Macrophage activation switching: an asset for the resolution of inflammation
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Summary: Macrophages play a central role in inflammation and host defence against microorganisms, but they also participate actively in the resolution of inflammation after alternative activation. However, it is not known whether the resolution of inflammation requires alternative activation of new resting monocytes/macrophages or if proinflammatory activated macrophages have the capacity to switch their activation towards anti-inflammation. In order to answer this question, we first characterized differential human macrophage activation phenotypes. We found that CD163 and CD206 exhibited mutually exclusive induction patterns after stimulation by a panel of anti-inflammatory molecules, whereas CCL18 showed a third, overlapping, pattern. Hence, alternative activation is not a single process, but provides a variety of different cell populations. The capacity of macrophages to switch from one activation state to another was then assessed by determining the reversibility of CD163 and CD206 expression and of CCL18 and CCL3 production. We found that every activation state was rapidly and fully reversible, suggesting that a given cell may participate sequentially in both the induction and the resolution of inflammation. These findings may provide new insight into the inflammatory process as well as new fields of investigation for immunotherapy in the fields of chronic inflammatory diseases and cancer.
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Macrophages have dynamic and plastic phenotypes that change with local microenvironmental signals, unlike lymphocytes whose phenotype is relatively fixed upon differentiation.
“It has been shown that unlike lymphocytes, where cellular phenotype is relatively fixed upon differentiation, macrophages have dynamic and plastic phenotypes that change with local microenvironmental signals [5,14–16].”
From Macrophage polarization: an opportunity for improved outcomes in biomaterials and regenerative medicine (2012) · cites this paper as [15]
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- Authors
- Porcheray, F., Viaud, S., Rimaniol, A.-C., Léone, C., Samah, B., Dereuddre-Bosquet, N., Dormont, D., & Gras, G.
- Affiliations
- Université Paris-Sud (FR)
- Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives (FR)
- Société de Pharmacologie et Immunologie-BIO, CEA, Fontenay aux Roses, France
- Corresponding author
- Gras, G
- Venue
- Clinical and Experimental Immunology
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2005-09-11
- Volume
- 142
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 481-489
- ISSN
- 0009-9104 (ISSN-L)
- 1365-2249
- PMC
- PMC1809537
- OpenAlex
- W1983220630
- Cited by
- 840
- References
- 31
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 29 · 2024: 23 · 2023: 39 · 2022: 36 · 2021: 63 · 2020: 58 · 2019: 48 · 2018: 62 · 2017: 51 · 2016: 53 · 2015: 44 · 2014: 57 · 2013: 59 · 2012: 47
- FWCI
- 7.14
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Licence
- academic.oup.com/journals/pages/open_access/funder_policies/chorus/standard_publication_model (vor)
- Locations
- Clinical & Experimental Immunology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Styrelsen för Internationellt Utvecklingssamarbete
- Agence Nationale de la Recherche
- Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immune cells in cancer
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Phagocytosis and Immune Regulation
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immune Response and Inflammation
- Keywords
- inflammation resolution, alternative macrophage activation, CD163, CD206, CCL18, CCL3, anti-inflammatory molecules, macrophage heterogeneity, chronic inflammatory diseases, cancer immunotherapy
- MeSH terms
- Mannose Receptor, CD163 Antigen, Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Cell Survival, Cells, Cultured, Flow Cytometry, HLA-DR Antigens, Humans, Inflammation, Macrophage Activation, Macrophages, Monocytes, Phagocytosis, Phenotype, Receptors, Cell Surface, Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic, Antigens, CD, Cytokines, Macrophage Inflammatory Proteins, Chemokines, CC, Lectins, C-Type, Mannose-Binding Lectins, Chemokine CCL3, Chemokine CCL4
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