Cited by 76Treatment of Major DepressionNeuroscience and Neuropharmacology ResearchElectroconvulsive Therapy Studies

Ketamine‐induced inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase‐3 contributes to the augmentation of α‐amino‐3‐hydroxy‐5‐methylisoxazole‐4‐propionic acid (AMPA) receptor signaling

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Beurel, Eléonore, Grieco, Steven F., Amadei, Celeste, Downey, Kimberlee, Jope, Richard S·2016·Bipolar Disorders

Abstract

Objectives: Sub‐anesthetic doses of ketamine have been found to provide rapid antidepressant actions, indicating that the cellular signaling systems targeted by ketamine are potential sites for therapeutic intervention. Ketamine acts as an antagonist of N‐methyl‐D‐aspartate (NMDA) receptors, and animal studies indicate that subsequent augmentation of signaling by α‐amino‐3‐hydroxy‐5‐methylisoxazole‐4‐propionic acid (AMPA) receptors is critical for the antidepressant outcome. Methods: In this study, we tested if the inhibitory effect of ketamine on glycogen synthase kinase‐3 (GSK 3) affected hippocampal cell‐surface AMPA receptors using immunoblotting of membrane and synaptosomal extracts from wild‐type and GSK 3 knockin mice. Results: Treatment with an antidepressant dose of ketamine increased the hippocampal membrane level of the AMPA glutamate receptor (GluA)1 subunit, but did not alter the localization of GluA2, GluA3, or GluA4. This effect of ketamine was abrogated in GSK 3 knockin mice expressing mutant GSK 3 that cannot be inhibited by ketamine, demonstrating that ketamine‐induced inhibition of GSK 3 is necessary for up‐regulation of cell surface AMPA GluA1 subunits. AMPA receptor trafficking is regulated by post‐synaptic density‐95 (PSD‐95), a substrate for GSK 3. Ketamine treatment decreased the hippocampal membrane level of phosphorylated PSD‐95 on Thr‐19, the target of GSK 3 that promotes AMPA receptor internalization. Conclusions: These results demonstrate that ketamine‐induced inhibition of GSK 3 causes reduced phosphorylation of PSD‐95, diminishing the internalization of AMPA GluA1 subunits to allow for augmented signaling through AMPA receptors following ketamine treatment.

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  • Ketamine may induce activation of mTOR by the upstream kinase Akt, regulate phosphorylation of GSK-3β, and exert antidepressant effects.

    “Ketamine may induce the activation of mTOR by the upstream kinase Akt, regulate the phosphorylation of GSK-3β, and exert antidepressant effects. 380”

    From Major depressive disorder: hypothesis, mechanism, prevention and treatment (2024) · cites this paper as [380]

    The Results report increased hippocampal phospho-mTOR after ketamine treatment and link that response to GSK3 inhibition. The Discussion reports ketamine-induced inhibitory phosphorylation of GSK3 and relates it to antidepressant effects. Neither passage identifies Akt as the upstream kinase responsible for mTOR activation; a search for Akt found no such mechanism in our copy. Page numbers are unavailable. (LLM, conf=0.88)

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Authors
Beurel, E., Grieco, S. F., Amadei, C., Downey, K., & Jope, R. S.
Affiliations
University of Miami (US)
Corresponding author
Beurel, Eléonore
Venue
Bipolar Disorders
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2016-09
Volume
18
Issue
6
Pages
473-480
ISSN
  • 1398-5647 (ISSN-L)
  • 1399-5618
OpenAlex
W2526511830
Cited by
76
References
45
Citations by year
2026: 4 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 1
FWCI
6.48
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Bipolar Disorders (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institute of Mental Health (MH038752, MH090236, MH095380, MH104656)
  • Brain and Behavior Research Foundation
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Treatment of Major Depression
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Electroconvulsive Therapy Studies
Keywords
ketamine, glycogen synthase kinase-3, AMPA receptors, GluA1 subunit, AMPA receptor trafficking, receptor internalization, antidepressant mechanism, NMDA receptor antagonists, hippocampus, rapid-acting antidepressants
MeSH terms
Disks Large Homolog 4 Protein, Animals, Antidepressive Agents, Bipolar Disorder, Disease Models, Animal, Hippocampus, Ketamine, Membrane Proteins, Phosphorylation, Signal Transduction, Treatment Outcome, Receptors, AMPA, Mice, Knockout, Protein Transport, Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3, Mice, Guanylate Kinases

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