The DOI matches its Crossref record; 43 of the 43 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of oral L‐citrulline and L‐arginine: impact on nitric oxide metabolism
Open accessAbstract
WHAT IS ALREADY KNOWN ABOUT THIS SUBJECT • L‐Arginine is a semiessential amino acid that is converted to nitric oxide (NO) by NO synthase (NOS). • NO improves endothelial function by elevating cyclic guanosine monophosphate. • However, oral L‐arginine treatment in humans is hampered by extensive metabolism. WHAT THIS STUDY ADDS • Oral L‐citrulline supplementation raises plasma L‐arginine concentration and augments NO‐dependent signalling in a dose‐dependent manner. • L‐Citrulline may thus be an alternative to L‐arginine in patients with impaired NOS activity. AIMS: Oral L‐arginine supplementation has been used in several studies to improve endothelium‐dependent, nitric oxide (NO)‐mediated vasodilation. L‐Arginine treatment is hampered by extensive presystemic elimination due to intestinal arginase activity. In contrast, L‐citrulline is readily absorbed and at least in part converted to L‐arginine. The aim of our study was to assess this metabolic conversion and its subsequent pharmacodynamic effects. METHODS: In a double‐blind, randomized, placebo‐controlled cross‐over study, 20 healthy volunteers received six different dosing regimes of placebo, citrulline, and arginine. Pharmacokinetic parameters ( C max , T max , C min , AUC) were calculated after 1 week of oral supplementation. The ratio of plasma L‐arginine over asymmetric dimethylarginine, an endogenous inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase (arginine/ADMA ratio), urinary cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) and nitrate excretion rates, and flow‐mediated vasodilation (FMD) was measured to assess pharmacodynamic effects. RESULTS: L‐Citrulline dose‐dependently increased AUC and C max of plasma L‐arginine concentration more effectively than L‐arginine ( P < 0.01). The highest dose of citrulline (3 g bid) increased the C min of plasma L‐arginine and improved the L‐arginine/ADMA ratio from 186 ± 8 (baseline) to 278 ± 14 [ P < 0.01, 95% confidence interval (CI) 66, 121]. Moreover, urinary nitrate and cGMP were increased from 92 ± 10 to 125 ± 15 µmol mmol −1 creatinine ( P = 0.01, 95% CI 8, 58) and from 38 ± 3.3 to 50 ± 6.7 nmol mmol −1 creatinine ( P = 0.04, 95% CI 0.4, 24), respectively. No treatment improved FMD over baseline. However, pooled analysis of all FMD data revealed a correlation between the increase of arginine/ADMA ratio and improvement of FMD. CONCLUSION: Our data show for the first time that oral L‐citrulline supplementation raises plasma L‐arginine concentration and augments NO‐dependent signalling in a dose‐dependent manner.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Due to this and its non-competitive uptake for cell transport [542], oral citrulline supplementation has been shown to be more effective in increasing arginine [543, 544] and activation of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) [544] as well as various biomarkers of nitric oxide [545].”
From ISSN exercise & sports nutrition review update: research & recommendations (2018) · cites this paper as [543]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Citrulline, the end product of arginine-mediated nitric oxide production, has shown the potential to increase plasma nitrate and NO availability (Schwedhelm et al. 2007; Morita et al. 2014).”
From Oral nitrate and citrulline decrease blood pressure and increase vascular conductance in young adults: a potential therapy for heart failure (2016) · cites this paper as Schwedhelm et al. 2007
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“supplementation of older adults with citrulline elevated plasma arginine concentrations for up to 6 h (Moinard et al. 2015; Schwedhelm et al. 2007)”
From Oral nitrate and citrulline decrease blood pressure and increase vascular conductance in young adults: a potential therapy for heart failure (2016) · cites this paper as Schwedhelm et al. 2007
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“and increased nitric oxide production in vivo (Churchward-Venne et al. 2014; Schwedhelm et al. 2007).”
From Oral nitrate and citrulline decrease blood pressure and increase vascular conductance in young adults: a potential therapy for heart failure (2016) · cites this paper as Schwedhelm et al. 2007
In the citing paper
“increases both plasma arginine and cGMP (Schwedhelm et al. 2007) and is free of side effects.”
