The DOI matches its Crossref record; 33 of the 33 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Measuring the Heaviness of Smoking: using self‐reported time to the first cigarette of the day and number of cigarettes smoked per day
Abstract
Summary: Two simple self‐report measures have been used to assess the heaviness of smoking,‘number of cigarettes per day’(CPD) and‘time to the first cigarette of the day’(TTF). Little attention, however, has been given to the precise method of scoring this information. Using biochemical indicators of heaviness of smoking (alveolar carbon monoxide and cotinine), we explore the optimum data transformations for regression analysis and categorical analysis. We suggest a four category scoring scheme for both time to the first cigarette of the day (5, 6–30, 31–60 and 61 + mm) and average daily consumption of cigarettes (1–10, 11–20, 21–30, 31 + cigarettes) as the most powerful and practical categorical scoring of these variables. Due to possible ceiling effects on biochemical measures, we suggest using logarithmic transformations of CPD or TTF for regression or correlation analyses.
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Cited by
The Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence: a revision of the Fagerstrom Tolerance Questionnaire
HEATHERTON, T. F., KOZLOWSKI, L. T., FRECKER, R. C., & FAGERSTROM, K. (1991) · British Journal of Addiction · doi:10.1111/j.1360-0443.1991.tb01879.x · Cited by 10,738
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de Leon, J., & Diaz, F. J. (2005) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2005.02.010 · Cited by 1,276
Novel genes identified in a high-density genome wide association study for nicotine dependence
Bierut, L. J., Madden, P. A. F., Breslau, N., Johnson, E. O., Hatsukami, D., Pomerleau, O. F., Swan, G. E., Rutter, J., Bertelsen, S., Fox, L., et al. (2007) · Human Molecular Genetics · doi:10.1093/hmg/ddl441 · Cited by 622
Planned missing data designs in psychological research.
Graham, J. W., Taylor, B. J., Olchowski, A. E., & Cumsille, P. E. (2006) · Psychological Methods · doi:10.1037/1082-989x.11.4.323 · Cited by 573
Metadata
- Authors
- HEATHERTON, T. F., KOZLOWSKI, L. T., FRECKER, R. C., RICKERT, W., & ROBINSON, J.
- Venue
- British Journal of Addiction
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 1989-07
- Volume
- 84
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 791-800
- ISSN
- 0952-0481 (ISSN-L)
- 2056-5178
- OpenAlex
- W2035501540
- Cited by
- 1,313
- References
- 33
- FWCI
- 0.96
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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- HEATHERTON, T. F., KOZLOWSKI, L. T., FRECKER, R. C., RICKERT, W., & ROBINSON, J. (1989). Measuring the Heaviness of Smoking: using self‐reported time to the first cigarette of the day and number of cigarettes smoked per day. British Journal of Addiction. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1360-0443.1989.tb03059.x
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Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
