Experiences and expectations in the first trimester of pregnancy: a qualitative study
Open accessAbstract
Background: A dominant context for pregnant women in the Western world is medical technologies such as ultrasound and screening. It has been argued that such technologies may result in tentative pregnancies, which may be particularly prominent in the first trimester. However, little is known about how women experience early pregnancy. Objective: To explore the everyday experiences and expectations of first trimester pregnant women in a medicalized context of comprehensive and routine prenatal screening. Design: Qualitative, semi‐structured interviews analysed using thematic analysis. Setting: Between May 2015 and January 2016, participants were recruited from two general practices and one obstetric ultrasound unit in Aarhus, Denmark. Participants: Twenty, first trimester pregnant women (15 primiparae, five multiparae) aged 21‐39 years. Results: Early pregnancy is often kept secret in the first trimester due to a higher risk of miscarriage. However, the pregnancy is very real in the lives of the pregnant women who make it meaningful through practices of information seeking, listening to the body and anticipating the different milestones in pregnancy. First trimester screening represents one such milestone that is expected to mark a new and more certain phase in the pregnancy. A majority expects to terminate following a prenatal diagnosis, but this does not seem to influence their engagement with the pregnancy. Conclusions: The pregnant women use medical technologies to mark a milestone in pregnancy but do not expect all concerns to disappear upon a normal screening result. The majority of women acknowledge that pregnancy involves simultaneous feelings of happiness and worry.
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Pregnancy and childbirth represent a critical developmental transition within the family system that is often characterized by both excitement and considerable stress.
“Pregnancy and childbirth represent a critical developmental transition within the family system that is often characterized by both excitement [1, 2] and considerable stress [3].”
From Trajectories of Maternal and Paternal Internalizing Symptoms from Pregnancy to 2 Years Postpartum: Identifying Modifiable Risk and Protective Factors (2024) · cites this paper as [1]
The Introduction describes pregnancy as a major, potentially life-changing event, and the Discussion and Conclusions describe excitement alongside worry in early pregnancy. The paper studies pregnant women in the first trimester; it does not establish that pregnancy and childbirth are a developmental transition of the family system or that they are often marked by considerable stress. No page numbers are available in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.83)
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- Authors
- Lou, S., Frumer, M., Schlütter, M. M., Petersen, O. B., Vogel, I., & Nielsen, C. P.
- Affiliations
- Aarhus University (DK)
- DEFACTUM – Public Health & Health Services Research Aarhus Denmark
- Corresponding author
- Lou, Stina
- Venue
- Health Expectations
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2017-05-18
- Volume
- 20
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 1320-1329
- ISSN
- 1369-6513 (ISSN-L)
- 1369-7625
- PMC
- PMC5689234
- OpenAlex
- W2615357523
- Cited by
- 56
- References
- 40
- Citations by year
- 2026: 10 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 3
- FWCI
- 2.69
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Health Expectations (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Aarhus Universitet
- Aarhus Universitetshospital
- Novo Nordisk Fonden (NNF16OC00 18772)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Prenatal Screening and Diagnostics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Obstetrics and Gynecology › Maternal and Perinatal Health Interventions
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Maternal Mental Health During Pregnancy and Postpartum
- Keywords
- first trimester, pregnant women's experiences, prenatal screening, medicalization of pregnancy, ultrasound, miscarriage, information seeking, prenatal diagnosis
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Denmark, Female, Humans, Pregnancy, Pregnancy Trimester, First, Prenatal Care, Prenatal Diagnosis, Surveys and Questionnaires, Ultrasonography, Prenatal, Qualitative Research
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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