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Cited by 50Cultural Competency in Health CareGlobal Health Workforce IssuesNursing Education, Practice, and Leadership

Internationally educated nurses’ reflections on nursing communication in Canada

Lum, L., Dowedoff, P., Englander, K.·2016·International Nursing Review
DOI 10.1111/inr.12300
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Abstract

AIM: The overall goal of this study was to explore internationally educated nurses' perceptions of the English language and nursing communication skill requirements in a Canadian bridging education program. BACKGROUND: The increased global mobility of nurses creates a need to address the educational needs of migrating nurses. A large percentage of these nurses require additional language and professional education. New research is needed that would represent an in-depth analysis of their educational experiences associated with learning academic English and Canadian nursing communication. INTRODUCTION: Developing proficiency with a new language has been documented as posing challenges for new immigrants. Since language proficiency is a key requirement of Canadian nursing regulatory bodies, previously unrecognized barriers such as attitudes and beliefs about required English language and nursing communication competency which may hinder their ability to meet local practice standards need to be explored. METHOD: Using a grounded theory study design, narratives from 22 participants from the Philippines, Nigeria and Europe enrolled in bridging education were collected and analysed. RESULTS: The participants identified the incongruence in professional norms between Canada and their home country as a major challenge. The major themes identified included cultural dissonance, academic literacy challenges and skepticism regarding unexpected communication competency requirements. DISCUSSION: The participants possessed varying degrees of comprehension and acceptance of new educational and professional regulatory requirements. A certain degree of culture shock, which may be associated with frustration and disillusionment, is a typical and anticipated aspect of the immigration process. Their perceptions need to be recognized and accommodated when assisting internationally educated nurses to integrate into the Canadian practice culture. LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY: Any generalizations to other host countries need to be made cautiously. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING POLICY: Clear communication from regulators about English language and nursing communication requirements during the pre-arrival period is recommended. If bridging education is required, these programs need to be designed to address English language competency and nursing communication skills of non-native English speakers.

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  • Despite significant changes to registration processes from 2007 to 2018, there is little reported change in the experiences of IENs during this period.

    “For example, despite significant changes to registration processes from 2007 to 2018, there is little reported change in the experiences of IENs during this period [119–122,125,127,129,156,158,181,186,187,207].”

    From Nursing regulation in Canada: Insights from a scoping review (2025) · cites this paper as [122]

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Authors
Lum, L., Dowedoff, P., & Englander, K.
Affiliations
York University (CA)
Corresponding author
Lum, L.
ORCID
Venue
International Nursing Review
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2016-06-29
Volume
63
Issue
3
Pages
344-351
ISSN
  • 0020-8132 (ISSN-L)
  • 1466-7657
DOI
10.1111/inr.12300
OpenAlex
W2467296556
Cited by
50
References
26
Citations by year
2026: 6 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 3
FWCI
17.16
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor)
Locations
  • International Nursing Review (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
The Ontario Ministry of Citizenship and Immigration
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Cultural Competency in Health Care
  • Health Sciences › Health Professions › Emergency Medical Services › Global Health Workforce Issues
  • Health Sciences › Nursing › Issues, ethics and legal aspects › Nursing Education, Practice, and Leadership
Keywords
internationally educated nurses, nursing communication, English proficiency, nursing regulation, cultural dissonance, culture shock, academic literacy, professional norms, nurse migration
MeSH terms
Canada, Communication, Education, Nursing, Europe, Humans, Language, Nurses, Philippines

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