From Oral nitrate and citrulline decrease blood pressure and increase vascular conductance in young adults: a potential therapy for heart failure (2016) · cites this paper as Schwedhelm et al. 2007
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Corretti, M. C., Anderson, T. J., Benjamin, E. J., Celermajer, D. S., Charbonneau, F., Creager, M. A., Deanfield, J. E., Drexler, H., Gerhard‐Herman, M. D., Herrington, D. M., et al. (2002) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/s0735-1097(01)01746-6 · Cited by 4,606
Böger, R. H., Bode-Böger, S. M., Szuba, A., Tsao, P. S., Chan, J. R., Tangphao, O., Blaschke, T. F., & Cooke, J. P. (1998) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.98.18.1842 · Cited by 1,181
Self-citationPollock, J. S., Förstermann, U., Mitchell, J. A., Warner, T. D., Schmidt, H. H. H. W., Nakane, M., & Murad, F. (1991) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.88.23.10480 · Cited by 979
Use of Tandem Mass Spectrometry for Multianalyte Screening of Dried Blood Specimens from Newborns
Chace, D. H., Kalas, T. A., & Naylor, E. W. (2003) · Clinical Chemistry · doi:10.1373/clinchem.2003.022178 · Cited by 621
Almost all about citrulline in mammals
Curis, E., Nicolis, I., Moinard, C., Osowska, S., Zerrouk, N., Bénazeth, S., & Cynober, L. (2005) · Amino Acids · doi:10.1007/s00726-005-0235-4 · Cited by 571
The role of nitric oxide in cardiovascular diseases
NASEEM, K. (2005) · Molecular Aspects of Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.mam.2004.09.003 · Cited by 557
Asymmetrical Dimethylarginine: The Über Marker?
Cooke, J. P. (2004) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.0000126823.07732.d5 · Cited by 396
Endothelial function and nitric oxide: clinical relevance
Vallance, P. J., & Chan, N. N. (2001) · Heart · doi:10.1136/heart.85.3.342 · Cited by 389
Böger, R. H. (2004) · The Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1093/jn/134.10.2842s · Cited by 363
Self-citationEnzymes of Arginine Metabolism
Morris, S. M. (2004) · Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1093/jn/134.10.2743s · Cited by 361
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- Kuhn KP, 2002, Oral citrulline effectively elevates plasma arginine levels for 24 hours in normal volunteers, Circulation, 106, II1
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 401–490 of 490
Nawab, A., Dao, H. T., Sukirno, S., Akter, N., Kim, E., Crowley, T. M., & Moss, A. F. (2026) · Animals · doi:10.3390/ani16111664 · Cited by 1
Kalman, D., Feldman, S., Samson, A., & Krieger, D. (2014) · The FASEB Journal · doi:10.1096/fasebj.28.1_supplement.lb418 · Cited by 1
Moyad, M. A. (2014) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-0425-9_12 · Cited by 1
La l-citrulline, un nouveau candidat dans la prise en charge du sujet âgé dénutri ?
Breuillard, C., Moinard, C., Bandt, J. P. D., & Cynober, L. (2013) · Cahiers de Nutrition et de Diététique · doi:10.1016/j.cnd.2013.06.004 · Cited by 1
Moyad, M. A. (2013) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-8492-9_6 · Cited by 1
Potential interests of citrulline in critically ill patients
Cynober, L. (2013) · Cited by 1
Sadji, M. (2016) · International Journal of Sciences · doi:10.18483/ijsci.1016 · Cited by 1
Sangeeta, Nayik, G. A., & Muzaffar, K. (2020) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-981-15-7285-2_17 · Cited by 2
Jafarnejad, S., Tsang, C., & Amin, N. (2022) · Nutrition & Food Science · doi:10.1108/nfs-12-2021-0378 · Cited by 1
Lin, C., Lin, C.-T., Wu, I.-C., Pan, T.-Y., & Shen, Y. (2023) · Functional Foods in Health and Disease · doi:10.31989/ffhd.v13i6.1104 · Cited by 1
Martín-Olmedo, J. J., Miras‐Moreno, S., Cuadra-Montes, K., García‐Ramos, A., Ruiz, J. R., & Jurado‐Fasoli, L. (2024) · International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism · doi:10.1123/ijsnem.2024-0006 · Cited by 1
Herbal Viagra and nitric oxide: how hard is the evidence?
