
The clinical and pathological significance of borderline T cell–mediated rejection
Nankivell, B. J., Agrawal, N., Sharma, A., et al. (2018) · American Journal of Transplantation · doi:10.1111/ajt.15197 · Cited by 114 · see citing works
Self-citationAdam, B., Afzali, B., Dominy, K., et al. (2016) · Clinical Transplantation · doi:10.1111/ctr.12689 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
Self-citationAubert, O., Higgins, S. C., Bouatou, Y., et al. (2019) · Journal of the American Society of Nephrology · doi:10.1681/asn.2018070777 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Molecular phenotype of kidney transplant indication biopsies with inflammation in scarred areas
Halloran, P. F., Matas, A. J., Kasiske, B. L., Madill-Thomsen, K. S., Mackova, M., & Famulski, K. S. (2018) · American Journal of Transplantation · doi:10.1111/ajt.15178 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Bagnasco, S. M., Zachary, A. A., Racusen, L. C., et al. (2013) · Transplantation · doi:10.1097/01.tp.0000437177.40551.f4 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Self-citationBanff Borderline Changes Suspicious for Acute T Cell–Mediated Rejection: Where Do We Stand?
Becker, J. U., Chang, A., Nickeleit, V., et al. (2016) · American Journal of Transplantation · doi:10.1111/ajt.13784 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Self-citationSchinstock, C. A., Sapir‐Pichhadze, R., Naesens, M., et al. (2018) · American Journal of Transplantation · doi:10.1111/ajt.14979 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Self-citationParajuli, S., Redfield, R. R., Garg, N., et al. (2018) · Transplantation · doi:10.1097/tp.0000000000002487 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Sablik, K. A., Groningen, M. C. C., Looman, C. W. N., et al. (2018) · Transplant International · doi:10.1111/tri.13154 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Haas, M. (2018) · American Journal of Transplantation · doi:10.1111/ajt.15088 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Self-citationNankivell, B. J., P’ng, C. H., & Chapman, J. R. (2018) · American Journal of Transplantation · doi:10.1111/ajt.14888 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Self-citationKozakowski, N., Herkner, H., Böhmig, G. A., et al. (2015) · Kidney International · doi:10.1038/ki.2015.64 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Self-citationMolecular Assessment of C4d-Positive Renal Transplant Biopsies Without Evidence of Rejection
Dominy, K., Willicombe, M. K., Johani, T. E. A., et al. (2018) · Kidney International Reports · doi:10.1016/j.ekir.2018.09.005 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Serres, S. A. D., Noël, R., Côté, I., et al. (2015) · American Journal of Transplantation · doi:10.1111/ajt.13624 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Kozakowski, N., Herkner, H., Eskandary, F. A., et al. (2018) · Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation · doi:10.1093/ndt/gfy192 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Self-citationThe Banff schema for antibody-mediated rejection: Lost in translation?
Mannon, R. B. (2018) · American Journal of Transplantation · doi:10.1111/ajt.15033 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Self-citationLituiev, D., Cha, S. J., Chin, A., Glicksberg, B. S., Bishara, A. M., Dobi, D., Cheng, R., Sohn, J. H., Laszik, Z. G., & Hadley, D. (2022) · Clinical Pathology & Research Journal · doi:10.23880/cprj-16000140 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Complement as a Biomarker for Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Ayano, M., & Horiuchi, T. (2023) · Biomolecules · doi:10.3390/biom13020367 · Cited by 100 · see citing works
Artificial Intelligence: Present and Future Potential for Solid Organ Transplantation
Peloso, A., Moeckli, B., Delaune, V., Oldani, G., Andres, A., & Compagnon, P. (2022) · Transplant International · doi:10.3389/ti.2022.10640 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
- Authors
- Loupy, A., Haas, M., Roufosse, C., Naesens, M., Adam, B., Afrouzian, M., Akalin, E., Alachkar, N., Bagnasco, S., Becker, J. U., Cornell, L. D., Clahsen-van Groningen, M. C., Demetris, A. J., Dragun, D., Duong van Huyen, J.-P., Farris, A. B., Fogo, A. B., Gibson, I. W., Glotz, D., Gueguen, J., Kikic, Z., Kozakowski, N., Kraus, E., Lefaucheur, C., Liapis, H., Mannon, R. B., Montgomery, R. A., Nankivell, B. J., Nickeleit, V., Nickerson, P., Rabant, M., Racusen, L., Randhawa, P., Robin, B., Rosales, I. A., Sapir-Pichhadze, R., Schinstock, C. A., Seron, D., Singh, H. K., Smith, R. N., Stegall, M. D., Zeevi, A., Solez, K., Colvin, R. B., & Mengel, M.
