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Cited by 6Migration and Labor DynamicsEconomic and Fiscal StudiesMigration, Refugees, and Integration

Immigrants’ net direct fiscal contribution: How does it change over their lifetime?

Zhang, Haozhen, Zhong, Jianwei, de Chardon, Cédric·2020·Canadian Journal of Economics/Revue canadienne d'économique
DOI 10.1111/caje.12477
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Abstract

Life‐cycle direct public fiscal contributions and transfers are studied using longitudinal income tax data from 1982 to 2016 and administrative files for immigrants landed in Canada from 1980 to 2016. Relative to a comparison group comprising the Canadian‐born and immigrants landed before 1980, immigrants since 1980 have a lower average net direct fiscal contribution (NDFC) during their working years due to their lower taxes and social security contributions but a higher average NDFC after 65 years of age because of reduced public pension eligibility and entitlement. Immigrants who landed at younger than 19 years old have much higher direct fiscal contributions than other age‐at‐arrival groups and reach their peak of contributions around 10 years earlier in life than other age‐at‐arrival groups. Immigrants whose age at arrival is above 65 have a less negative average NDFC than other age‐at‐arrival groups over the above‐65 life cycle. These life‐cycle age𠄁at‐arrival trajectories are stable for immigrants in different landing cohorts. We apply the life‐cycle estimates to project the present discounted value of lifetime NDFCs for immigrants who landed in 2016. For each landing age group, refugees and family class immigrants have negative or zero average present values of life‐cycle NDFCs, much below that of economic immigrants.

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Crossref · 10.1111/caje.12477

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Research works printed but not linked: 1

  1. DeVoretz D., 2004, Immigrant public finance transfers: A comparative analysis by city, Canadian Journal of Urban Research, 13, 155

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Related

Authors
Zhang, H., Zhong, J., & de Chardon, C.
Affiliations
  • Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada (CA)
  • Immigration Refugees and Citizenship Canada
Corresponding author
Zhang, Haozhen
Venue
Canadian Journal of Economics/Revue canadienne d'économique
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2020-11
Volume
53
Issue
4
Pages
1642-1662
ISSN
  • 0008-4085 (ISSN-L)
  • 1540-5982
DOI
10.1111/caje.12477
OpenAlex
W3095404939
Semantic Scholar
8cb08bba9bf3a1ccfbf8669529d1f8710485ecf4
Cited by
6
References
15
Citations by year
2026: 1 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 1 · 2020: 1
FWCI
0.33
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor, 5 d)
Locations
Canadian Journal of Economics/Revue canadienne d économique (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Migration and Labor Dynamics
  • Social Sciences › Economics, Econometrics and Finance › Economics and Econometrics › Economic and Fiscal Studies
  • Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Migration, Refugees, and Integration
Keywords
immigrants, transfer payments, income tax, social security contributions, public pensions, age at arrival, refugees, economic migrants, present value, Canada

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