Cooke, J. P. (2010) · Cureus · doi:10.7759/cureus.13 · Cited by 1
Complémentation en citrulline dans la sarcopénie
Cynober, L. (2018) · Pratiques en nutrition · doi:10.1016/j.pranut.2018.05.009 · Cited by 1
Zago, M., Ferrario, C., Annino, G., Tarabini, M., Cau, N., Capodaglio, P., & Galli, M. (2020) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-32274-8_10 · Cited by 1
Hetrick, Y. M., Fesseha, M., & Hong, M. Y. (2021) · Journal of Functional Foods · doi:10.1016/j.jff.2021.104667 · Cited by 1
Over the Counter Nutritional Supplements: Implications for Critically Ill Patients
Gregory, P. J., Hein, D. J., Malesker, M. A., & Morrow, L. E. (2015) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-7836-2_129 · Cited by 1
Endothelium in pharmacology: 30 years on
McGrath, J. C. (2009) · British Journal of Pharmacology · doi:10.1111/j.1476-5381.2009.00366.x · Cited by 1
Comment on Dorniak-Wall et al.’s paper on L-arginine for pre-eclampsia
Lowe, D. T. (2014) · Journal of Human Hypertension · doi:10.1038/jhh.2013.138 · Cited by 1
Endothelial TRPV4 Dysfunction in a Streptozotocin-Diabetic Rat Model
Shamsaldeen, Y. A. (2017) · University of Hertfordshire Research Archive (University of Hertfordshire) · doi:10.18745/th.17622 · Cited by 1
Brito, L. C. (2019) · Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia · doi:10.5935/abc.20190152 · Cited by 1
Proceedings of the 4th Workshop on Agri-Food Research. WiA
Hernández, F. D. A. A., Terrer, J. E. C., Hernández, J. A. F., Leyva, J. C., Giménez, E. P. A., Alarcón, J. J., & Gutiérrez-Cortines, M. E. (2015) · doi:10.31428/10317/10731 · Cited by 1
Novel Natural Based Chewable Lozenges for the Treatment of Erectile Dysfunction. (c2022)
Frem, J.-P. (2022) · doi:10.26756/th.2022.517 · Cited by 1
Tryfonos, A., Christodoulou, F., Pamboris, G. M., Christodoulides, S., & Theodorou, A. A. (2023) · Preprints.org · doi:10.20944/preprints202306.1198.v1 · Cited by 1
Moyad, M. A. (2013) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-8492-9_4
Glutamine Parenteral Nutrition in Pneumonia
Türkay, M., Tug, A., Şinikoğlu, S. N., Tomak, Y., Sevdi, M. S., Demirgan, S., & Alagöl, A. (2015) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-7836-2_76
Mariotti, F., Huneau, J., & Fouillet, H. (2013) · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.3945/ajcn.113.065474
Evaluative Analysis of Citrulline Supplementation Among Athletic Populations
Giandonato, J. A., & Policastro, C. D. (2015)
Actions of L-citrulline on gastric mucus secretion and gastric mucous cell counts in albino rats
Oluwole, F. S., Adebayo-Gege, G. I., & Folarin, S. A. (2014) · IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences · doi:10.9790/0853-13326065
Sadji, M. (2016) · International Journal of Sciences · doi:10.18483/ijsci.996
Sexual Dysfunctions and Nutraceutical Therapy: An Examination of Human Research
Bruno, G. (2015) · CRC Press eBooks · doi:10.1201/b19308-47
Bloomer, R. J. (2016) · Journal of Biology and Life Science · doi:10.5296/jbls.v7i2.9963
Jung, I.-C., Lee, M.-G., & 조현석 (2016) · Korean Journal of Sport Science · doi:10.24985/kjss.2016.27.3.480
Targeted Quantification of Amino Acid Biomarkers Using LC‐MS
Jones, B. R., Biondolillo, R. F., & Buckholz, J. E. (2017) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781119413073.ch13
The effect of nitric oxide donors on human performance
Bescós, R. (2011) · Dipòsit Digital de la Universitat de Barcelona (Universitat de Barcelona)
Pratama, S., Arozal, W., Louisa, M., & Soetikno, V. (2019) · Journal of international dental and medical research
