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Cited by 534Perfectionism, Procrastination, Anxiety StudiesStudent Stress and CopingGrit, Self-Efficacy, and Motivation

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 82 of the 82 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Academic Procrastination: Psychological Antecedents Revisited

Steel, Piers, Klingsieck, Katrin B·2016·Australian Psychologist
DOI 10.1111/ap.12173
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Abstract

ObjectiveTaking Beswick, Rothblum, and Mann's seminal paper on academic procrastination as a starting point, we provide an updated review of academic procrastination and consolidate this knowledge with a procrastination typology. The goal of our study was to show that while the degree of procrastination is largely contingent on the trait of conscientiousness, the other four major personality traits determine how procrastination manifests. According to implications of need theory, we operationalised these four traits by the reasons students gave and the activities students pursued while procrastinating.MethodParticipants were 167 students of an undergraduate introductory psychology course. It was designed as a self‐directed computerised course enabled considerable amounts of procrastination. Students filled out a Big Five Inventory and wrote a short essay detailing: (a) what reason they saw as causing them to procrastinate, and (b) what activities they pursued while procrastinating. The reasons and activities were coded according to their fit to the personality traits.ResultsConscientiousness and its facets were the strongest correlates with procrastination. Moreover, in regression analyses, the other personality traits did not incrementally predict procrastination. However, the reasons ascribed to procrastination and the off‐task activities pursued reflected the other personality traits.ConclusionWhile conscientiousness is the core for all procrastination types, the other personality traits determine its phenomenology. Thus, the prominent understanding of a neurotic procrastinator might be misleading for research and practice. In fact, counsellors need to first address the conscientiousness core of procrastination and then match the subsequent interventions to the specific procrastination type.

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Research works printed but not linked: 3

  1. 10.1037/0022‐0167.33.4.387 · DOI · Paper page
  2. Steel, P. (2010b). The procrastination equation: How to stop putting things off and start getting stuff done. Toronto, ON: Random House Canada.
  3. 10.1037/0022‐0663.95.1.179 · DOI · Paper page

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Metadata

Authors
Steel, P., & Klingsieck, K. B.
Affiliations
  • University of Calgary (CA)
  • Paderborn University (DE)
Corresponding author
Steel, Piers
ORCID
Venue
Australian Psychologist
Publisher
Informa UK Limited
Published
2016-02
Volume
51
Issue
1
Pages
36-46
ISSN
  • 0005-0067 (ISSN-L)
  • 1742-9544
DOI
10.1111/ap.12173
OpenAlex
W2269702721
Cited by
534
References
76
Citations by year
2026: 63 · 2025: 57 · 2024: 78 · 2023: 76 · 2022: 91 · 2021: 50 · 2020: 45 · 2019: 19 · 2018: 26 · 2017: 21 · 2016: 7
FWCI
32.57
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
doi.wiley.com/10.1002/tdm_license_1.1 (tdm)
Locations
Australian Psychologist (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Perfectionism, Procrastination, Anxiety Studies
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Student Stress and Coping
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Grit, Self-Efficacy, and Motivation
Keywords
academic procrastination, conscientiousness, Big Five personality traits, needs theory, self-directed learning, undergraduate students, counseling intervention

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