Vaccinations, infections and antibacterials in the first grass pollen season of life and risk of later hayfever
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: It has been hypothesized that early-life exposure to vaccinations, infections or antibacterials influence allergic disease development. Concurrent exposure to grass pollens may alter any effect. OBJECTIVE: To test the hypothesis that exposure to antibacterials, vaccinations (DTP or MMR) or specific infections during the first grass pollen seasons of life influences the risk of hayfever more than at any other time of the year. METHODS: Nested case-control studies were based on birth cohorts within two large databases of computerized patient records from UK general practices: the General Practice Research Database (GPRD) and Doctors' Independent Network (DIN). Seven thousand ninety-eight hayfever cases, diagnosed after age 2, were matched to controls for practice, age, sex and follow-up of control to case ascertainment date. Conditional logistic regression was used to compare exposure by age 1 (age 2 for MMR) inside vs. outside the grass pollen season (May, June, July). Odds ratios (ORs) were pooled across databases. RESULTS: There were no associations in either database between MMR during vs. outside the grass pollen season and later hayfever. Of 23 infections studied, none were statistically significant; although analyses for the less common conditions were limited by low statistical power. The pooled OR for hayfever comparing exposure to antibacterials only in the grass pollen season with only outside it was 1.20 (95% CI 0.98-1.47) and for DTP was 0.84 (95% CI 0.72-0.98). CONCLUSION: Although an interaction between early exposure to microbial agents and concurrent grass pollen exposure on hayfever risk seemed plausible, there was little evidence to support it across a range of analyses. However, the effect of DTP though weak deserves further study.
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The risk of later hay fever following exposure to MMR vaccine within the first grass pollen season of life was not statistically different from that observed when MMR administration occurred outside of it (OR 1.05; 95% CI 0.94 to 1.18; P = 0.38).
“The risk of later hay fever following exposure to MMR vaccine within the first grass pollen season of life was not statistically different from that observed when MMR administration occurred outside of it (OR 1.05; 95% CI 0.94 to 1.18; P = 0.38).”
From Vaccines for measles, mumps and rubella in children (2012) · cites this paper as Bremner 2007
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Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredIn Black 2003, Bremner 2005, Bremner 2007, DeStefano 2004, Ma 2005, Mrozek-Budzyn 2010, Ray 2006, and Smeeth 2004, the risk of bias was moderate/unknown.
“Moderate/unknown risk of bias: eight studies (Black 2003; Bremner 2005; Bremner 2007; DeStefano 2004; Ma 2005; Mrozek-Budzyn 2010; Ray 2006; Smeeth 2004).”
From Vaccines for measles, mumps and rubella in children (2012) · cites this paper as Bremner 2007
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Vaccines for measles, mumps and rubella in children
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- Authors
- Bremner, S. A., Carey, I. M., DeWilde, S., Richards, N., Maier, W. C., Hilton, S. R., Strachan, D. P., & Cook, D. G.
- Affiliations
- University of London (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Cook, D. G.
- Venue
- Clinical & Experimental Allergy
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2007-04
- Volume
- 37
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 512-517
- ISSN
- 0954-7894 (ISSN-L)
- 1365-2222
- OpenAlex
- W2094921335
- Cited by
- 15
- References
- 22
- Citations by year
- 2021: 1 · 2020: 2 · 2015: 1 · 2013: 2 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 0.89
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Clinical & Experimental Allergy (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Queen Mary Research Online (Queen Mary University of London) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Wellcome Trust (065177)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Immunology and Allergy › Allergic Rhinitis and Sensitization
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Asthma and respiratory diseases
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Immunology and Allergy › Food Allergy and Anaphylaxis Research
- Keywords
- allergic rhinitis, early life exposure, vaccination, DTP vaccine, MMR vaccine, infection, antibacterial agents, allergy risk, microbial exposure
- MeSH terms
- Anti-Bacterial Agents, England, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Poaceae, Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal, Humans, Infant, Newborn, Infections, Male, Pollen, Primary Health Care, Seasons, Vaccination, Diphtheria-Tetanus-Pertussis Vaccine, Case-Control Studies, Measles-Mumps-Rubella Vaccine
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