PERFORMANCE EFFECTS OF CITRULLINE MALATE AND BEETROOT JUICE SUPPLEMENTATION
Trexler, E. T. (2018) · Carolina Digital Repository (University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill) · doi:10.17615/e6z2-3p03
Chapter 37 – Arginine and Citrulline as Nutraceuticals: Efficacy and Safety in Diseases
Kaore, S. N., & Kaore, N. M. (2016)
Nutritional supplements and erectile dysfunction
Chung, A. P., Stoddard, M. D., & Chughtai, B. I. (2021) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-819765-3.00009-1
Han, J. M., Yun, I., Yang, K. M., Kim, H.-S., Kim, Y.-Y., Jeong, W., Hong, S. S., & Hwang, I. (2021) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-900522/v1
Nutritional strategies to improve endothelial function during the fasting and postprandial phase
Smeets, E. T. H. C. (2021) · Research Publications (Maastricht University) · doi:10.26481/dis.20220114es
Arginine and the microcirculation
Wijnands, K. A. P. (2015) · Research Publications (Maastricht University) · doi:10.26481/dis.20151127kw
Kaczka, P., Batra, A., Kubicka, K., Maciejczyk, M., Rzeszutko-Bełzowska, A., Pezdan-Śliż, I., Michałowska‐Sawczyn, M., Przydział, M., Płonka, A., Cięszczyk, P., et al. (2022) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-51708/v2
CARDIOCYTOPROTECTION – THE OBJECTIVATED POSSIBILITIES AT CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES
Тащук, В. К., Khrebtiy, G. I., Vovchok, T. S., Vintoniak, М. О., & Anfilofiieva, V. V. (2022) · Clinical & experimental pathology · doi:10.24061/1727-4338.xx.4.78.2021.18
Over-the-Counter Nutritional Supplements: Implications for Critically Ill Patients
Gregory, P. J., Hein, D. J., Malesker, M. A., & Morrow, L. E. (2014) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-8503-2_129-1
Doll, J., Bürkle, F., Neide, A., Tsitlakidis, S., Bruckner, T. M., Schmidmaier, G., & Fischer, C. (2020) · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-18728/v1
Kaczka, P., Batra, A., Kubicka, K., Maciejczyk, M., Rzeszutko-Bełzowska, A., Pezdan-Śliż, I., Michałowska‐Sawczyn, M., Przydział, M., Płonka, A., Cięszczyk, P., et al. (2020) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-51708/v1
(2008) · British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.2008.03210.x
(2019) · The Japanese Journal of SURGICAL METABOLISM and NUTRITION · doi:10.11638/jssmn.53.6_301
Xu, J. (2020) · Louisiana State University · doi:10.31390/gradschool_dissertations.5405
Espinosa, J. A., Baxter, J. W., Jose, J., Khalil, S. I., Dash, A., & Pratt, J. W. (2022) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-1680450/v1
EFFECT OF A NITRIC OXIDE PRE-WORKOUT SUPPLEMENT ON MUSCULAR ENDURANCE
McIntosh, M. C., Cochrum, R. G., Conners, R. T., Moreno, V., Black, M., & Heimdal, J. (2022) · Journal of Applied Sports Sciences · doi:10.37393/jass.2022.01.1
Citrulline, Nitric Oxide, and Type 2 Diabetes
Mirmiran, P., Bahadoran, Z., Kashfi, K., & Ghasemi, A. (2022) · BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBLISHERS eBooks · doi:10.2174/9789815079814122010016
Monica, M. L., Raub, B. J., Sandrock, J. E., Cyvas, J., Hartshorn, S., & Gustat, A. (2023) · Journal of Exercise and Nutrition · doi:10.53520/jen2023.103144
West, B. J., Reid, M. M., Swartz, F. A., & Latson, D. M. (2023) · Food and Nutrition Sciences · doi:10.4236/fns.2023.146036
Shivgunde, P. P., & Nade, V. S. (2023) · Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences · doi:10.36468/pharmaceutical-sciences.1166
Fernández-Lobato, B., Ascensión, M. S., & Pilar, A. G. E. (2024) · Workshop on Agri-Food Research (WiA) · doi:10.31428/10317/11017
