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Cited by 565Heavy metals in environmentAdsorption and biosorption for pollutant removalElectrostatics and Colloid Interactions

Ionic-strength and pH effects on the sorption of cadmium and the surface charge of soils

NAIDU, R., BOLAN, N.S., KOOKANA, R. S., TILLER, K.G.·1994·European Journal of Soil Science
DOI 10.1111/j.1365-2389.1994.tb00527.x
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Abstract

Summary Two Oxisols (Mena and Malanda), a Xeralf and a Xerert from Australia and an Andept (Patua) and a Fragiaqualf (Tokomaru) from New Zealand were used to examine the effect of pH and ionic strength on the surface charge of soil and sorption of cadmium. Adsorption of Cd was measured using water, 0.01 mol dmp −3 Ca(NO 3 ) 2 , and various concentrations of NaNO 3 (0.01–1.5 mol dm −3 ) as background solutions at a range of pH values (3–8). In all soils, the net surface charge decreased with an increase in pH. The pH at which the net surface charge was zero (point of net zero charge, PZC) differed between the soils. The PZC was higher for soils dominated by variable‐charge components (Oxisols and Andept) than soils dominated by permanent charge (Xeralf, Xerert and Fragiaqualf). For all soils, the adsorption of Cd increased with an increase in pH and most of the variation in adsorption with pH was explained by the variation in negative surface charge. The effect of ionic strength on Cd adsorption varied between the soils and with the pH. In Oxisols, which are dominated by variable‐charge components, there was a characteristic pH below which increasing ionic strength of NaNO 3 increased Cd adsorption and above which the reverse occurred. In all the soils in the normal pH range (i.e. pH>PZC), the adsorption of Cd always decreased with an increase in ionic strength irrespective of pH. If increasing ionic strength decreases cation adsorption, then the potential in the plane of adsorption is negative. Also, if increasing ionic strength increases adsorption below the PZC, then the potential in the plane of adsorption must be positive. These observations suggest that, depending upon the pH and PZC, Cd is adsorbed when potential in the plane of adsorption is either positive or negative providing evidence for both specific and non‐specific adsorption of Cd. Adsorption of Cd was approximately doubled when Na rather than Ca was used as the index cation.

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Crossref · 10.1111/j.1365-2389.1994.tb00527.x

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  • At any fixed pH value, potentially toxic element adsorption capacity could be decreased by an increase in initial potentially toxic element concentration, apparently due to gradual saturation of adsorption sites.

    “However, at any fixed pH value, PTE adsorption capacity could be decreased by an increase in initial PTE concentration, apparently due to the gradual saturation of adsorption sites (Naidu et al., 1994).”

    From Soil amendments for immobilization of potentially toxic elements in contaminated soils: A critical review (2020) · cites this paper as Naidu et al., 1994

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Authors
NAIDU, R., BOLAN, N. S., KOOKANA, R. S., & TILLER, K. G.
Affiliations
  • Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (AU)
  • Massey University (NZ)
ORCID
Venue
European Journal of Soil Science
Publisher
Wiley
Published
1994-12
Volume
45
Issue
4
Pages
419-429
ISSN
  • 1351-0754 (ISSN-L)
  • 1365-2389
DOI
10.1111/j.1365-2389.1994.tb00527.x
OpenAlex
W2123548735
Cited by
565
References
41
Citations by year
2026: 12 · 2025: 16 · 2024: 15 · 2023: 18 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 28 · 2020: 24 · 2019: 24 · 2018: 26 · 2017: 32 · 2016: 33 · 2015: 26 · 2014: 30 · 2013: 37 · 2012: 13
FWCI
6.25
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor, 4257 d)
Locations
European Journal of Soil Science (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Pollution › Heavy metals in environment
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Water Science and Technology › Adsorption and biosorption for pollutant removal
  • Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Physical and Theoretical Chemistry › Electrostatics and Colloid Interactions
Keywords
cadmium adsorption, soil surface charge, ionic strength effects, pH effect, variable charge soils, Oxisol, heavy metal adsorption

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