- Affiliations
- Inserm (FR)
- Cedars-Sinai Medical Center (US)
- North West London Pathology (GB)
- Universitair Ziekenhuis Leuven (BE)
- University of Alberta (CA)
- The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston (US)
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine (US)
- Johns Hopkins University (US)
- University Hospital Cologne (DE)
- Mayo Clinic (US)
- University of Pittsburgh (US)
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin (DE)
- Emory University (US)
- Vanderbilt University (US)
- University of Manitoba (CA)
- Medical University of Vienna (AT)
- Washington University in St. Louis (US)
- University of Alabama (US)
- NYU Langone Health (US)
- Westmead Hospital (AU)
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (US)
- Harvard University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Loupy, Alexandre
- Haas, Mark
- ORCID
- Loupy, Alexandre
- Haas, Mark
- Roufosse, Candice
- Naesens, Maarten
- Adam, Benjamin
- Afrouzian, Marjan
- Akalin, Enver
- Alachkar, Nada
- Bagnasco, Serena
- Becker, Jan U.
- Cornell, Lynn D.
- Clahsen-van Groningen, Marian C.
- Demetris, Anthony J.
- Dragun, Duska
- Duong van Huyen, Jean-Paul
- Farris, Alton B.
- Fogo, Agnes B.
- Gibson, Ian W.
- Glotz, Denis
- Gueguen, Juliette
- Kozakowski, Nicolas
- Lefaucheur, Carmen
- Liapis, Helen
- Mannon, Roslyn B.
- Montgomery, Robert A.
- Nankivell, Brian J.
- Nickeleit, Volker
- Nickerson, Peter
- Rabant, Marion
- Randhawa, Parmjeet
- Robin, Blaise
- Rosales, Ivy A.
- Schinstock, Carrie A.
- Singh, Harsharan K.
- Smith, Rex N.
- Stegall, Mark D.
- Zeevi, Adriana
- Solez, Kim
- Colvin, Robert B.
- Mengel, Michael
- Venue
- American Journal of Transplantation
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2020-09
- Volume
- 20
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 2318-2331
- ISSN
- 1600-6135 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC7496245
- OpenAlex
- W3031062089
- Cited by
- 834
- References
- 31
- Citations by year
- 2026: 92 · 2025: 155 · 2024: 166 · 2023: 152 · 2022: 147 · 2021: 97 · 2020: 20 · 2013: 2
- FWCI
- 88.30
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- American Journal of Transplantation (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Kölner Universitäts PublikationsServer (Universität zu Köln) (publishedVersion)
- EUR Research Repository (Erasmus University Rotterdam) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- Dipòsit Digital de Documents de la UAB (Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- Lirias (KU Leuven) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- EUR Research Repository (Erasmus University Rotterdam) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- RePub (Erasmus University Rotterdam) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- LA Referencia (Red Federada de Repositorios Institucionales de Publicaciones Científicas) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- Spiral (Imperial College London) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Funders
- CSL Behring
- Elsevier Foundation
- HistoGenetics
- Novartis
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Transplantation › Renal Transplantation Outcomes and Treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Transplantation: Methods and Outcomes
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Organ Donation and Transplantation
- Keywords
- T cell-mediated rejection, antibody-mediated rejection, borderline rejection, interstitial inflammation, C4d staining, donor-specific antibodies, molecular diagnosis, machine learning, solid organ transplantation
- MeSH terms
- Artificial Intelligence, Graft Rejection, Kidney, T-Lymphocytes, Kidney Transplantation
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