Ila, V., Pozzi, E., Gamage, M., & Ramasamy, R. (2025) · Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy · doi:10.1080/14656566.2025.2478912
Miyamoto, N., Yoshida, M., Tsukumo, S., Ogawa, H., Otani, T., Yasutomo, K., & Takizawa, H. (2025) · Journal of Thoracic Disease · doi:10.21037/jtd-2024-2109
Wang, X., Yang, Y., Yin, L., Fang, Y., Mei, Q., & Niu, K. (2025) · Frontiers in Nutrition · doi:10.3389/fnut.2025.1663996
Vonderohe, C. E., Mancebo, J. G., Hebib, V. M., Stoll, B., Didelija, I. C., Elefson, S., Mohammad, M. A., Earls, B., Guthrie, G. J., & Burrin, D. G. (2025) · Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition · doi:10.1002/jpen.70031
Borges, C. C., da Silva, W. A., Filho, A. S. S., Aprigliano, V., Inácio, P. A., Silveira, M., & Ferrari, G. (2025) · International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism · doi:10.1123/ijsnem.2025-0125
THE MODERN MODEL OF METABOLIC THERAPY OF ERECTILE DYSFUNCTION IN MEN
Gurzhenko, Y., Spyrydonenko, V., Tyutyunnik, O. A., Feldman, O. V., & Гурженко, А. Ю. (2025) · Ukrainian Journal of Urology · doi:10.71217/uju.4(8).2025.20-27
Additional file 4 of Citrulline in the management of patients with urea cycle disorders
Imbard, A., Bouchereau, J., Arnoux, J., Brassier, A., Schiff, M., Bérat, C., Pontoizeau, C., Benoist, J., Josse, C., Montestruc, F., et al. (2023) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.23730772
Additional file 5 of Citrulline in the management of patients with urea cycle disorders
Imbard, A., Bouchereau, J., Arnoux, J., Brassier, A., Schiff, M., Bérat, C., Pontoizeau, C., Benoist, J., Josse, C., Montestruc, F., et al. (2023) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.23730775
Additional file 2 of Citrulline in the management of patients with urea cycle disorders
Imbard, A., Bouchereau, J., Arnoux, J., Brassier, A., Schiff, M., Bérat, C., Pontoizeau, C., Benoist, J., Josse, C., Montestruc, F., et al. (2023) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.23730766
Additional file 1 of Citrulline in the management of patients with urea cycle disorders
Imbard, A., Bouchereau, J., Arnoux, J., Brassier, A., Schiff, M., Bérat, C., Pontoizeau, C., Benoist, J., Josse, C., Montestruc, F., et al. (2023) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.23730763
Additional file 3 of Citrulline in the management of patients with urea cycle disorders
Imbard, A., Bouchereau, J., Arnoux, J., Brassier, A., Schiff, M., Bérat, C., Pontoizeau, C., Benoist, J., Josse, C., Montestruc, F., et al. (2023) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.23730769
Kerlikowsky, F., & Hahn, A. (2025) · Human Nutrition & Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.hnm.2025.200346
Walter, F., Schalla, J., Bloch, W., Diel, P. R., Geisler, S., & Isenmann, E. (2026) · Sports Medicine - Open · doi:10.1186/s40798-025-00954-2 · Cited by 1
Endothelial dysfunction: The hidden link between erectile dysfunction and cardiovascular disease
ALLAHVERDIAN, C., & El-Farra, A. B. (2024) · Srce i krvni sudovi · doi:10.5937/siks2403083a
Grannes, J., Callender, N. A., Gonzalez, A. M., Hisdal, J., Vårvik, F. T., & Bjørnsen, T. (2026) · Frontiers in Physiology · doi:10.3389/fphys.2026.1773582
Exploring the latest emerging drugs for the treatment of sickle cell disease
Cannas, G. (2025) · Expert Opinion on Emerging Drugs · doi:10.1080/14728214.2026.2650178
Uçar, H., Ozan, M., Buzdağlı, Y., & Savaş, A. (2026) · Frontiers in Nutrition · doi:10.3389/fnut.2026.1788549
Virú-Loza, M. A., Chávez-Nomberto, R. E., & Hernández, A. V. (2026) · Sage Open Pediatrics · doi:10.1177/30502225261433767
