Increased occurrence of hand eczema in young children following the Danish hand hygiene recommendations during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Abstract
Background: During the first wave of the COVID‐19 pandemic of Spring 2020, Denmark was one of the first countries to introduce lockdown measures, including closing of all daycare centers. Following the reopening of daycare centers, Danish Health Authorities implemented a mandatory intensive hand hygiene regimen. Objectives: To examine the occurrence and point prevalence of hand eczema as a consequence of more intensive hand hygiene among Danish children attending daycare. Methods: The heads of 1667 daycare centers in Denmark were contacted and asked to forward a link to a questionnaire to parents of the children attending the daycare center. Results: Among 6858 children, 12.1% had hand eczema before reopening of daycare centers, whereas 38.3% reported hand eczema after the children returned to daycare. Of the children who never had hand eczema, 28.6% developed hand eczema after returning to daycare. The risk of hand eczema was significantly associated with atopic dermatitis, female gender, higher age, and frequency of handwashing. Conclusion: Following the implemented hygiene regimen, a high proportion of young children rapidly developed hand eczema. Well‐established prophylactic skin care might have spared a proportion of the children from developing hand eczema.
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Contact dermatitis and mask-induced acne arising from pandemic-related health precautions could be effectively managed via teledermatology.
“Contact dermatitis and mask-induced acne arising from pandemic-related health precautions could be effectively managed via teledermatology [15].”
From A Glance at the Practice of Pediatric Teledermatology Pre- and Post–COVID-19: Narrative Review (2022) · cites this paper as [15]
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Dysregulation of the epithelial barrier by environmental and other exogenous factors
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- Authors
- Simonsen, A. B., Ruge, I. F., Quaade, A. S., Johansen, J. D., Thyssen, J. P., & Zachariae, C.
- Affiliations
- Copenhagen University Hospital (DK)
- Corresponding author
- Simonsen, Anne B.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Contact Dermatitis
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2020-11-05
- Volume
- 84
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 144-152
- ISSN
- 0105-1873 (ISSN-L)
- 1600-0536
- OpenAlex
- W3094177230
- Cited by
- 42
- References
- 33
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 12
- FWCI
- 5.29
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Contact Dermatitis (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Research at the University of Copenhagen (University of Copenhagen) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Dermatology › Contact Dermatitis and Allergies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Dermatology › Dermatological and COVID-19 studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Dermatology › Dermatology and Skin Diseases
- Keywords
- hand eczema, hand hygiene, COVID-19 pandemic, daycare centers, children, atopic dermatitis, hand washing frequency, skin care, point prevalence, risk factors
- MeSH terms
- COVID-19, Child, Child Day Care Centers, Child, Preschool, Denmark, Eczema, Female, Hand Dermatoses, Hand Disinfection, Health Surveys, Humans, Infant, Male, Prevalence, Infection Control, Age Distribution, Sex Distribution, Pandemics, Skin Cream
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