Yamanaka, R., Abe, K., Kojima, R., Nagai, T., & Maekawa, Y. (2026) · Sports · doi:10.3390/sports14040143
Liu, P. P., Yang, F., Li, J., Li, C., Guo, X., & Li, X. (2026) · Life · doi:10.3390/life16050744
Pena, E., Alam, S. E., Hannemann, J., & Böger, R. H. (2026) · High Altitude Medicine & Biology · doi:10.1177/15578682261450122
Self-citationGuigui, A., Manceau, M., Giai, J., Jambon-Barbara, C., Paris, A., Cracowski, J., Roustit, M., & Khouri, C. (2026) · Journal of Epidemiology and Population Health · doi:10.1016/j.jeph.2026.203397
Ramos-Hernández, R., Pascual-Fernández, J., Álvarez-Pardo, S., Fernández‐Lázaro, D., Martínez‐Ferrán, M., Busto, N., & Mielgo‐Ayuso, J. (2026) · Clinical Nutrition ESPEN · doi:10.1016/j.clnesp.2026.103356
Fike, C. D., Barr, F. E., & Aschner, J. L. (2026) · Pharmaceuticals · doi:10.3390/ph19060896
Chen, Y., Hu, S., Ji, Y., Gu, F., Zhang, C., Gao, K., Wen, X., Wang, L., Dong, X., Tak, J., et al. (2026) · Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology/Journal of animal science and biotechnology · doi:10.1186/s40104-026-01414-x
Boroujeny, Z. H. M., Soltani, M., Bassami, M., Kingsley, J. D., Farizani, F. S., Ahamadizad, S., & Laher, I. (2026) · European Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1007/s00421-026-06298-3
Song, S., Thapa, S. K., Upadhyay, M., Yang, S., Kim, T., Yoo, S.-D., Shin, B. S., & Shin, S. (2026) · Frontiers in Pharmacology · doi:10.3389/fphar.2026.1889835
Szewczyk, J., Grzyb, I., Smolińska, A., Bołoz, M., Krawczyk, P., Wątek, Z., Łysynkiewicz, K., Haba, S., Dapkiewicz, E., & Gąsowski, D. (2026) · International Journal of Innovative Technologies in Social Science · doi:10.31435/ijitss.3(51).2026.6401
Kai-xuan, X., Guo, S., Zhen-fan, X., & Xiao, Y. (2026) · Frontiers in Nutrition · doi:10.3389/fnut.2026.1868555
Álvares, T. S. (2026) · Current Nutrition Reports · doi:10.1007/s13668-026-00807-8
Metadata
- Authors
- Schwedhelm, E., Maas, R., Freese, R., Jung, D., Lukacs, Z., Jambrecina, A., Spickler, W., Schulze, F., & Böger, R. H.
- Affiliations
- University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Schwedhelm, Edzard
- Venue
- British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2007-10-22
- Volume
- 65
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 51-59
- ISSN
- 0306-5251 (ISSN-L)
- 1365-2125
- PMC
- PMC2291275
- OpenAlex
- W2162463567
- Cited by
- 494
- References
- 43
- Citations by year
- 2026: 19 · 2025: 31 · 2024: 22 · 2023: 47 · 2022: 42 · 2021: 48 · 2020: 42 · 2019: 30 · 2018: 27 · 2017: 24 · 2016: 32 · 2015: 33 · 2014: 27 · 2013: 16 · 2012: 16
- FWCI
- 5.37
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Nitric Oxide and Endothelin Effects
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Health and Disease Prevention
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Biochemistry › Amino Acid Enzymes and Metabolism
- Keywords
- citrulline, L-arginine, nitric oxide, nitric oxide synthase, asymmetric dimethylarginine, flow-mediated dilation, endothelial function, cyclic GMP, urinary nitrate, arginase, oral supplementation, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, dose-response relationship, nitric oxide metabolism, endothelium-dependent vasodilation
- MeSH terms
- Administration, Oral, Arginine, Citrulline, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Double-Blind Method, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Nitric Oxide, Placebos, Vasodilation, Cross-Over Studies, Nitric Oxide Synthase
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
